英语祈使句的结构及用法

英语祈使句的结构及用法

  用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。下面是小编整理的英语祈使句的结构及用法,欢迎参考!

  祈使句的结构

  1) 祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的'句子)。

  Take this seat.

  Do be careful.

  否定结构:

  Don't move.

  Don't be late.

  2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。

  Let 的反意疑问句

  a. Let's 包括说话者

  Let's have another try,shall we / shan't we?

  = Shall we have another try?

  b.Let us 不包括说话者

  Let us have another try,will you / won't you?

  = Will you please let us have another try?

  否定结构:

  Let's not talk of that matter.

  Let us not talk of that matter.

  如何引用祈使句

  祈使句如要引用,多使用一个不定式,前面的谓语形式根据语气决定。如:

  “Wake him up,” she said.

  →She told me to wake him up.

  “See a neurologist,” the doctor said.

  →The doctor advised me to see a neurologist.

  “Stay where you are and don’t move,” commanded the sergeant.

  →The sergeant commanded the man to stay where he was and not to move.

  “Carry the trunk upstairs,” Mr. Brown said.

  →Mr. Brown ordered the men to carry the trunk upstairs.

  能跟这种结构的动词有:

  advise ask beg command forbid instruct invite order,persuade remind teach tell urge warn

  祈使句的分类及例句

  1.祈使句构成方式:动词原形+其他。如:Please buy some bananas for me.请为我买一些香蕉。

  2.祈使句否定形式:在动词原形前+Don't。如:Don't look ou of the window.不要向窗外看。

  3.祈使句的反意疑问句用will you/won't you。以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用shall we。以let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用will you/shall we。如:Don't swim here,will you?不要在这游泳,好吗? Let's go to the zoo,shall we?让我们去动物园吧,好吗?

  4.let引起的祈使句:肯定形式为Let+sb+动词原形+其他;否定形式为Let+sb+not+动词原形+其他/Don't let+sb+do+其他。如:Let's join the soccer club.让我们加入足球俱乐部吧。 Don't let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。

  5.禁止祈使句:No+n./ v.ing。如:No smoking!禁止吸烟!

  拓展内容:英语祈使句的三种回答

  1.Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。 如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。

  2.Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。 如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!

  3.Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。 如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

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