定语从句引导词where

定语从句引导词where

  一、Where引导定语从句—形容词性从句

  当where 引导定语从句时,Where前有表示地点的先行词,where 引导的从句修饰先行词,Where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语。例如:

  1.He's got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane .(2001年上海)

  评析:situation 是先行词,其后是Where引导的定语从句。

  2.This is the place where Luxun once lived .

  评析: the place 是先行词,其后是 where引导的定语从句 ,where 在从句中作地点状语。

  二、Where引导状语从句—副词性从句

  当Where引导状语从句时,Where前没有表示地点的先行词,Where是从属连词,Where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词。例如:

  3.The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.(2002年春季高考上海)

  评析:句中“the famous scientist grew up "这一部分是该句的主句,Where到句子最后是地点状语从句,where前没有表示地点的先行词.

  4.She found her passport where she lost it .

  评析:"passport"是主句 found 后的宾语,它并不是从句中lost的地点,因此 where 引导的是地点状语从句,从属连词where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词 found 。

  三、where 引导宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句———名词性从句

  where引导的名词性从句,意思接近the place where ,可译为:“……的地方”,where是疑问副词。例如:

  5. This is where Luxun once lived. (where 引导表语从句)

  评析:此句与第2句意思一样,即:这是鲁迅曾经住的地方。但语法 功能不一样,第2句中,where 前有先行词 the place, the place在主句中作表语,而第5句中,where 引导的表语从句前没有名词,从语法 功能看,where 引导从句的位置是表语位置,where 在表语从句中作地点状语。

  6.I don't know where Luxun once lived .(where 引导宾语从句)

  评析:此句where 引导的是动词know的宾语从句。Where引导的'从句

  7.She was free to go to where she liked and do what she liked . (where 引导宾语从句)

  评析:此句中,where 引导的从句作介词的宾语,意思接近 the place where。

  8.We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. (where 引导同位语从句)

  评析:本句中疑问副词where 引导的从句,与其前面的名词the question 是同位关系,the question 的具体内容就是where 引导的从句,因此,where 引导的是同位语从句。

  9.Where Mary was born is Beijing . (where 引导主语从句)

  评析:本句中疑问副词where 引导的从句,放在主句主语的位置,因此这里where 引导的从句是主语从句。译:玛利出身的地方是北京。

  巩固练习:翻译下列句子。

  1.有志者事竟成。(Where引导状语从句)

  2.那是我父亲工作的大楼。(Where引导定语从句)

  3.司机问我想上哪儿去。(where 引导宾语从句)

  4.书在你原来放的地方。(where 引导表语从句)

  5.她回到她妈妈坐的地方。((where 引导介词 to 的宾语从句))

  6.请呆在原处。(Where引导状语从句)

  Keys:

  1.Where there is a will, there is a way.

  2.That is the building where my father worked.

  3.The driver asked me where I wanted to go.

  4.The book is where you left it.

  5.She came back to where her mother was sitting.

  6.Please stay where you are.


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