托福阅读中的定语从句1

　　在句子中，名词或名词短语主要充当四种成分：主语、宾语、表语和同位语;把句子当作名词来用，分别在另一个句子中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语构成四种从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。下面，和小编来初步认识一下四种名词性从句的样子。

　　主语从句

　　The book is interesting.book 名词作主语;

　　What I am reading is interesting.完整句 what I am reading 作主语，因此被称为主语从句。该从句有自己的'主语(I)和谓语(am reading)， what 在主语从句中作am reading 的宾语宾语从句。

　　宾语从句

　　I believe his words.words 作宾语。

　　I believe what he said.完整句 what he said 作宾语，因此被称为宾语从句。该从句有自己的主语(he)和谓语(said)，what在宾语从句中作said 的宾语。

　　表语从句

　　English is a useful tool.a useful tool 作表语。

　　The book is what I want.完整句子 what I want 作表语，因此被称为表语从句。该从句有自己的主语(I)和谓语(want)，what在表语从句中作want 的宾语。

　　同位语从句

　　I like the book, Gone with the Wind.Gone with the Wind 作book 的同位语。

　　The mother must accept the fact that her babyis deaf.完整句 that her baby is deaf 作fact 的同位语，因此被称为同位语从句。该从句有自己的主语(her baby)和谓语部分(is deaf)，that 在同位语从句中不充当成分。

托福阅读中的定语从句扩展阅读

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展1）

——in which 定语从句3篇

in which 定语从句1

　　你的问题中提到的in which是属于“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句.

　　关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词 + 关系代词（只用 whom /which）引导

　　The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

　　= The school in which he once studied is very famous.

　　Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.

　　= Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.

　　We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.

　　= We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.

in which 定语从句2

　　1.in which可以等于when,也可以等于where,但不会等于why.

　　关键是看定语从句中缺少时间状语还是地点状语.

　　2.例如：

　　1）I'll never forget these days in/during which I stayed with you.

　　= I'll never forget these days when I stayed with you.

　　我永远不会忘记我和你待在一起的日子.

　　其中：in/during which I stayed with you = when I stayed with you

　　= I stayed with you in/during which = I stayed with you in/during these days

　　2）This is the city in which I stayed last year.

　　= This is the city where I stayed last year.

　　这就是那个去年我待的地方.

　　其中：where I stayed last year = in which I stayed last year

　　= I stayed in which last year = I stayed in the city last year.

　　3.另外,有的in which找不到合适的关系副词代替.

　　如：I dislike the way in which you treat me.

　　我不喜欢你对待我的方式.

　　其中：in which you treat me = you treat me in which

　　= you treat me in the way

　　4.for which = why

　　如：Can you tell me the reason why you were late?

　　= Can you tell me the reason for which you were late?

　　你能告诉我你迟到的原因吗?

　　其中：why you were late = for which you were late

　　= you were late for which = you were late for the reason

in which 定语从句3

　　in which用于定语从句，作关系代词，在句中要做成分

　　in which用于定语从句，作关系副词，在句中不做成分，in which=where

　　in which只搜索能用在定语从句中，等于where,在定语从句中作状语。

　　如：He lived in the house in which tomonce lived.

　　定语从句中如

　　This is the room in which we stayed

　　先行词是room，后的句子是用来修饰room的

　　但是room不可做stay的成分，因为stay是不及物动词，后不可直接家宾语，所以要有个介词.

　　其实上述的句子

　　This is the room which we stayed in.

　　这里的介词是可以提到which前的

　　定语从句in which等的用法

　　in which,forwhich,onwhich,atwhich的不同用法

　　这些都是定语从句里面，由which引导的定语从句，介词提前。

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展2）

——英语中什么叫定语从句 (菁选3篇)

英语中什么叫定语从句1

　　概念

　　被修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它需要放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后.定语从句一般由关系代词来引导.关系代词必须放在定语从句之首.定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.

　　关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.

　　1)who, whom, that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

　　He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

　　2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书.

　　3)which, that

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的'繁荣.(which / that在句中作主语)

　　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语)

　　关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.

　　1)when, where, why

　　关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:

　　There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.

　　Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. **是我的出生地.

　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

　　2)that代替关系副词

　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:

　　His father died the year (that / when / on which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.

　　He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.

英语中什么叫定语从句2

　　概念

　　被修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它需要放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后.定语从句一般由关系代词来引导.关系代词必须放在定语从句之首.定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.

　　关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.

　　1)who, whom, that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

　　He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

　　2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书.

　　3)which, that

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.(which / that在句中作主语)

　　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语)

　　关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.

　　1)when, where, why

　　关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:

　　There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.

　　Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. **是我的出生地.

　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

　　2)that代替关系副词

　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:

　　His father died the year (that / when / on which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.

　　He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.

英语中什么叫定语从句3

　　定语从句:一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句.在主句中充当定语成分.被修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后.

　　【关系词的特定选择】

　　1、只用that不用which

　　1)当先行词是序数词或被序数词、最高级,关系词用that.

　　2)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that.

　　3)当先行词带有the only,the very,the same,the last,the one等词时,用that.

　　4)当主句中有who或which时,为避免重复用that.

　　5)当先行词为something,anything,nothing,none,no,little,much,all等不定代词时用that.

　　2、只用who不用that

　　1)如果先行词是those,they,all,persons,people,he,anyone,one时用who

　　2)当先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语从句或在被分割的定语从句中时.

　　3、只用which不用that

　　1)当主句先行词后有介词时,用which.例:This is the one of which I'm speaking.

　　2)非限定性定语从句,用which.

　　3) 描述句中一般用which.例:Beijing,which was China's capital for more than 800years.

　　4)those +复数名词之后,多用which .例:Shopkeeper want to keep a number of those goods which sell best.

　　5)先行词本身是that时,用which.

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展3）

——带介词的定语从句

带介词的定语从句1

　　1.语法作用：“介词+关系代词”在从句中主要起关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语：

　　(1)表示地点，时间和原因的“介词+which”分别相当于 where，when，why。

　　I have found the book in which the names of all the early satellites are mentioned.(SEFC 2A L.55)(=I have found the book.The names of all the early satellites are mentioned in it.)

　　The earth on which /where we live is a planet.

　　I”ll never forget the day on which /when I joined the League.

　　I know a wood in which /where you can find roses.

　　Is there any reason for which /why you should have a holiday?

　　(2)way后常用that代替in which，也可省略that。

　　I really don”t like the way that he talks.

　　That was the way in which the old lady looked after us.

　　Do it the way I showed you.

　　2.“of +which”起形容词的作用，相当于whose(用来指物)，其词序通常是“n.+of which”。

　　They live in a house whose door /the door of which opens to the south.

　　He”s written a book whose name /the name of which I”ve com- pletely forgotten.

　　3.可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

　　There is a rocket by which the direction of the satellite can be changed.

　　We carefully studied the photos，in which we could see signs of plant disease.

　　4.介词的选择(选择介词时须考虑下列情况)

　　1)介词与先行词的习惯搭配

　　There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth.(in与way是习惯搭配)

　　2)介词与定语从句中的动词，形容词的习惯搭配

　　These are the wires with which different machines are connected.(be connected with是习惯搭配)

　　The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny.(be familiar with是习惯搭配)

　　3)同形的先行词，或定语从句中的动词，形容词表示不同的含义时，要根据其含义选用不同的介词。

　　I can”t remember the age at which he won the prize.

　　That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness.

　　age在前句中意为“年岁”，与at搭配;在后句中意为“时期”，与 in搭配。

　　4)复杂介词须保持其完整形式，常见的复杂介词有on the top of，in the middle of，in front of，in spite of，at the back of，because of等。

　　We took a photo of rocket，the length of which was about 30me- tres.

　　Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other.

　　They marched through the square，in the middle of which stood a monument.

　　5)短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的.短语动词有listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of，look into，break into，get rid of，take part in，make use of，take hold of，catch hold of，catch up with，get along with，look forward to等。此时可用which，who，whom或that，也可将他们省略。

　　(误)This is the girl of whom he will take care.

　　(正)This is the girl whom he will take careof.

　　6)当介词与定语从句中的动词或形容词联系紧密(但不是短语动词)时，介词也可放在动词或形容词的后面。但当介词与从句中的动词或形容词联系不紧密时，则需将介词置于关系代词前。比较：

　　The space station which we drove to was in the desert.

　　I”ll never forget the day in which I joined the Party.

　　后句中的in若置于句尾则有“孤零零”之感，这时宜将介词置于关系代词前;而前句中的to则可后置。

　　5.关系代词的选择

　　用于介词后的关系代词只有which，whom，前者指物，后者指人。

　　There are many research stations on the earth in which outer space is studied.(which指代research stations)

　　We questioned the pilot，from whom we learnt that no other planes had been seen.(whom指代the pilot)

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展4）

——which定语从句的用法3篇

which定语从句的用法1

　　我们知道，as和which作为关系代词都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句所表达的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，但它们在用法上有区别，这一点许多学生往往搞不清楚。现就它们引导非限制性定语从句的用法简述如下：

　　一、相同之处

　　当从句位于主句之后，引导词指代整个主句所表达的全部意义时，as和which可以互换。如：

　　The elephant is like a snake,as/which everybody can see.

　　大家都看得出，这头大象像条蛇。

　　A big earthquake occurred there last night,as/which was reported on TV.

　　据电视报道，昨夜那里发生了大地震。

　　She is from Shanghai,as/which I know from her accent.

　　她来自上海，那是我从她的口音知道的。

　　二、不同之处

　　1、as引导非限制性定语从句时，位置比较灵活，可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之中或之后;而which引导非限制定语从句只能位于主句之后，不能位于主句之前。如：

　　_______ is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth.

　　A.It B.As C.That D.Which

　　答案：B

　　_______ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.

　　A.Which B.As C.That D.It

　　答案：B

　　Air,as we know,is a gas.众所周知，空气是一种气体。

　　He is very careful,as his work shows.

　　他的工作表现表明他非常谨慎。

　　as引导非限制性定语从句常有“如同......那样”的含义，因此在一些固定结构中，如：

　　as we know;as is known to all(众所周知)

　　as we all can see(正如我们大家都能看到的那样)

　　as has been said before/above(正如前面所述)

　　as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那样)

　　as might be imagined(可以想象得到)

　　as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)

　　as is often the case(情况通常是这样)

　　以上种种固定搭配，一般不能用which代替as。

　　2、搭配上，在由the same或such所修饰的名词后通常用as作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句。如：

　　I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

　　我遇到了与他一样的麻烦。

　　I've never heard of such a moving story as he is telling.

　　我从未听过像他讲得那么有趣的故事。

　　3、which引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，可以用and this代替，意思是“这件事”;as引导的从句主要起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等。如：

　　He sold his new car,which surprised me.

　　=He sold his new car,and this serprised me.

　　Einstein,as we know,is a famous scientist.

　　我们都知道，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。

　　As is known to all,****** is part of China.

　　众所周知，**是*的一部分。

　　4、当which在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时，不可用as代替which。如：

　　The peach tree,which I planted last year,has not borne any fruit.

　　这棵桃树是我去年种下的，还没有结出任何果实。

　　The book,which I bought yesterday,is very instructive.

　　我昨天买的这本书很有教育意义。

　　5、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语，也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。如：

　　He married her,which was nature.(可用as代替which)

　　他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。

　　She met the boy,which delighted her.(不可用as代替which)

　　她见到了那个男孩，这使得她很高兴。

　　He failed in the exam again,which made his parents very angry.

　　他考试有不及格了，这是他父母很生气。

　　6、as引导的从句在意义上不可与主语相悖，而which引导的从句则不受此限制。

　　Mum treats me like a baby,which I can't bear.

　　妈妈把我当小孩看待，这是我不能忍受的。

which定语从句的用法2

　　一、which前面有逗号，逗号前面是个名词，which就近指代那个名词。

　　(1) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which did not cheer Pea up.

　　which就近指代photos，定语从句中谓语动词did not cheer (Pea up)的发出者即从句主语即先行词photos，是photos没让豌豆家属高兴起来。

　　(2) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.

　　which就近指代photos，photos是定语从句中的宾语，把定语从句还原成一个完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.

　　可以看到，上面两个句子都可以以that为关系代词改写，即

　　(1)Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that did not cheer Pea up.

　　(2)Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.

　　改写与原版区别在哪儿？就在一个逗号。which前面是名词，名词和which之间没逗号的，在GMAT语法里算错。

　　二、which前面是介词，介词前面是名词，which就近指代介词前的那个名词，名词和介词之间有无逗号均可。

　　Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.

　　这个句子可以“拆”成如下两句：（每个定语从句都可以拆成两句，以先行词为拆分点）

　　(1)Tankfield once lent Pea a book.

　　(2)Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.

　　先行词实际上是定语从句中介词的宾语，这时，需要把介词提前，避免如下表达：

　　(1)Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)

　　(2)Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)

　　上中学的时候学过，which引导的定语从句叫“非限制性定语从句”，是不是？它怎么就“非限制性”了？回顾上述GMAT语法规定which有且仅有的两种用法，which指的都是就近的名词，从句其实还是限制性的。

　　所谓非限制性呢，是说which指逗号之前一套主谓所描述的情况，以逗号前的一个完整句为先行词。比如：

　　(1)Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which was rather sad.

　　(2)Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.

　　注意，这样的非限制性定语从句在GMAT语法中是不成立的，关于which，GMAT语法考试只认可上述两种限制性用法。那么，在GMAT语法考试规则范围内，用什么方法能够表达出原来学过的非限制性定语从句的意思来呢？

　　分成两句或做出同位语来都是可以的，当然，需要先找出一个名词把原来非限制性定语从句的先行词（即那个完整的句子）概括出来。

　　一、分成两句

　　Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. The fact was rather sad.

　　Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. Pea did not refuse to acknowledge the fact to herself any more.

　　二、做同位语

　　Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, the fact, rather sad,beingwhat Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.

　　考题及答案解析：

　　[考题1]

　　Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcentre,____isalwaysbusyattheweekend.

　　A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which

　　[答案]D

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰theshoppingcentre，应选用D选项中的关系代词which，which在该定语从句中充当主语。

　　[考题2]

　　York,____lastyear,isaniceoldcity.(2003**)

　　A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisited

　　C.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited

　　[答案]B

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰York，在定语从句中充当及物动词visit的宾语，应选用B选项中的关系代词which。

　　[考题3]

　　Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.

　　A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which

　　[答案]D

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰windows，在定语从句中充当介词of的宾语，应选用D选项中的关系代词which。

　　[考题4]

　　Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,____meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.(2006江苏)

　　A.whoB.thatC.asD.which

　　[答案]D

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰整个主句“theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning”所表示的情况，应选用C选项中的`关系代词which，在该定语从句中充当主语。

　　[考题5]

　　Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,____,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.

　　A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what

　　[答案]B

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰整个主句“Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay”所表示的情况，应选用B选项中的关系代词which，在该定语从句中充当主语。

　　[考题6]

　　Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,____wehadn’texpected.

　　A.when B.thatC.whichD.what

　　[答案]C

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰整个主句“theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood”所表示的情况，应选用C选项中的关系代词which，在该定语从句中充当及物动词expect的宾语。

　　[考题7]

　　TheEnglishplay____mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.

　　A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich

　　[答案]C

　　[解析]表示“在英语剧中”应用介词in，因此在修饰先行词play的限定性定语从句中也应用介词in与指代先行词play的关系代词which连用，本题只能选C。注意：本题中which充当置于定语从句中最前面的介词in的宾语(inwhich在整个定语从句中充当状语)。

　　[考题8]

　　Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection____shehadcome.

　　A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich

　　[答案]D

　　[解析]表示“从他来的方向跑回去”，应选用介词from。下划线处是引导修饰direction的定语从句。

　　[考题9]

　　Frank’sdreamwastohavehisownshop____toproducetheworkingsofhisownhands.

　　A.thatB.inwhichC.bywhichD.how

　　[答案]B

　　[解析]题干句意为：Frank的梦想是拥有一家可以生产自己的手工制品的商店。inwhich相当于intheshop的含义，最适合引导定语从句。

　　[考题10]

　　Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst____Ireallyenjoyed.

　　A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which

　　[答案]B

　　[解析]ofwhich表示thefirstofthreebooks的含义，介词of不可以省略，that不可以紧跟介词后引导定语从句，因此应选B。

　　[考题11]

　　Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,____hewentontoCambridge.

　　A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis

　　[答案]C

　　[解析]this不能引导定语从句修饰前面的school，介词后的关系代词不能是that(“考点72：that引导的定语从句的用法”中将有此考点的具体介绍)，因此应排除选项B和D;由于此处which指代前面整个主句，全句意为“他在当地的一所语法学校接受教育之后，又去了剑桥。”，介词应选用after，因此应进一步排除选项A而选出C。

　　附：定语从句中的that和which用法区别

　　1、先行若是不定代，that就把which踹

　　春雨惊春清谷天，夏满芒夏暑相连，秋处露秋寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒。上半年是六廿一，下半年来八**，每月两节日期定，最多相差一二天。当先行词为anything, everything, nothing, all, any, much, many, one等不定代词时，只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.

　　例：Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能给你做点什么吗？

　　2、先行词前有两数，就用that定无误

　　当先行词是基数词或序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.

　　例句：

　　That is the second time that I have been to Japan.

　　那是我去**的第二次。

　　The two buildings that lay on the River Thames fell down last week.

　　坐落在泰晤士河岸边的那两座大楼上星期倒塌了。

　　3、先行词前最高级，还用that必无疑

　　当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.

　　例句：

　　This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.

　　这是我度过的最美好的时光。

　　4、句中若有there be, that应把which替

　　例：

　　There is no evidence that animals possess a mysterious sixth-sense allowing them to predict natural disasters.

　　说动物拥有神秘的第六感，可以预知自然灾害，这是没有根据的。

　　5、先行主中做表语，避免重复从句里

　　例句：

　　1）This is not the hospital that it used to be.

　　这已经不再是以前那座医院了。

　　2）Mr Thomson is not the man that he was.

　　汤姆森先生已经不再是以前的他了。

　　解析：定语从句的先行词均在主句中做表语。

　　例句：

　　Which is the course that we are to take ?

　　我们要学哪门课？

　　解析：句中已有which,后面不再用which,避免重复用that。

　　6、先行词前有just/the only/very/same/last等词，关系代词用that,不用which

　　例句：

　　1) The North Pole is the only place that you can see polar bears.

　　北极是唯一能见到北极熊的地方。

　　2）This is the same bike that he lost.

　　这就是他丢了的那辆自行车。

　　注意区分：

　　3) This is the same bike as he lost.

　　这辆自行车和他丢的那辆一样。（但不是）

which定语从句的用法3

　　我们知道，as和which作为关系代词都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句所表达的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，但它们在用法上有区别，这一点许多学生往往搞不清楚。现就它们引导非限制性定语从句的用法简述如下：

　　一、相同之处

　　当从句位于主句之后，引导词指代整个主句所表达的全部意义时，as和which可以互换。如：

　　The elephant is like a snake,as/which everybody can see.

　　大家都看得出，这头大象像条蛇。

　　A big earthquake occurred there last night,as/which was reported on TV.

　　据电视报道，昨夜那里发生了大地震。

　　She is from Shanghai,as/which I know from her accent.

　　她来自上海，那是我从她的口音知道的。

　　二、不同之处

　　1、as引导非限制性定语从句时，位置比较灵活，可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之中或之后;而which引导非限制定语从句只能位于主句之后，不能位于主句之前。如：

　　_______ is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth.

　　A.It B.As C.That D.Which

　　答案：B

　　_______ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.

　　A.Which B.As C.That D.It

　　答案：B

　　Air,as we know,is a gas.众所周知，空气是一种气体。

　　He is very careful,as his work shows.

　　他的工作表现表明他非常谨慎。

　　as引导非限制性定语从句常有“如同......那样”的含义，因此在一些固定结构中，如：

　　as we know;as is known to all(众所周知)

　　as we all can see(正如我们大家都能看到的那样)

　　as has been said before/above(正如前面所述)

　　as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那样)

　　as might be imagined(可以想象得到)

　　as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)

　　as is often the case(情况通常是这样)

　　以上种种固定搭配，一般不能用which代替as。

　　2、搭配上，在由the same或such所修饰的名词后通常用as作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句。如：

　　I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

　　我遇到了与他一样的麻烦。

　　I've never heard of such a moving story as he is telling.

　　我从未听过像他讲得那么有趣的故事。

　　3、which引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，可以用and this代替，意思是“这件事”;as引导的从句主要起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等。如：

　　He sold his new car,which surprised me.

　　=He sold his new car,and this serprised me.

　　Einstein,as we know,is a famous scientist.

　　我们都知道，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。

　　As is known to all,****** is part of China.

　　众所周知，**是*的一部分。

　　4、当which在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时，不可用as代替which。如：

　　The peach tree,which I planted last year,has not borne any fruit.

　　这棵桃树是我去年种下的，还没有结出任何果实。

　　The book,which I bought yesterday,is very instructive.

　　我昨天买的这本书很有教育意义。

　　5、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语，也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。如：

　　He married her,which was nature.(可用as代替which)

　　他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。

　　She met the boy,which delighted her.(不可用as代替which)

　　她见到了那个男孩，这使得她很高兴。

　　He failed in the exam again,which made his parents very angry.

　　他考试有不及格了，这是他父母很生气。

　　6、as引导的从句在意义上不可与主语相悖，而which引导的从句则不受此限制。

　　Mum treats me like a baby,which I can't bear.

　　妈妈把我当小孩看待，这是我不能忍受的。

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展5）

——where的定语从句3篇

where的定语从句1

　　where先行词表示时间、地点、原因，但关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，应用关系代词that或which.如：

　　Ill never forget 1976 that / which was full of sadness.

　　（作主语）

　　我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。

　　I regret the days （that/which） I wasted in the woods.

　　（作宾语）

　　我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。

　　This is the factory that/which produces cars. （作主语）

　　这就是那个生产小汽车的工厂。

　　This is the factory （that/which） he visited yesterday.

　　（作宾语）

　　这就是他昨天参观的工厂。

　　This is the reason that/which is unreasonable. （作主语）

　　这是一个没道理的理由。

　　This is the reason （that/which） he raised. （作宾语）

　　这是他提出的理由。

　　2. 关系副词有时相当于 适当的介词+关系代词。如：

　　① where=in/on which

　　This is the room where / in which he lives.

　　巩固练习：

　　从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　1. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting

　　for the great chance.（湖南2004）

　　A. how B. which C. where D. that

　　2. We are living in an age _______ many things are done

　　on com*r.（**2003春）

　　A. which B. that C. whose D. when

　　3. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was

　　taken good care of in that far-away village.（NMET 2001）

　　A. until B. that C. when D. where

　　4. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his careless-

　　ness in his work？ （上海2002春）

　　A. he explained B. what he explained

　　C. how he explained D. why he explained

　　5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the

　　small town ______ he grewup as a child. （NMET 1996）

　　A. which B. that C. where D. when

　　Key： 1-5 CDCAC

where的定语从句2

　　Where引导定语从句，先行词不一定都表示地点

　　1. We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly.

　　A.which B.as C.why D.where

　　2.He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car.

　　A.which B.as C.why D.where

　　两道题都选where ，但是case, situation都不是地点，如何理解？

　　在“先行词不是表示地点的名词”的前提下，如何判断是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题是一个高频考点。就是说，关系副词where所指代的先行词不只是表示地点的名词。

　　用Where引导定语从句，先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解，当where引导定语从句时，它的先行词就是表示地点的名词，但事实并不是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下，where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。

　　请看以下几个例句：

　　1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other.

　　请记住，最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的'爱超过彼此间的需要。

　　点评：这里where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one，也就是relationship (此处one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地点名词，但此处却用了where来引导，where在这里表示“在这样的感情关系下”。从定语从句的结构来看，定语从句不缺主语和宾语，引导词where在从句中充当的是状语。

　　2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vital interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low. 欺诈行为在这种情况下最有可能发生：利益重大，而且欺诈行为被发现的可能性小。

　　点评：句中的先行词是situations，表示“情形，情况”，引导词依然用的是where，表示“在这种情况之下”。这里的定语从句也是不缺主语或宾语的，where在从句中充当的是状语。

　　3. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people

　　will have to accept more “unnatural food”.除非人类能够意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度——使地球能为所有人提供足够的食物，否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。

　　点评：这里的先行词是point，表示“某种程度，某种状况”，引导词where指代point，表示“在这种程度下”。这里定语从句也是不缺主语和宾语的，where在从句中充当的仍然是状语。

　　从上面三个例句中，我们可以发现以下两点：第一，即使先行词不是表示地点的词，定语从句也能够使用关系副词where来引导；第二，上面三个例句中，where分别指代relationship、situation和point，分别表示“在……关系中”“在……情况下”“达到……程度”，这些词虽然不是表示地点的名词，但在从句中表达的是“某个点或状态”的含义。我们可以把这类名词解释成“含有抽象地点意义的名词”，此类词也能用关系副词where来进行引导。

　　先行词不表示地点时，如何判断是否使用Where引导定语从句当先行词不是表示地点的名词时，该如何判断是否使用where引导定语从句呢？由上文给出的例句可知，含有抽象地点意义的名词能用关系副词where来引导，并且在每个例句的点评中都反复强调“定语从句不缺主语和宾语，where在从句中充当的是状语”。

　　由此，我们可以大胆地进行引申和归纳，提出“当先行词不表示地点时，使用where引导定语从句”的判断方法。首先，判断定语从句的结构：定语从句应该不缺少主语和宾语，而是缺少状语。其次，观察先行词：先行词是除了时间名词(在这种情况下会用when)和原因名词(在这种情况下会用why)以外的其他任何名词。第二个条件之所以成立，是因为定语从句中的状语成分一般就是由when、where和why等三个引导词来引导的。

　　为了更深刻地理解这种判断方法，请看以下几个例句：

　　4. English is a fixed-word-order language where each phrase has a fixed position. 英语是一种“词序固定”的语言，这种语言的特点就是每个短语都有固定的位置。

　　点评：首先，我们来判断定语从句“each phrase has a fixed position”的结构：该从句并不缺少主语和宾语，但是缺少状语。其次，我们来看先行词：先行词是fixed-word-order language, 它既不表示时间，也不表示原因。由此可知，此处用where来指代先行词，表示“在词序固定这样的语言中”。

　　5. At the Academy, Plato taught the students through the use of debates, where two or more people took different ideas of an argument. 在学院里，柏拉图采用的教学方法是**辩论，在辩论中，两个或多个学生各持一方观点。

　　点评：首先，我们来判断定语从句“two or morepeople took different ideas of an argument”的句子结构：该从句不缺少主语和宾语，但是缺少状语。其次，我们来看先行词：先行词是debates，它既不是时间名词，也不是原因名词。由此可知，此处应用where引导定语从句，表示“在辩论中”。

　　6. However, being enthusiastic isn't for everyone and no one likes false enthusiasm, where a person pretends to be excited even about small points.然而，热情并非适合每一个人，而且也没有人喜欢那种连区区小事都假装兴奋的假热情。

　　点评：首先，我们判断定语从句“a person pretends to be excited even about small points”的句子结构：该从句不缺少主语和宾语，但是缺少状语。其次，我们来看先行词：先行词是false enthusiasm，它既不是时间名词，也不是原因名词。因而，此处用where来引导定语从句，表示“在虚假的热情这种状态下”。

　　通过对上面三个例句的点评，相信读者已经能够掌握在先行词不表示地点的情况下，如何判断是否使用where来引导定语从句了。此外，我们需要仔细体会例句中where指代先行词时所表达的含义，分别是“在……样的语言中”“在……中”“在……样的状态下”，这些含义与第一节所举的例子类似，都带有抽象的地点意义。因而，我们在日后的学习和考试中应当谨记：

　　用where引导的定语从句，先行词不一定是表示地点的名词，因为先行词也可能是含有抽象地点意义的名词。由此，我们总结如下：

　　先行词是表示“地点”或任何含有“抽象地点意义”的名词用where引导定语从句。

where的定语从句3

　　where先行词表示时间、地点、原因，但关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，应用关系代词that或which.如：

　　Ill never forget 1976 that / which was full of sadness.

　　（作主语）

　　我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。

　　I regret the days （that/which） I wasted in the woods.

　　（作宾语）

　　我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。

　　This is the factory that/which produces cars. （作主语）

　　这就是那个生产小汽车的工厂。

　　This is the factory （that/which） he visited yesterday.

　　（作宾语）

　　这就是他昨天参观的工厂。

　　This is the reason that/which is unreasonable. （作主语）

　　这是一个没道理的理由。

　　This is the reason （that/which） he raised. （作宾语）

　　这是他提出的理由。

　　2. 关系副词有时相当于 适当的介词+关系代词。如：

　　① where=in/on which

　　This is the room where / in which he lives.

　　巩固练习：

　　从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　1. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting

　　for the great chance.（湖南2004）

　　A. how B. which C. where D. that

　　2. We are living in an age _______ many things are done

　　on com*r.（**2003春）

　　A. which B. that C. whose D. when

　　3. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was

　　taken good care of in that far-away village.（NMET 2001）

　　A. until B. that C. when D. where

　　4. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his careless-

　　ness in his work？ （上海2002春）

　　A. he explained B. what he explained

　　C. how he explained D. why he explained

　　5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the

　　small town ______ he grewup as a child. （NMET 1996）

　　A. which B. that C. where D. when

　　Key： 1-5 CDCAC

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展6）

——含有定语从句的文章3篇

含有定语从句的文章1

　　An Ingteresting Trip

　　I have been to many interesting places in Yiwu,but I have not been to many other parts of China yet.Last month I went to the West Lake where is a famous scenic spot in Hangzhou with my family by bus.

　　The scenery around the lake was very beautiful.There were many tall trees and beautiful flowers.Some people were walking around the lake and some people were boating on the lake. We played near the lake and enjoyed the beautiful scenery.Each of us lost ourselves in the beautiful scenery.Suddenly it rained.We ran in the rain and we were all wet.But we were very happy.After a while the rain stopped.The sky became very colourful. “How beautiful it is!”I said to myself.

　　In the afternoon we went back home by train .My trip seemed very short,but my memory of the pleasant trip will last long.

含有定语从句的文章2

　　My Best Friend

　　I have many good friends,Lily is one of the best.We play together since we two were very young. She is such a pretty girl that when people meet her,they always pat her little head and say,"Oh,how lovely!"Lily is also very brave.I remember one evening two weeks ago,mom sent me to buy some salt and sugar downstair.When I was back on the darksome stairway,I suddenly saw a black shadow behind me,was that a ghost?I was so frightened that I cried "God!"At that very moment,Lily come,she rush at the shadow and shouted to it loudly till it disappeared,then we ran home safely... Maybe you have already get it,yes,Lily is my dog,--my best friend,I love her.

含有定语从句的文章3

　　My Close Friend

　　Yesterday was April 26. My friend Duan Yankun asked me to have lunch with her family, beacuse it was her birthday. I was very glas, and said "Happy birthday!" to her. We had a good time together.

　　Her house is not very big, but very beautiful. She told me taht they would soon move into a much bigger house. Her parents are very kind to me. They lead a happy life. They have two cars of their own.

　　Duan Yankun and I have been good friends since Grade One. I always get on well with her. We help each other. She is pretty, kind and helpful. I like her very much.

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展7）

——定语从句whose用法3篇

定语从句whose用法1

　　定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

　　关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

　　关系副词有：when, where, why等。

　　关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　　1.who, whom, that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

　　He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

　　2. Whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

　　Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的`书。

　　3.whose用作关系代词时，它并不表示谁的，而是表示的，在具体语境需要灵活处理。如：

　　He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的人。

　　The boys whose names were called stood up. 叫到名字的男孩们站了起来。

　　You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 你是惟一可能使他听从劝告的人。

　　4. 不要以为whose引导定语从句时，其先行词一定是指人的名词，其实也可以是指事物(包括动物)的名词。如：

　　It was an island whose name I have forgotten. 这是一座岛，名字我忘了。

　　Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon cooperation. 狼是高度群体化的动物，它们的成功依赖于合作。

　　5. whose 不仅可以引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。如：

　　My bitch, whose temper is very uncertain, often bites the judges at dog shows. 我的母狗脾气不稳定，常常在狗展上咬裁判。

　　One of the Britons, whose identity has not been revealed, was taken to hospital. 其中一位英国人被送往医院。他的身份还没有透露。

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展8）

——定语从句与补语3篇

定语从句与补语1

　　一、定语从句的引导词

　　1、一共有9个：who, whom , whose, that, which, when,where, why, as

　　与名词从句相比：定从不能由what和how引导；which的含义改变；定从内部的介词可以放引导词前。

　　2、引导词的功能有哪些？

　　（1）引导定语从句

　　（2）代替先行词在定语从句中充当一个成分。（先行词在从句中不再出现）

　　二、定语从句的关键

　　1、首先，要能判断出该从句是什么从句：

　　（1）放句首没有用逗号分开的，一般是主语从句，也有可能是状语从句，但从句结束后若有体现时态变化的动词，则一定是主语从句。

　　（2）放及物动词后，若及物动词不是被动语态，后面一定是宾语从句；若该及物动词是被动语态，后面一般是主语从句（It+ is + adj/n./done+that/whether/when…）或状语从句。

　　（3）放be动词后，后面一定是表语从句，但 “It is/was + 从句(被强调成分) + that”是强调句（强调句中“非谓语”）。

　　（4）放名词后，一般是定语从句，但若该名词有“内涵/内容”(fact/truth/news/information/ problem/suggestion)， 则很可能是同位语从句。

　　（5）用逗号分开的从句，一般是状语从句或 as/which引导的定语从句，也要注意用放在句中用逗号分开的“插入语”(however, for example,believe it or not等)。

　　2、其次，判断出是定语从句后可以用“三个优先”法做题：

　　（1）优先选择含whose的选项，能与空格后的名词构成“某人的某物”搭配，一般就是答案；

　　（2）优先选择含介词的选项，然后看该介词与从句中的谓语是否能构成符合逻辑的搭配；

　　（3）用逗号分开的定从，优先考虑as和which,若该空能翻译为“一件事”而从句意思是通顺的，则放句首就用as,句末用which(若该空能翻译为“如同”“像…一样”则应用as)

　　3、再次,做定语从句题可以用“三问法”来检测是否出错：

　　（1）先行词本身是否为特殊的词？

　　way+ in which/that/省略

　　指物的不定代词：anything, one, some,many, a lot, all, both, that等 + that

　　指人的不定代词或数词：one, those, anyone, two等 + who

　　既有人又有物： + that

　　“抽象的地点”condition, situation,case, point + where

　　“抽象的时间”one’s stay/visit + when

　　在特定语境中可以作“地点/位置”理解的词：trousers/ sleeves + where

　　（2）先行词前面有无特殊的词？

　　有不定代词修饰：all/every/little/much+ …+ that

　　有最高级/序数词修饰：the best/second … + that

　　有just the/ the very/ the only/ the last等修饰：+ that

　　有who/which疑问词：+ that(避免重复)

　　有the same/ such/ as修饰：一般+ as

　　（注意： ①第一个as是否为一个以as结尾的搭配，如regard…as；

　　②区分such…as（定从）与such …that“如此…以至于”）

　　（3）先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分？

　　注意：从句中spend后的“时间”，以及visit后的“地点”，不是状语，而是宾语，应该用不定代词

　　4、只能用that引导定语从句有哪些情况？

　　先行词前为all, everything, nothing,something, anything, little, much等不定代词时；

　　先行词前有：all, every, no, some, any,little, much, few等不定代词修饰时；

　　先行词被序数词修饰时；

　　先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；

　　先行词前only, just, very, last有等修饰时；

　　先行词是表示人和物混杂的两个名词时；

　　主句是以who, which,开头的疑问句或先行词是疑问代词时；

　　在修饰时间、地点等先行词时，只有用that代替when, where等引导词；

　　【例】I'll never forget the Sunday (that) you first arrived.

　　Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink ?

　　先行词为reason, way (意为“方法”)时，常用that 代替why,which, in which，也可省略。

　　引导词在定语从句中作表语时，多用that引导。

　　先行词是主句表语时；

　　【例】It is a dictionary that will help you a lot.

　　当主语以there be 开头时；

　　当先行词是数词时；

　　同一个复合句里有两个定语从句，一个用which，另一个通常用that。

　　5、reason后面用什么引导？way 后面用什么引导？

　　reason后面的定语从句用why引导。

　　way 后面定语从句用in which 或 that引导that可以省略。

　　6、when引导的定语从句等于什么引导的定语从句？

　　when引导的定语从句等于介词+ which引导的定语从句。

　　7、where 引导的定语从句等于什么引导的定语从句？

　　where 引导的定语从句等于介词＋which引导的定语从句。

　　★8、one of 和 the (only) one of引导的定语从句在主谓一致问题上应注意什么？

　　前者引导的定语从句谓语动词用复数；后者用单数。

　　9、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句有和区别？

　　限制性定语从句是主句不可缺少的一个部分，缺少后主句意思不完整。非限制性定语从句是对主句的`进一步说明，不要从句对主句意义无多大影响；非限制性定语从句前后有逗号隔开。而且非限制性定语从句中不能用that。

　　10、as 和which引导的非限制性定语从句在用法上有什么区别？

　　as和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句．都可以代替主句中的整个内容或某一成分。

　　as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以位于句首，并常和know, see, expect等词连用，意为：“正如……”，而which不能位于句首。

　　11、as 可以用于哪些结构中引导定语从句？

　　such... as； the same... as； so ...as..

　　12、the same…as和 the same…that 引导的定语从句如何区别？

　　the same…as 引导的定语从句指的是相同事物，强调同类。

　　the same…that引导的定语从句指的是同一物。

　　13、such…as …和 such…that…如何区分？

　　such…as…引导的是定语从句，as必须代替先行词在其引导的从句中充当成分。

　　such…that…引导的从句是状语从句，that只是引导从句并不在其引导的从句中充当成分，在选择填空首先看从句中是否缺句子成分，如果缺成分就要考虑是定语从句；如果不缺成分就要考虑是状语成分。

　　★14、whose 引导定语从句有那些注意点？

　　whose 作定语，后面跟名词。一般有三种表示形式：

　　【例】This is the dictionary whose cover has come off.

　　= This is the dictionary the cover of which has come off.

　　= This is the dictionary of which the cover has come off.

　　★★★15、 “介词 + 关系词” 开头的定语从句有哪几种情况？

　　注意：引导定从的介词后不能加who/that

　　（1）先行词在从句中做状语，用来替换when/where/why的：in/on/from/for/in front of + which/whom:

　　（2）“of所有格”： the+名词+ of + which/whom； of + which/whom +… the+名词

　　（3）“某个范围中的多少”： some/both/the former + of + which/whom; of + which/whom … some…

　　（4）偶尔可用“介词+ whose”和“介词+where”

　　三、关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　　1、who指人，在从句中做主语

　　The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

　　2、whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

　　Mr. Liu is the person (whom)you talked about on the bus.

　　【注意】关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

　　The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

　　3、which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

　　Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

　　4、that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

　　The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

　　5、whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

　　He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

　　whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替：

　　The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

　　=The classroom of which the door is broken will soon be repaired.

　　Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

　　=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

　　（注意：the + 名词 + of which/whom常考！）

　　四、介词+关系代词whom/which引导的定语从句（重点）

　　关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导：

　　The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

　　=The school in which he once studied is very famous.

　　【注意】

　　1、含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

　　（1）This is the watch which/that I am lookingfor.(T)

　　（2）This is the watch for which I amlooking. (F)

　　2、若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose

　　（1）The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)

　　（2）The man who/that you talked with is my friend.(F)

　　3、“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most,each, few等代词或者数词，构成some of which/whom等类似结构引导的定语从句。(重点：常考！)

　　（1）He loved his parents dee*, of whom both are very kind to him.

　　（2）In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

　　（3）There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

　　在特定语境中，可以用“介词+ whose/where”引导定语从句

　　The boss in whose department Ms King once worked is a kind man.

　　五、关系副词引导的定语从句

　　1、when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语

　　when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)

　　（1）I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

　　（2）The time when we got together finally came.

　　2、where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语

　　where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)

　　（1）Shanghai is the city where I was born.

　　（2）The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.

　　3、why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语，此时先行词常为reason。可变为for which（常考！）

　　why=for which

　　（1）Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

　　（2）I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.

　　【注意】关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换

　　（1）The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.

　　（2）From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.

　　（3）Great changes have taken place in thecity in which/where I was born.

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展9）

——定语从句例句3篇

定语从句例句1

　　限制性定语从句

　　Can you tell me the date on which the accident happened?

　　你能告诉我这起事故发生的日期吗？

　　Here is the young man about whom we have heard so much.

　　这就是我们经常听说的那位年轻人吗？

　　The school where /in which we are studying is callled the First Middle School.

　　我们就读的那所学校叫第一中学。

　　We’ll go to the place where /at which the accident happpened.

　　我们将要去事故发生的那个地方。

　　The way in which you are doing it is completely crazy.

　　你做这件事的方式非常疯狂。

　　The boss in whose department Mr. King worked had heard about the accident.

　　金先生工作部门的经理听说了关于这次事故的情况。

　　This is the book for which you asked.

　　这就是你要的那本书。

　　The man who talked to you just now is an engineer.

　　刚才和你说话的那个人是一位工程师。

　　I enjoyed the evening that we spent together by the sea.

　　我们一起在海边度过的那个晚上，我过的很愉快。

　　Here is the pen that you lost the day bofore yesterday.

　　这是你前天丢失的那支笔。

　　He is the person I meet in the park yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天在公园里遇到的那个人。

　　The lady who came to our class is from Australia.

　　那位来过我们班的女士来自澳大利亚。

　　The man who shook hands with our teacher just now is Li Lei’s father.

　　刚才和我们老师握手的那个人是李雷的父亲。

　　The book you need is sold out.

　　你需要的那本书卖完了。

　　I’ll never forget the summer holiday I spent with you.

　　我绝不会忘记和你一起过的那个暑假。

　　She is one of the students in our class who are good at English.

　　她是我们班上英语很好的学生之一。

　　He is the only one of my friends who comes from a foreign country.

　　他是我唯一一个来自外国的朋友。

　　That is the place which they just now talked about.

　　那就是他们刚才讨论的地方。

　　You can keep any books that you find.

　　你可以保留你找到的任何书。

　　Is this the only thing that he does for his daughter.?

　　那就是他为女儿做的唯一一件事吗？

　　The storybook I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.

　　我刚才看到的那本故事书不容易忘记。

　　Do you know the person I spoke to just now?

　　你认识刚才和我说话的那个人吗？

　　The first lesson that Miss Lee gave us in the school is unforgettable.

　　李老师在学校给我们上的第一节课令人难忘。

　　Everything that we saw there was interesting.

　　我们在那儿看到的东西都很有趣。

　　Who is the lady that is standing over there withAnn?

　　何安一起站在那儿的那位女士是谁？

　　Wuhan is the hottest city that I have been to.

　　武汉是我去过的最热的城市。

　　I’m interested in all that I have seen。

　　我对我所看到的一切都很感兴趣。

　　Is he the man that talked with your teacher yesterday?

　　他就是昨天与你老师谈话的那个人吗？

　　Have you got the book that you need。

　　你得到你需要的那本书吗？

　　She was not on the train which arrived just now.

　　她不在刚到的这趟火车上。

　　It sounded like a truck that was going by my house.

　　听上去像是一辆卡车正从我家旁边经过。

　　Have you got something that he wanted。

　　你有他要的东西吗？

　　It is the sillest argument that I have heard.

　　那是我听过的最愚蠢的争论。

　　He wants the same book that I have.

　　他想要我有的那本书。

　　The first thing that she would do is to have her hair fixed.

　　她应当做的第一件事情是做个发型。

　　The passengers and the suitcases that were still waiting had to be transferred to another place.

　　仍在等待的乘客和行李只得被转移到另一架飞机上。

　　I will tell you all that I know.

　　我会把我知道的一切都告诉你。

　　The very thing that brought about a complete change in her life was the liberation.

　　正是**给她的命运带来了彻底的转变。

　　That is the very thing I’ve been looking for.

　　那正是我要找的东西。

　　This is the same girl that came to borrow an English book two days ago. 这个女孩就是两天前来借英语书的那个。

　　Rose told me all that had happened to Oliver.

　　露西把奥利佛所发生的事情都告诉了我。

　　Because of my poor memory,everything that you told me has been forgotten.

　　由于我的记忆力不好，你告诉我的所有事情都忘记了。

　　Is there anything that I can do for you?

　　有什么需要我帮忙的吗？

　　These are the happiest hours that we have ever spent.

　　这些都是我们曾一起度过的最快乐的时光。

　　There’s no film that you ‘ll feel interested in.

　　没有你会感兴趣的.电影。

　　Mr. Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework has not been handed in.

　　刘老师要和那些没有交作业的学生谈话。

　　Can you tell me the name of the factory you visited last week.

　　你能告诉我上星期你参观的那家工厂的名字吗？

　　I don’t like the way you speak to her.

　　我不喜欢你对她说话的方式。

　　The most important thing that we should pay attention to is the first thing that I have said.

　　我们应该注意的最重要的事情就是我说过的第一件事。

　　She spent the whole evening talking about things and people that none of us had heard of.

　　她整晚都在谈论那些我们谁也没听说过的人和事。

　　He makes good use of the time that he can spare.

　　他充分利用他能抽出来的时间。

　　He is the only one of the three who has got the new idea.

　　他是三个人中惟一一个想到了这个新主意的人。

　　All that are present burst into tears.

　　所有到场的人都突然大哭起来。

　　He was the only person in his company that was invited.

　　他是他那个公司里惟一一个被邀请的人。

　　The people that were mentioned by him were honest.

　　他所提到的那些人都很诚实。

　　I shall do it in the same way that you did.

　　我要按你的方法去做。

　　Anyone who does this kind of job shouldn’t be careless.

　　谁干这种工作，谁都疏忽不得。

　　Who that has seen him doesn’t like him.

　　见过他的人谁不喜欢他呢？

　　Which is the magazine that you borrowed yesterday?

　　哪本是你昨天借的杂志？

　　I’ll tell you all that I know

　　我会把我知道的一切都告诉你。

　　This is the best movie that I have ever seen

　　这是我看过的最好的电影。

　　You can take any room that you like.

　　你随便要哪个房间都行。

　　Guilin is a beautiful place that people from all over the world want to visit.

　　桂林是个漂亮的地方，全世界的人们都想去游览。

　　There are moments when I forget all about it

　　有时候我完全忘记了这一切。

　　The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that far-away villiage.

　　这部电影使我想起了我在那个遥远的村庄里被悉心照顾的那段时光。

　　My girl friendtold me that December 20 is the day when she was born

　　我的女朋友告诉我说12月20日是她出生的日子。

　　He will never forget the day when he began to learn English.

　　他永远不会忘记他开始学英语的那一天。

　　July and August are the months when the weather is cold in New Zealand.

　　七，八月份是新西兰天气很冷的月份。

　　Do you stilll remember the hours when we had a party in the park?

　　你还记得那次我们在公园开晚会的时光吗？

　　Don’t you remember that day when we first came here?你不记得我们第一次来这儿的那一天了吗？

　　I can never forget the days when we worked together and the days we spent together.

　　我永远忘不了我们一起工作和一起度过的时光。

　　This is the house where I once lived.

　　这就是我曾经住过的房子。

　　The town where my father grew up is not far from here.

　　我爸爸长大的那个小镇离这儿不远。

　　After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.

　　在巴黎生活50年后，他回到了儿时生活的那个小镇。

　　You should make it a rule to leave things at a place where you can find them again.

　　你应该定下个规矩把东西放在你以后能找着的地方。

　　The house in which I spent my childhood isn’t far away.

　　那间让我度过了童年的放在离这儿不远。

　　“The days when /on which I met that famous pop star was the greatest of my life.”said the fan.

　　这位歌迷说：“见到这位著名歌星的那天是我一生最棒的日子。”

　　In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.

　　在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以寻求帮助的人。

　　非限制性定语从句

　　In fact the Swede didn’t understand the threee questions,which were asked in French.

　　事实上，那位瑞典人不理解那三个用法语问的问题。

　　Tracy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, which,of course , made the others unhappy.

　　特雷西总是夸耀她在戏中的角色，这当然令其他人不高兴。

　　He marrried her,which was natural.

　　他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。

　　He said he had never met her,which is not true.

　　他说他从未见过他，这不是真的。

　　The weather turned out to be very good,which we hadn’t expected.

　　结果天气非常好，这是我们没有预料到的。

　　I tried to get out of the business,which I found impossible.

　　我试图从这件事中脱身出来，但我发觉这很难。

　　I have bought such a watch,which was advertised on TV.

　　我买了一块手表，它在电视上做了广告的。

　　He succeeded in the compotition,which made his parents very happy.

　　他在竞赛中取得了成功这让他的父母非常高兴。

　　This summer I want to go to Hangazhou, where there is a beautiful lake.

　　这个夏天我想去杭州，那里有个美丽的湖。

　　Miss Green woirks in a hospital,which is only a 10-minute walk from here.

　　格林**在医院工作，那里离这儿只有10 分钟的路程。

　　I came to London,where I found him

　　我来到了伦敦，在那儿我找到了他。

　　Tom hid himself behind the door ,from where he could hear the steps of his mother clearly.

　　汤姆藏在门背后，从那里他能清楚的听到****脚步声。

　　She will never forget September 1,when she had her first history lesson as a teacher.

　　她永远也不会忘记9月1日。那天她第一天当老师，上的是一节历史课。

　　Mery Smith,who is standing on the cornber,wants to meet you.

　　玛丽．史密斯—在那个角落里站着的那个人——想见你。

　　Her brother,who is a teacher,is strict with her.

　　她的哥哥是位老师，对她要求很严格。

　　We shall have to make a decision about Ms.King ,whose story I’ve just told you.

　　关于金女士，我们得做个决定，她的情况我刚才已经告诉你们了。

　　Have you seen the film, whose leading actor is world famous?

　　你看过《泰坦尼克号》吗？片中的男主角世界闻名。

　　He paid the boy $50 for washing ten windows,most of which had not been cleaned for at least a year.

　　他付给那个男孩50美元洗10个窗子，大部分窗子至少有一年没有洗了。

　　Mr. Brown has written a novel,the name of which I’ve completely forgotten.

　　布朗先生写了一部小说，书名我完全忘记了。

　　Mr. White wrote many articles ,some of which were translated into Chinese.怀特先生写了不少文章，其中一些被译成了中文。

　　He has some novels,all of which are written in Russian.

　　他有一些小说，都是用俄语写的。

　　This kind of book is for children,the native language of whom is Chinese.

　　这种书是供母语是汉语的儿童看的。

托福阅读中的定语从句（扩展10）

——定语从句复习3篇

定语从句复习1

　　对于初中学生朋友，学习是一个循序渐进的过程，需要日积月累。物理网提供了英语定语从句复习重点，希望对大家学习有所帮助。

　　As在定语从句中的用法

　　1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

　　(1)as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。

　　(2)as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：The elephant's nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.

　　(3)the same… that与 the same …as在意思上是不同的。

　　2.As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置

　　as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面.中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的'非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：

　　(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.

　　(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.