形容词比较级和最高级的用法
形容词比较级和最高级的用法
形容词比较级和最高级的用法
为了使九年级同学们在复习英语的过程中,更加全面、深入、系统地掌握英语语法知识,提高英语复习质量,特为九年级同学介绍初中英语语法系列知识,希望对我区九年级同学复习英语有所帮助。今天介绍形容词的比较级和最高级的用法。
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。
Our teacher is taller than we are.
我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It is warmer today than it was yesterday.
今天的天气比昨天暖和。
This picture is more beautiful than that one.
这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
This meeting is less important than that one.
这次会议不如那次会议重要。
The sun is much bigger than the moon.
太阳比月亮大得多。
形容词最高级的用法:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。
She is the best student in her class.
她是班上最好的学生。
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
This is the biggest apple I have ever met.
这是我见到的最大的苹果。
Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team.
汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
几个特殊用法:
most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示
在这儿太危险。
I cannot do it, it's most difficult.
我干不了这件事,太难了。
The more you study, the more you know.
你学的.越多, 就知道的越多。
The more I have, the more I want.
我越有就越想要有。
The more, the better.
越多越好。
天气越来越热了.
It's pity he is getting poorer and poorer.第一文库网
真可怜他越来越穷了。
The computer is cheaper and cheaper.
计算机越来越便宜。
The more and more people focus on the meeting next year. 越来越多的人关注明年的会议。
主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine.
这个盒子和我的一样大。
This coat is as cheap as that one.
这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。
I study English as hard as my brother.
我同我兄弟一样学习努力。
用形容词表示类别和整体
the + 形容词 表示某种人。
He always helps the poor.
他经常帮助穷人。
I like to have a talk with the young.
我喜欢同年轻人谈话。
The rich sometimes complain their empty life.
富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活。
The police led the old man across the street.
警察领老人横过马路。
以-ly结尾的形容词
1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively, ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。 改错:(错) She sang lovely.
(错) He spoke to me very friendly.
(对) Her singing was lovely.
(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.
2)有些以-ly 结尾的词既为形容词,也为副词。
daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early
The Times is a daily paper.
The Times is published daily.
多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:
限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词
a small round table
a tall gray building
a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school
an expensive Japanese sports car
一般与被修饰名词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:
限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+
those + three + beautiful + large + square
新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词
old + brown + wood + table good, well
better
best
ill, bad, badly
worse
worst
little
less
least
old
older
elder
oldest
eldest
many, much
more
most
far
farther
further
farthest (表距离)
furthest (表程度)
late
later
latter
latest (用于时间)
last (用于顺序)
规则:
形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化
规则变化
(1)一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词(或副词)比较级+er , 最高级+est clever-cleverer-cleverest few-fewer-fewest small-smaller-smallest等
(2)以e结尾的词,比较级+r,最高级+st即可
nice-nicer-nicest
cute-cuter-cutest
large-larger-largest
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i+er或est
easy-easier-easiest
happy-happier-happiest
再如:early , busy , heavy , dirty , lazy . 也如此
(4)双写最后一个辅音字母+er或est的词同学要用心去记。
1. fat-fatter-fattest
2. thin-thinner-thinnest
3. hot-hotter-hottest
4. red-redder-reddest
5. wet-wetter-wettest
6. big-bigger-biggest
(5)多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前+more构成比较级,+the most构成最高级。 beautiful -more beautiful - the most beautiful .
delicious , popular , important ,
interesting , expensive
双音节的词如
careful-more careful -the most careful
useful -more useful -the most useful .
少数单音节词也是这样如:
pleased-more pleased -the most pleased
tired-more tried -the most tired
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