英语四级语法全解

　　语法是学习一门语言必备的技能，学好语法能更好掌握一门语言，以下是小编给大家带来的英语四级语法全解，欢迎阅读，希望对你有帮助

　　1. 虚拟语气。

　　强调说话人的主观愿望和假想情况。考生应着重复习能引起虚拟语气的某些介词、介词短语和连词(如lest, in case, otherwise等);一部分表示建议、主张、命令、紧要等概念的词语，由于本身隐含说话人的`主观愿望，其后的主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句往往采用“should+动词原形”;虚拟倒装句;在would rather, wish, as if, it’s time that等句型中使用适当形式表达主观愿望;混合虚拟句。

　　2. 主谓一致。

　　这类考题灵活性大，需要根据实际情况判断谓语动词的单复数形式。一部分具有生命意义的集合名词做主语时谓语动词多采用复数形式，如people, poultry, militia等;用and连接的成分表单一概念时谓语动词用单数;就近原则：主语中含有某些连词(如as well as, besides, in addition to等)时，谓语动词的数同第一个主语保持一致。

　　3. 倒装结构。

　　表示强调或突出，分为全部倒装和部分倒装。那些否定词(组)、介词短语能引起倒装句，部分倒装和全部倒装有和区别，as在倒装结构中的用法及意义等等，都是考生应当重视的地方。

　　4. 非谓语动词。

　　这是词汇与结构考试中语法部分的重中之重，解题时可以从三个方面入手：

　　①根据非谓语动词同其所修饰的名词或逻辑主语的一致关系，确定使用主动语态或被动语态，然后考虑采用现在分词、现在分词被动式或过去分词;

　　②非谓语动词同主句谓语动词动作发生的先后关系。动作正在进行的用现在分词进行式，同时发生或不分先后发生的用现在现在分词一般式或过去分词;在主句谓语动词之前发生的用现在分词完成式、不定式完成式;发生在主句谓语动词之后的多用不定式一般式;

　　③表状态多用分词，表目的多用不定式。

　　5. 独立主格题。

　　一般说来，在句子中没有连接词的情况下，逗号是无力连接两个句子的，其中一个分句要么是非谓语形式，要么是独立主格结构。这两种结构都做状语，不同的是独立主格结构有自己的逻辑主语。

　　6. 时态。

　　英语中一共有16个时态，最常用的5个时态是一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去式、一般将来时和现在完成时。四级考试中出现最多的考点是将来完成时、现在完成时、过去完成时和完成进行时。针对这一题型，考生首先要抓住的就是时间状语，是现在时间、将来时间还是过去时间?是短暂时间还是延续性时间?

　　7. 名词性从句。

　　形容词性的定语从句是考核的重点，用什么引导词，引导词前面的介词形式，引导词在从句中做什么成分(做宾语、主语还是状语等)，从句的语序等等均有可能成为考点。此外，主语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句也应适当复习。

　　延伸阅读：

　　1. I appreciate ________ to your home.

　　A) to be invited

　　B) to have invited

　　C) having invited

　　D) being invited(D)

　　2. I hope my teacher will take my recent illnessinto ________ when judging my examination.

　　A) regard

　　B) counting

　　C) account

　　D) observation(C)

　　3. You ________ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.

　　A) needn’t have done

　　B) must not have done

　　C) shouldn’t have done

　　D) can not have clone(A)

　　4. Important people don’t often have much free time as their work ________ all theirtime.

　　A) takes away

　　B) takes over

　　C) takes up

　　D) takes in(C)

　　5. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ________it.

　　A) got off

　　B) got across

　　C) got away

　　D) got over(D)

　　6. Many people complain of the rapid ________ of modern life.

　　A) rate

　　B) speed

　　C) pace

　　D) growth(C)

　　7. San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles ________.

　　A) is rarely

　　B) rarely is

　　C) hardly is

　　D) is scarcely(B)

　　8. The speaker, ________ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by theaudience.

　　A) having known

　　B) being known

　　C) knowing

　　D) known(D)

　　9. American women were ________ the right to vote until 1920 after many years ofhard struggle.

　　A) ignored

　　B) neglected

　　C) refused

　　D) denied(D)

　　10. I couldn’t find ________, and so I took this one.

　　A) a large enough coat

　　B) an enough large coat

　　C) a large coat enough

　　D) a coat enough large(A)

　　(1) 改变时态

　　The bell is ringing now. (一般)

　　There goes the bell! (高级)

　　(2) 改变语态

　　People suggests that the meeting be put off. (一般)

　　It is suggested that the meeting be put off. (高级)

　　(3 )使用过去分词

　　Lisa walked out of the room and many guys followed her. (一般)

　　Followed by many guys, Lisa walked out of the lab. (高级)

　　(4) 使用v-ing 形式

　　When she arrives, please give me a call. (一般)

　　On her arriving, please give me a call. (高级)

　　(5) 使用不定式

　　He is so kind that he can do me a favor. (一般)

　　He is so kind as to do me a favor. (高级)

　　(6) 使用虚拟语气

　　The patient didn’t die because there were the efforts of the doctor. (一般)

　　But for the efforts of the doctor, the patient would have died. (高级)

　　(7) 使用强调句型

　　I was born in 1987. (一般)

　　It was in 1987 that I was born. (高级)

　　(8) 使用倒装

　　Though I’m sick, I’ll carry on. (一般)

　　Sick as I am, I’ll carry on. (高级)

　　(9) 使用并列句

　　If you go through the gate, you’ll find me. (一般)

　　Go through the gate, and you’ll find me. (高级)

　　(10) 使用名词性从句

　　She happened to have met him. (一般)

　　It happened that she had met him. (高级)

　　(11) 使用定语从句

　　The girl is spoken highly of. Her homework was well done. (一般)

　　The girl whose homework was well done is spoken highly of. (高级)

　　(12) 使用状语从句

　　I won’t believe what he says. (一般)

　　No matter what he says, I won’t believe. (高级)

　　动词加介词

　　Vi + prep: prevail on, appeal to, fall into, apply for, touch upon

　　Vt + O + prep: lay emphasis on, take advantage of等

　　Vi + adv + prep:

　　I don’t wish to break in on your thoughts.

　　The family came up against fresh problems.

　　You’re not telling me the whole story. You’re holding out on me.

　　She got off with him soon after she began to work at the institution.

　　Vt + O + adv +prep:

　　You shouldn’t take your resentment out on me.

　　We shouldn’t put the shortage down to bad planning.