英语语法五大基本句型

　　英语句子是由主语(subject)、 谓语动词(verb)、宾语(object)、表语(predicative)、状语(adverbial)、宾语补足语(object complement)等成分组成。以下是小编整理的英语语法五大基本句型，我们一起看看吧!

　　一There be 句型

　　1、解释：“……地方有……”;

　　2、结构：

　　There be + 主语 + 地点状语

　　eg：There are some apples on the table.

　　3、考点：主谓一致

　　(1)be 后名词是单数名词或不可数名词，be 用 is 或者 was;后接可数名词复数则用 are 或were。

　　eg：

　　There is an apple in the fridge.

　　There is some milk in the fridge.

　　There isn’t any / is no money in the box.

　　There are many girls in the room.

　　(2)如果 be 后面是几个并列名词作主语，be 的`单复数和最靠近的名词保持一致——就近原则。

　　eg：

　　There is a book and two pencils on the desk.

　　There are two pencils and a book on the desk.

　　二主系表

　　1、结构：主语+系动词+表语

　　eg：

　　He is good.

　　He is a good student.

　　2、系动词：

　　必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语才能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫系动词。

　　常见系动词：

　　(1)be 动词——is/am/are/was/were

　　(2)感官动词——feel/look/sound/taste/smell

　　(3)表转变动词——get/grow/become/go

　　eg：

　　感官动词主系表——It looks perfect. 它看上去真完美。

　　表转变动词主系表——The sky grew dark./ It became dirty.

　　3、考点：系动词后面跟形容词

　　eg：

　　He looks at her happily.(happily 修饰 look at，look at 解释为看着，look 是实义动词)

　　He looks happy when he sees her.(look 不及物，这里没有跟介词，单独行动，翻译/为“看上去”，是系动词，后跟形容词。)

　　三主谓宾

　　1、结构：主语+谓语+宾语

　　主语：动作发出者;

　　谓语：动作本身(实义动词);

　　宾语：动作承受者

　　eg：I walk a bear. 我溜一只熊。

　　四主谓宾宾

　　结构：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语

　　双宾语：直接宾语(物);间接宾语(人)——物直人间

　　eg：

　　I give him the book.

　　I give the book to him.

　　谓语后跟间接宾语时，直接宾语前不需要介词;谓语后跟直接宾语时，间接宾语前加介词 to/for。

　　五主谓宾宾补

　　结构：主语+谓语+宾语+宾补

　　宾补：一个宾语不能完整表达出意思，需要加一个补充成分来补足宾语使句意完整。

　　eg：

　　He made me happy.

　　I keep the room tidy.

　　My mother saw me doing housework.

　　六能力检测走起

　　一星题

　　There___ not ____ milk in the cup on the table .

　　A. are, many B. are , much

　　C. is ,many D. is ,much

　　2. How many ___ are there in the room ?

　　A. apple B. students

　　C. milk D. paper

　　3. There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.

　　A. is a B. are some

　　C. has a D. have some

　　4. Yesterday was my birthday. My mother ____.

　　A. made a cake to me B. made a cake me

　　C. made for me a cake D. made me a cake

　　5. -Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday?

　　-Oh, that _______ good.

　　A. feels B.looks

　　C smells D.sounds

　　两星题

　　1. There ____ a lot of good news in today's newspaper.

　　A. is B. are

　　C. was D. were

　　2. Roses in bloom smell ____.

　　A. sweetly B. sweet

　　C. sweeten D. sweetness

　　翻译：(如有单词提示，请用提示单词)

　　1. 我昨晚看见爸爸在工作。(并写出句型)

　　2. 他变得很生气。(get)(并写出句型)

　　3. 我给妈妈买了一本书。(通过变换宾语位置翻译出两句句子，并写出句型)

　　三星题

　　1. - Is this the last exam we have to take ? - No, but there ____ another test three months later from now.

　　A. will be going to B. is

　　C. will be D. has been

　　2. There ______ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few years.

　　A. is B. are

　　C. will be D. have been

　　3. There ________ a football match on TV this evening.

　　A. will have B. is going to be

　　C. has D. is going to have

　　4. Canned food does not go ____.

　　A. bad easily B. badly easy `

　　C. bad easy D. badly easily

　　5..I will make your dream ____.

　　A. comes true B. to come true

　　C. coming truly D. come true