动词不定式用法小结(精选3篇)
- 1动词不定式用法小结
- 2动词不定式用法小结[1]
- 3初中英语动词不定式用法小结
告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球，下面的动词只能加不定式作宾语，我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣，下面的动词只能加不定式作宾语补足语，等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动。
动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
一. 作主语例如：
To be a doctor is hard.
做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.
学好英语不容易。
动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：
It is hard to be a doctor.
It is not easy to learn English well. 再如：
It’s important to plant trees in spring.
如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例：
It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.
对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。
联系：It is important for students __ English every day.
二. 作表语：
动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.
他的工作是开车。
My job is to feed animals.
我的工作是饲养动物。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.
她的理想是当医生。
My wish is ________ a teacher.
A. becomingB. to become C. become D. became
三. 作宾语
动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
I want to tell you a story.
我想给你讲个故事。
They begin to work at eight every morning.
他们每天早晨8点开始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.
别忘了锁门。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？
*如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般拾to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.
他想和我们一起去游泳。
（2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。
I find it interesting to learn English with you.
我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。
He found it hard to catch up with others.
他觉得赶上别人很困难。
四. 作宾语补足语。例如：
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.
老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.
老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。
Please let me help you.
让我来帮助你。
动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式：
1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语：
tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth.
例：The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.
I want you to go now.
我想让你现在就走。
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.
她父母亲希望她当老师。
2.拾to”的不定式作宾语补足语：
Let / make / have sb. do sth.
Let the boy go out now.
让那个男孩出去。
The boy made the baby cry.
男孩弄哭了这个小孩。
see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb. do sth.
I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.
昨天我看见学生们在操场打篮球。
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.
我经常听到女孩在隔壁唱歌。
3.可省可不省的：
help sb. （to）do sth.
I often help my mother （to）do housework.
我经常帮妈妈做家务。
*动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 例：
（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.
告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。
（2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 例：
Let the boy not go.
让那个男孩别走。
（3）如果将主动语态变为被动语态时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语，动词不定式则不拾to”，即原来省的再加上，例：
The boy made the baby cry.
The baby was made to cry by the boy.
那个孩子被男孩弄哭了。
五. 动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例：
Who was the first one to arrive?
谁第一个到的？
She has no paper to write on?
她没有纸写字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.
学英语最好的方法是使用它。
When is the best time to plant vegetables?
什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间？
Do you have something to drink?
你这有喝的吗？
*动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例：
I have no chair to sit on.
我没有椅子坐。
He has no house to live in.
他没有房子祝
六. 动词不定式作目的状语：
动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。
He went to see his sister yesterday.
他昨天去看妹妹了。
They got up early to catch the early bus.
他们早起去赶早班车。
有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例：
To early English quickly and well, he went to England.
为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。
七. 不定式和疑问词连用，可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语等。例：
The problem is where to get a computer. （表语）
No one knows how to do it.
没有人知道如何做这件事。（宾）
I really don’t know which one to choose. （宾）
我真的不知道选哪一个。
When and where to have the party is not known. （主语）
何时何地举行联欢还不知道。
*不定式和疑问词连用作宾语时有时可以改为宾语从句。例：
I don’t know what to do next.
我不知下一步该做什么？
I don’t know what I should do next.
（答题时间：30分钟）
一. 选择填空：
1. He asked me ________ here earlier.
A. come B. to come C. coming D. came
2. Please tell him _______ on the wall.
A. don’t drawB. to not drawC. not to drawD. not draw
3. He wanted ________ a cup of tea.
A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. had
4. I’d like ________ a word with you.
A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. have
5. I came here _______ my uncle.
A. saw B. to see C. seeingD. to be seen
6. The man refused （拒绝）________ back his words.
A. to takeB. taking C. took D. takes
7. I can let you ________ one ticket.
A. to haveB. have C. havingD. had
8. We often heard him _________ in his room.
A. to singB. singsC. sangD. sing
9. He was made ________ day and night.
A. work B. workingC. to work D. worked
10. He stopped ______ a look, but saw nothing.
A. havingB. to haveC. haveD. had
11. My father was too angry _________ a word.
A. to sayB. not to sayC. to saying D. didn’t say
12. My brother was old enough ________ to school.
A. wentB. goes C. going D. to go
13. It is time ________ him ________ supper.
A. of, to have B. for, to haveC. of, havingD. for, to has
14. It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.
A. of, to help B. for, to help C. of, help D. of, helping
15. It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.
A. kept B. to keepC. to giveD. keep
16. Before liberation （解放）they had no chance _______ to school.
A. wentB. goC. to goD. to be gone
17. He said he had an important meeting ________.
A. attendB. would attend C. attending D. to attend
18. Please give me a piece of paper ________.
A. to write B. to write on C. writingD. to write it
19. I don’t know _______.
A. what doB. what will doC. what to do D. do what
20. Your radio needs ________.
A. to be repaired B. to repairC. repaired D. to repairing
21. My wish is ________ a teacher.
A. becomingB. to become C. become D. became
22. I want ________ him a letter now.
A. to write B. not write C. writeD. wrote
23. It took us three days _________ the trees.
A. plantB. plantedC. to plant D. plants
24. Why not ________ here _______ me?
A. to come, to seeB. come, to see C. came, seeing D. come, see
25. He wishes me ______ my best _________ hard at English.
A. to do, to workB. doing, workingC. to do, working D. do, work
26. Please tell me ________ her. I have something _______ her.
A. where to find, telling B. where to find, to tell
C. where can find, to tellD. where finding, telling
27. How happy they are ______ each other again!
A. to see B. see C. saw D. being seen
28. They decided （决心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.
A. to write, expressing（表达）
B. writing, express
C. write, expressed
D. to write, to express
29. The officer ordered （命令）him _______ down _________ a rest.
A. lying, haveB. to lie, to have C. to lie, having D. lie, had
30. The headmaster called on （号召）us ______ hard for our country.
A. to work B. worked C. work D. to working
二. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。
1. He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything.
He was too angry _______ ______ anything.
2. I don’t know when we will have the meeting.
I don’t know when _______ _______ the meeting.
3. He said he would write a letter.
He said he would have a letter ______ _______.
4. That you read English in the morning is very important.
It is very important _____ you _____ _______ English in the morning.
5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头）
He was strong _____ _____ ______ the stone.
6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.
His father went to Beijing ________ ______ his holiday.
7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early _____ ______ _______ ______ there in time.
8. His brother decided that he would buy the book.
His brother decided _____ _______ the book.
9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.
He hopes _____ _______ the Great Wall.
10.I saw him go into the room.
He was seen _____ ______ into the room.
11.We made him work five hours a day.
He was made _____ ______ five hours a day.
12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?
Do you have anything _____ _____ for yourself?
13.We don’t know what we shall do next.
We don’t know what ____ _______ next.
14.I’m very sorry on hearing the bad news.
I’m very sorry _____ _______ the bad news.
15.He stopped and had a look at me.
He stopped _____ ______ a look at me.
16.I helped him with his English.
I helped him _____ ______ English.
17.My father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike.My father promised ____ ______ me a bike.
18.The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
The box is too heavy ______ me _______ _______.
19.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog.
The boy ordered his dog ______ ______ down.
20.“Don’t make any noise, ”she said to me.
She told me ______ _______ ________ any noise.
一.
1. B2. C3. A4. C 5. B 6. A
7. B8. D9. C10. B11. A12. D
13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C17. D18. B
19. C 20. A 21. B 22. A23. C24. B
25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D29. B30. A
二.
1. to say2. to have 3. to write 4. for, to, read
5. enough, to lift 6. to spend7. in, order, to, get
8. to buy9. to visit10. to go 11. to work 12. to say
13. to do14. to hear15. to have 16. to learn（study）
17. to buy 18. for, to carry19. to lie20. not, to make
动词不定式用法小结[1]
动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
一. 作主语例如：
To be a doctor is hard.
做医生很难。
To learn English well is not easy.
学好英语不容易。
动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为：
It is hard to be a doctor.
It is not easy to learn English well. 再如：
It’s important to plant trees in spring.
如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例：
It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.
对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。
It is important for students to use English every day.
对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。
总结：it is +adj for sb to do sth.
二. 作表语：
动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.
他的工作是开车。
My job is to feed animals.
我的工作是饲养动物。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.
她的理想是当医生。
三. 作宾语
动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
下面的动词只能加不定式作宾语:
1.agree to do sth2.arrange to do sth http://baogao. cide to do sth 4.hope to do sth 同意做某事安排做某事 决定做某事希望做某事
5.ought to do sth6.promise to do sth 7.refuse to do sth8.seem to do sth
应该做某事 承诺做某事 拒绝做某事好像做某事1
9.want to do sth10.plan to do sth11. pretend to do sth 12.wish to do sth 想要做某事计划做某事假装做某事 希望做某事
12.prepare to do sth 13.appear to do stn 14.disagree to do sth
准备做某事好像做某事不同意做某事
I want to tell you a story.
我想给你讲个故事。
They begin to work at eight every morning.
他们每天早晨8点开始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.
别忘了锁门。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？
*如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般拾to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.
他想和我们一起去游泳。
（2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。
I find it interesting to learn English with you.
我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。
He found it hard to catch up with others. 他觉得赶上别人很困难。
四. 作宾语补足语
下面的动词只能加不定式作宾语补足语：
1.elect sb to do sth 2.allow sb to do sth http://baogao. l sb to do sth 4.ask sb to do sth选举某人做某事 允许某人做某事告诉某人做某事 问某人做某事
例如：
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.
老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.
老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。
Please let me help you.
让我来帮助你。
动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语
补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see,
watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动
词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式：
1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语：
tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth.
例：The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.
I want you to go now.
我想让你现在就走。
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.
她父母亲希望她当老师。
2.拾to”的不定式作宾语补足语：四“看”：look at, observe, see, watch， 三“让”：have, let,
make
二“听”：hear, listen to 一“感觉”：feel 一“注意”：notice
例如：Let / make / have sb. do sth.
2
Let the boy go out now.
让那个男孩出去。
The boy made the baby cry.
男孩弄哭了这个小孩。
see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb. do sth.
I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.
昨天我看见学生们在操场打篮球。
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.
我经常听到女孩在隔壁唱歌。
3.可省可不省的：
help sb. （to）do sth.
I often help my mother （to）do housework.
我经常帮妈妈做家务。
*动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 例：
（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.
告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。
（2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 例：
Let the boy not go.
让那个男孩别走。
（3）如果将主动语态变为被动语态时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语，动词不定式则不拾to”，即原来省的再加上，例：
The boy made the baby cry.
The baby was made to cry by the boy.
那个孩子被男孩弄哭了。
五. 动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例：
Who was the first one to arrive?
谁第一个到的？
She has no paper to write on?（介词一定不能省略）。
她没有纸写字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.
学英语最好的方法是使用它。
When is the best time to plant vegetables?
什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间？
Do you have something to drink?
你这有喝的吗？
*动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例：
I have no chair to sit on.
我没有椅子坐。
He has no house to live in.
他没有房子祝
3
六. 动词不定式作目的状语：
动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。 He went to see his sister yesterday.
他昨天去看妹妹了。
They got up early to catch the early bus.
他们早起去赶早班车。
有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例： To early English quickly and well, he went to England.
为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。
七. 不定式和疑问词连用，可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语等。例： The problem is where to get a computer. （表语）
No one knows how to do it.
没有人知道如何做这件事。（宾）
I really don’t know which one to choose. （宾）
我真的不知道选哪一个。
When and where to have the party is not known. （主语）
何时何地举行联欢还不知道。
*不定式和疑问词连用作宾语时有时可以改为宾语从句。例：
I don’t know what to do next.
我不知下一步该做什么？
I don’t know what I should do next.
下面的动词既可以加不定式也可以加动名词：
你知道一下几个词组的汉语意思吗？
1.like to do sth2.forget to do sth2.stop to do sth 4.remember to do sthdoing sthdoing sth doing sthdoing sth 喜欢做某事忘记做某事 喜爱做某事讨厌做某事 下面的动词只能加动名词：
1.suggest doing sth 2.practise doing sth 3.enjoy doing sth4.finish doing sth建议做某事练习做某事 喜爱做某事 完成做某事
（答题时间：30分钟）
一. 选择填空：
1. He asked me ________ here earlier.
A. come B. to come C. coming D. came
2. Please tell him _______ on the wall.
A. don’t drawB. to not draw C. not to drawD. not draw
3. He wanted ________ a cup of tea.
A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. had
4. I’d like ________ a word with you.
A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. have
4
5. I came here _______ my uncle.
A. saw B. to see C. seeingD. to be seen
6. The man refused （拒绝）________ back his words.
A. to take B. taking C. tookD. takes
7. I can let you ________ one ticket.
A. to haveB. haveC. havingD. had
8. We often heard him _________ in his room.
A. to sing B. singsC. sang D. sing
9. He was made ________ day and night.
A. work B. working C. to workD. worked
10. He stopped ______ a look, but saw nothing.
A. having B. to haveC. haveD. had
11. My father was too angry _________ a word.
A. to sayB. not to sayC. to sayingD. didn’t say
12. My brother was old enough ________ to school.
A. went B. goes C. goingD. to go
13. It is time ________ him ________ supper.
A. of, to haveB. for, to haveC. of, having D. for, to has
14. It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.
A. of, to help B. for, to helpC. of, help D. of, helping
15. It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.
A. kept B. to keepC. to giveD. keep
16. Before liberation （解放）they had no chance _______ to school.
A. went B. goC. to goD. to be gone
17. He said he had an important meeting ________.
A. AttendB. would attend C. attendingD. to attend
18. Please give me a piece of paper ________.
A. to write B. to write on C. writing D. to write it
19. I don’t know _______.
A. what doB. what will doC. what to do D. do what
20. Your radio needs ________.
A. to be repairedB. to repair C. repaired D. to repairing
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21. My wish is ________ a teacher.
A. becoming B. to becomeC. becomeD. became
22. I want ________ him a letter now.
A. to writeB. not write C. writeD. wrote
23. It took us three days _________ the trees.
A. plant B. planted C. to plantD. plants
24. Why not ________ here _______ me?
A. to come, to seeB. come, to see C. came, seeingD. come, see
25. He wishes me ______ my best _________ hard at English.
A. to do, to workB. doing, working C. to do, working D. do, work
26. Please tell me ________ her. I have something _______ her.
A. where to find, telling B. where to find, to tell
C. where can find, to tellD. where finding, telling
27. How happy they are ______ each other again!
A. to seeB. seeC. saw D. being seen
28. They decided （决心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.
A. to write, expressing（表达）
B. writing, express
C. write, expressed
D. to write, to express
29. The officer ordered （命令）him _______ down _________ a rest.
A. lying, haveB. to lie, to have C. to lie, having D. lie, had
30. The headmaster called on （号召）us ______ hard for our country.
A. to work B. worked C. work D. to working
二. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。
1. He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything.
He was too angry _______ ______ anything.
2. I don’t know when we will have the meeting.
I don’t know when _______ _______ the meeting.
3. He said he would write a letter.
He said he would have a letter ______ _______.
4. That you read English in the morning is very important.
It is very important _____ you _____ _______ English in the morning.
5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头）
He was strong _____ _____ ______ the stone.
6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday.
His father went to Beijing ________ ______ his holiday.
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7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early _____ ______ _______ ______ there in time.
8. His brother decided that he would buy the book.
His brother decided _____ _______ the book.
9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.
He hopes _____ _______ the Great Wall.
10.I saw him go into the room.
He was seen _____ ______ into the room.
11.We made him work five hours a day.
He was made _____ ______ five hours a day.
12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?
Do you have anything _____ _____ for yourself?
13.We don’t know what we shall do next.
We don’t know what ____ _______ next.
14.I’m very sorry on hearing the bad news.
I’m very sorry _____ _______ the bad news.
15.He stopped and had a look at me.
He stopped _____ ______ a look at me.
16.I helped him with his English.
I helped him _____ ______ English.
17.My father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike.My father promised ____ ______ me a bike.
18.The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
The box is too heavy ______ me _______ _______.
19.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog.
The boy ordered his dog ______ ______ down.
20.“Don’t make any noise, ”she said to me.
She told me ______ _______ ________ any noise.
一.
1. B 2. C3. A4. C 5. B 6. A
7. B 8. D 9. C10. B 11. A12. D
13. B14. A 15. B16. C17. D18. B
19. C20. A 21. B 22. A23. C24. B
25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B30. A
二.
1. to say 2. to have3. to write4. for, to, read
5. enough, to lift 6. to spend7. in, order, to, get
8. to buy9. to visit10. to go 11. to work 12. to say
13. to do14. to hear15. to have 16. to learn（study）
17. to buy 18. for, to carry19. to lie20. not, to make
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外研版初二英语（上）Module 9 动词不定式练习题
Ⅰ单项选择(45%)
1.Would you please tell me
A. how to doB. what to do C. what do I do D. how I should do
2.The girl wasn't
A. too strong B. enough strongC. strong enoughD. so strong
3.For a time his grandmother found accept his new idea.
A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to
4.As she has never been there before, I'll have someone
A. show B. to show C. showingD. showed
5.You
A. had ratherB. would rather C. had betterD. would better
6.Nothing can make the brave soldier
A. turn against B. to turn against C. to turn to D. turn to
7.In the old days it was difficult for the poor
A. find B. to find C. look D. to look for
8.When learning a foreign language, try our best
A. master B. hold C. take hold of D. to master
9.It was foolish
A. for him to leaveB. of him to leave C. for him leave D. him to leave
10.Remember
A. putting backB. put backC. to put backD. will put back
11.Napoleon spoke so loudly as to
A. hearB. be heard
C. listenD. be listened to
http://baogao. evision and radio
A. made it possible of us
B. have made us possible
C. have made it possible for us
D. have made it be possible for us
13.I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry A. for leavingB. to leave
C. if leaving D. to have left
14.I don't see how I could possible manage .
A. to finish； helping
B. to finish；being helped
C. finishing；helping
D. finishing；being helped
15.We all think it most foolish
A. for you making B. of you to make
C. you to makeD. for you to make
16.Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still A. a good place which to be lived in
B. a good place to live
C. a good place to live in
D. a good place to live for
17.—You were lost on your way to the lake, weren't you?
—Yes, we were and had to stop
A. asking B.to ask C. askedD. to be asked
18.She felt it a great shame so severely in the presence of her boy friend.
A. to criticize B. to have criticized
C. to be criticized D. to have been criticized
19.The advertisements are trying
A. persuadeB. persuading
C. be persuadingD. to persuade
20.If you were much younger, I would arrangeas the general manager, for all your colleagues speak highly of your work.
A.for you to work B.of you to work
C.for you work D.you work
21.On our way back home, we lunch because we felt hungry.
A.stopped to haveB.stop to have
C.stopped havingD.stoped to have
22.I did nothing but
A.go over B.to go over C.went over D.go on
23.I'd prefer
A.to stay; to takeB.stay; to take
C.to stay; takeD.stay; take
24.He was so follish
A.to leaveB.that leave
C.as to leaveD.for him to leave
25.Your flat needs. Do you want me it for you?
A.to clean; to doB.cleaning; doing
C.cleaning; to doD.to be cleaned; doing
26.What the scientist said greatly encouraged us his secretary's words discouraged us the experiment any more.
A.to try; to do B.to try; from doing
C.for trying; from doingD.trying; to do
27.water before breakfast seemed to them a rule never .
A.To get; breaksB.To get; to break
C.Getting; breaksD.Get; to break
28.The patient was warned
A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating
29."Do you have any clothes
A.washB.to be washed
C.to washD.to be washing
30.Mr. Green has never smoked any more since his wifeA.suggested; to give it up
B.persuaded; to give up it
C.advised; to give it up
D.persuaded; to give it up
Ⅱ.把下列的定语从句和同位语从句改为不定式短语(15%)
1.There are still a lot of difficulties we have to overcome.
2.Before the machines leave the factory, there is a series of tests that must be passed.
3.At the end of the speech he expressed the desire that he should come and work in China someday.
4.They signed an agreement that they should expand the trade between the two countries.
5.The commander gave orders that we should crothe river.
Ⅲ.把下列的状语从句改为不定式短语(15/%)
1.She was excited when she heard the news.
2.I'm glad I have seen your mother.
3.The mother was pleased when she saw her son doing so well at school.
4. He was very happy when he saw us so happy.
5. They will be disappointed when they hear it.
Ⅵ.把下列的结果状语从句改为 enough to 或 too…to 短语(25/%)
1.The room is so large that it can hold one hundred people.
2.The room is so small that it can't hold one hundred people.
3.The text is so easy that a child can understand it.
4.The text is so difficult that a child can't understand it.
5.He is so short that he can't be a good basketball player.
参考答案
Ⅰ.1.B2.C3.C4.A5.C6.A7.B8.D9.B10.C
11.B12.C13.B14.B15.B16.C17.B18.C19.D20.A
21.A22.A23.C24.C25.C26.B27.B28.C29.B30.D
Ⅱ.1.There are still a lot of difficulties for us to overcome.
2.Before the machines leave the factory, there is a series of tests to be passed/to pass.
3.At the end of his speech he expressed the desire to come an
d work in China someday.
4.They signed an agreement to expand the trade between the two countries.
5.The commander gave us orders to crothe river.
Ⅲ.1.She was excited to hear the news.
2.I'm glad to have seen your mother.
3.The mother was pleased to see her son doing so well at school.
4.He was very happy to see us so happy.
5.They will be disappointed to hear it.
Ⅳ.1.The room is large enough to hold one hundred people.
2.The room is too small (not large enough) to hold one hundred people.
3.The text is easy enough for a child to understand.
4.The text is too difficult (not easy enough) for a child to understand.
5.He is too short (not tall enough )to be a good basketball player
初中英语动词不定式用法小结
动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，又叫非谓语动词，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语；它由“to+动词原形”构成，这里的to是动词不定式符号，本身没有词义，其否定形式常在to前加not；由于它仍保持动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，还可以带疑问词和由for引出其逻辑主语等形成动词不定式短语；不定式或不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等句子成分。为使同学们更好地掌握其用法，现总结如下：
一、动词不定式作主语
动词不定式作主语时，为避免句子的头重脚轻，常用it作为形式主语，而真正的主语动词不定式后置。如要说明动作的执行者，可在不定式前加for引导的短语；但如果表语是nice, kind, clever等描述动作执行者的性格、品质的形容词时，则应在不定式前加of引导的短语。常用句型:It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.
二、动词不定式作宾语
一些动词，如want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接动词不定式作宾语。当动词不定式作宾语时，如果后接宾语补足语，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。应注意有些动词后面可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但所表达的意义不同。常见的有：（1）stop to do sth.停止正在做的事，去做另一件事；stop doing sth. .停止正在做的事（2）go on to do sth. 做完一件事后，继续做另一件事；go on doing sth.继续做同一件事
（3）remember/forget to do sth.记住／忘记去做某事；remember/forget doing sth. 记得／忘记做过某事
三、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作后置定语时，与被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系。如果动词不定式是不及物动词时，则要带上与之搭配的介词，构成及物动词短语。动词不定式作后置定语常用于“have/has ＋某事＋to do”或“enough＋名词＋to do”“It’s time to do sth.”等结构中。
四、动词不定式作宾语补足语
有些动词，如tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。应注意动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to，在被动语态中应加上to。这些动词可归纳为“一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)(即在动词help后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无)”。另有口诀帮助记忆：“感使动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。”(let不用于被动语态)
五、动词不定式作状语
动词不定式作状语主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，结果或原因。为了强调目的，有时可以把动词不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as。常用结构有too + adj./adv. + to dosth.等。
六、固定句式中动词不定式的用法
在固定句式中对不定式的考察常见的有：had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please (not) do sth.?等。
动词不定式专项训练题：
一、单项选择。
1. _______ is difficult to work out the maths problem.
A. This B. ThatC. It D. Its
2. We decided _______ at the end of this month.
A. travelB. not start out C. to leaveD. going
3. They have no paper_______.
A. to writeB. to write with C. write onD .to write on
4. Let him _______ a rest. I think he must be tired after the long walk.
A. has B. haveC. to haveD. having
5. _______the computer is a problem.
A. How to use B. What to use C. Where to use D. Which to use
6. The teacher told us _______in bed.
A. don’t readB. read notC. to not read D. not to read
7. The old man was _______angry _______ say a word.
A. so, thatB. as, asC. too, toD. very, to
8. Why _______home tomorrow?
A. not goB. not going C. not to go D. didn’t go
9. The TV set is too loud. Will you please _______?
A. turn down itB. turn it down C. to turn it down D. to turn down it
10. It’s cold outside. You had better _______ your coat.
A. to put onB. putting on C. puts onD. put on
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. It took half an hour _______(get) to the World Park from Kitty’s school.
2. It was interesting _______(see) so many places of interest from all over the world.
3. They want _______(save) time by using shorter words and phrases.
4. Kitty’s classmate Daniel taught himself how _______(make) a home page.
5. Things _______(do) in Beijing
6. He put his photos on it for everyone _______(look) at.
7. Help him _______(put) the photos in the correct order.
8. He made the girl _______(cry) yesterday.
9. It’s time for class. Please stop _______(talk).
10. I’d like _______(go) to the Temple of Heaven.
参考答案：
一、1—5 CCDBA 6—10 DCABD
二、1. to get 2. to see 3. to save4. to make5. to do
6. to look 7. (to)put 8. cry9. talking 10. to go
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