where的定语从句3篇
where的定语从句1
Ill never forget 1976 that / which was full of sadness.
(作主语)
我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。
I regret the days (that/which) I wasted in the woods.
(作宾语)
我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。
This is the factory that/which produces cars. (作主语)
这就是那个生产小汽车的工厂。
This is the factory (that/which) he visited yesterday.
(作宾语)
这就是他昨天参观的工厂。
This is the reason that/which is unreasonable. (作主语)
这是一个没道理的理由。
This is the reason (that/which) he raised. (作宾语)
这是他提出的理由。
2. 关系副词有时相当于 适当的介词+关系代词。如:
① where=in/on which
This is the room where / in which he lives.
巩固练习:
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting
for the great chance.(湖南2004)
A. how B. which C. where D. that
2. We are living in an age _______ many things are done
on com*r.(**2003春)
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
3. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was
taken good care of in that far-away village.(NMET 2001)
A. until B. that C. when D. where
4. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his careless-
ness in his work? (上海2002春)
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the
small town ______ he grewup as a child. (NMET 1996)
A. which B. that C. where D. when
Key: 1-5 CDCAC
where的定语从句2
Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点
1. We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly.
A.which B.as C.why D.where
2.He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car.
A.which B.as C.why D.where
两道题都选where ,但是case, situation都不是地点,如何理解?
在“先行词不是表示地点的名词”的前提下,如何判断是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题是一个高频考点。就是说,关系副词where所指代的先行词不只是表示地点的名词。
用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where引导定语从句时,它的先行词就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。
请看以下几个例句:
1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other.
请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的'爱超过彼此间的需要。
点评:这里where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one,也就是relationship (此处one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地点名词,但此处却用了where来引导,where在这里表示“在这样的感情关系下”。从定语从句的结构来看,定语从句不缺主语和宾语,引导词where在从句中充当的是状语。
2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vital interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low. 欺诈行为在这种情况下最有可能发生:利益重大,而且欺诈行为被发现的可能性小。
点评:句中的先行词是situations,表示“情形,情况”,引导词依然用的是where,表示“在这种情况之下”。这里的定语从句也是不缺主语或宾语的,where在从句中充当的是状语。
3. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people
will have to accept more “unnatural food”.除非人类能够意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度——使地球能为所有人提供足够的食物,否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。
点评:这里的先行词是point,表示“某种程度,某种状况”,引导词where指代point,表示“在这种程度下”。这里定语从句也是不缺主语和宾语的,where在从句中充当的仍然是状语。
从上面三个例句中,我们可以发现以下两点:第一,即使先行词不是表示地点的词,定语从句也能够使用关系副词where来引导;第二,上面三个例句中,where分别指代relationship、situation和point,分别表示“在……关系中”“在……情况下”“达到……程度”,这些词虽然不是表示地点的名词,但在从句中表达的是“某个点或状态”的含义。我们可以把这类名词解释成“含有抽象地点意义的名词”,此类词也能用关系副词where来进行引导。
先行词不表示地点时,如何判断是否使用Where引导定语从句当先行词不是表示地点的名词时,该如何判断是否使用where引导定语从句呢?由上文给出的例句可知,含有抽象地点意义的名词能用关系副词where来引导,并且在每个例句的点评中都反复强调“定语从句不缺主语和宾语,where在从句中充当的是状语”。
由此,我们可以大胆地进行引申和归纳,提出“当先行词不表示地点时,使用where引导定语从句”的判断方法。首先,判断定语从句的结构:定语从句应该不缺少主语和宾语,而是缺少状语。其次,观察先行词:先行词是除了时间名词(在这种情况下会用when)和原因名词(在这种情况下会用why)以外的其他任何名词。第二个条件之所以成立,是因为定语从句中的状语成分一般就是由when、where和why等三个引导词来引导的。
为了更深刻地理解这种判断方法,请看以下几个例句:
4. English is a fixed-word-order language where each phrase has a fixed position. 英语是一种“词序固定”的语言,这种语言的特点就是每个短语都有固定的位置。
点评:首先,我们来判断定语从句“each phrase has a fixed position”的结构:该从句并不缺少主语和宾语,但是缺少状语。其次,我们来看先行词:先行词是fixed-word-order language, 它既不表示时间,也不表示原因。由此可知,此处用where来指代先行词,表示“在词序固定这样的语言中”。
5. At the Academy, Plato taught the students through the use of debates, where two or more people took different ideas of an argument. 在学院里,柏拉图采用的教学方法是**辩论,在辩论中,两个或多个学生各持一方观点。
点评:首先,我们来判断定语从句“two or morepeople took different ideas of an argument”的句子结构:该从句不缺少主语和宾语,但是缺少状语。其次,我们来看先行词:先行词是debates,它既不是时间名词,也不是原因名词。由此可知,此处应用where引导定语从句,表示“在辩论中”。
6. However, being enthusiastic isn't for everyone and no one likes false enthusiasm, where a person pretends to be excited even about small points.然而,热情并非适合每一个人,而且也没有人喜欢那种连区区小事都假装兴奋的假热情。
点评:首先,我们判断定语从句“a person pretends to be excited even about small points”的句子结构:该从句不缺少主语和宾语,但是缺少状语。其次,我们来看先行词:先行词是false enthusiasm,它既不是时间名词,也不是原因名词。因而,此处用where来引导定语从句,表示“在虚假的热情这种状态下”。
通过对上面三个例句的点评,相信读者已经能够掌握在先行词不表示地点的情况下,如何判断是否使用where来引导定语从句了。此外,我们需要仔细体会例句中where指代先行词时所表达的含义,分别是“在……样的语言中”“在……中”“在……样的状态下”,这些含义与第一节所举的例子类似,都带有抽象的地点意义。因而,我们在日后的学习和考试中应当谨记:
用where引导的定语从句,先行词不一定是表示地点的名词,因为先行词也可能是含有抽象地点意义的名词。由此,我们总结如下:
先行词是表示“地点”或任何含有“抽象地点意义”的名词用where引导定语从句。
where的定语从句3
where先行词表示时间、地点、原因,但关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时,应用关系代词that或which.如:
Ill never forget 1976 that / which was full of sadness.
(作主语)
我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。
I regret the days (that/which) I wasted in the woods.
(作宾语)
我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。
This is the factory that/which produces cars. (作主语)
这就是那个生产小汽车的工厂。
This is the factory (that/which) he visited yesterday.
(作宾语)
这就是他昨天参观的工厂。
This is the reason that/which is unreasonable. (作主语)
这是一个没道理的理由。
This is the reason (that/which) he raised. (作宾语)
这是他提出的理由。
2. 关系副词有时相当于 适当的介词+关系代词。如:
① where=in/on which
This is the room where / in which he lives.
巩固练习:
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting
for the great chance.(湖南2004)
A. how B. which C. where D. that
2. We are living in an age _______ many things are done
on com*r.(**2003春)
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
3. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was
taken good care of in that far-away village.(NMET 2001)
A. until B. that C. when D. where
4. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his careless-
ness in his work? (上海2002春)
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. how he explained D. why he explained
5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the
small town ______ he grewup as a child. (NMET 1996)
A. which B. that C. where D. when
Key: 1-5 CDCAC
where的定语从句3篇扩展阅读
where的定语从句3篇(扩展1)
——where的定语从句用法3篇
where的定语从句用法1
例1)I went to a small town. I met my boyfriend in that town.
在后面的简单句中,in that town是地点状语,所以可以用 where代替in that town,I met my boyfriend 放在先行词(也就是定语从句所修饰的词)town的后面。
I went to a small town where I met my boyfriend.我去了一个小镇,在那里我遇见了我的男朋友。
例2)I went to a small town. It is very quiet and peaceful.
这两句合成定语从句就是 it去掉,用which/that,来代替,定语从句which/that is very quiet and peaceful 来修饰先行词town.
I went to a small town which is very quiet and peaceful.
I went to a small town that is very quiet and peaceful.
为什么主句都一样,修饰的也是同一个先行词town,第一个就用连接词where,而第二个就用连接词which或that呢?在定语从句中,一定要弄清句子成分。
I met my boyfriend in that town. In that town 是做地点状语。
It is very quiet and peaceful. It 是做谓语动词is的主语。
所以例句1连接词where代替的是地点状语,in that town.例句2 连接词that或which是代替主语it,也就是town.
在定语从句中 where一定翻译在那里,然后再翻译定语从句,翻译完之后,感觉通顺,定语从句一定是一个完整的简单句。
例3)The street where the parade begins is Broadway.
那条街道是百老汇街,在那里开始了
在这个从句中,the parade begins 是一个完整的简单句,不缺宾语 因为begin是不及物动词。(以后会讲及物动词和不及物动词)。
例4)The site where the concert will take place is Golden Park.
那个地点是golden park,在那里举行音乐会。
练习:把下面几个句子补充完整。
1,we went to a hospital which___________________.(which 指代从句宾语)
We went to a hospital where _____________________.
We went to a hospital which______________________.(which指代从句主语)
2,Lisa cleaned the classroom where___________________.
Lisa cleaned the classroom that _____________________.
Lisa cleaned the classroom that __________________.
where的定语从句3篇(扩展2)
——定语从句where的先行词3篇
定语从句where的先行词1
一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point
You reach a point wheremedicine can’t help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。
The cr**** has reached a point wherethe receiver will have to be called in.危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。
We have reached a point wherea change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。
注:有时point也可以是具体的地点:
Let the point whereAB cuts CD be called E.设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。
The accident happened at the point wherethe A15 joins the M1.事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。
二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case
There are cases wherethe word“mighty”is used as an adverb.在一些情况下,mighty一词可用作副词。
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases wherebeginners of English fail to use the language properly.今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。
三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity wheresight * more than hearing.那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为,舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。
四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation
He got into a situation whereit is hard to decide what is right and wrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation whereyou might lose it.你如果拿重要的东**冒险,那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。
五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position
It’s put me in a position whereI can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。
六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job
She wants a job whereher management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。
I don’t want a job whereI’m chained to a desk all day.我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。
【模拟训练】
01. We’re just trying to reach a point _______ both sides will sitdown together and talk.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
02. She had got to the point ______ she felt that she could nottake any more.
A. what B. when C. where D. which
03. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches thepoint ______ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when B. where C. which D. that
04. It was so confusing that eventually it got to the point ______no one knew what was going on.
A. when B. that C. which D. where
05. I don’t want a job ______ I’m chained to a desk for eighthours a day.
A. which B. where C. what D. when
2/9页
06. Drink-driving is one case ______ severe punishment seemsto work as a deterrent.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
07.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced toreaders_______consumer complains have resulted in changes in thelaw.(2008江西)
A. where B. when C. who D. { A此题是由where引导的限制性定语从句,先行词为cases,此句意思是“在这一章节,消费者的抱怨产生的法律上的变化的这一案例及情况将被介绍给读者”。}
【参***】01—06 ACBDBD
1.—Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm ___D___ we worked. (山东卷)
A. that B. there C. which D. where
2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ___D___they learn simple games and songs. (全国I)
A. then B. there C. while D. where
3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity___D___ sight * more than hearing. (天津卷)
A. when B. whose C. which D. where
4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ___D___ beginners of
English fail to use the language properly. (陕西卷)
A. which B. as C. why D. where
5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___D___
she had to decide what to do. (江西卷)
A. that B. what C. which D. where
以上5道题的答案分别是DDDDD,其中前面两道比较容易,因为它们符合“where引导的定语从句用于修饰表示地点的名词”这一基本用法。但是,后面3道题则有所不同,因为它们修饰的名词不是具体的地点名词,而是一个抽象名词,即分别是activity, case, point,state,stage, situation,等意指“情况、情形、形势”时,引导词常用where或介词,which。如:We're just trying to reach a point____ both sides will sit down together and talk.(06山东
26.)A. where B. that C. when D. which由于一般的语法书对这一问题很少涉及,所以许多考生对这类考题比较生疏。为帮助同学们熟悉这一语言现象,正确掌握这一知识点,本文拟对where定语从句修饰抽象名词的用法作一归纳。
用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点
按照通常的理解,当where引导定语从句时,它的先行词就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请看以下几个例句:
1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your lovefor each other is greater than your need for each other.
请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。
点评:这里where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one,也就是relationship (此处one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地点名词,但此处却用了where来引导,where在这里表示“在这样的感情关系下”。从定语从句的结构来看,定语从句不缺主语和宾语,引导词where在从句中充当的是状语。
2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vitalinterests are high and the chances of getting caught are low.
欺诈行为在这种情况下最有可能发生:利益重大,而且欺诈行为被发现的可能性小。
点评:句中的先行词是situations,表示“情形,情况”,引导词依然用的是where,
表示“在这种情况之下”。这里的定语从句也是不缺主语或宾语的,where在从句中充当的是状语。
3. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower itspopulation to the point where the planet can provide acomfortable support for all, people will have to accept more“unnatural food”.
除非人类能够意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度——使地球能为所有人提供足够的食物,
否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。
点评:这里的先行词是point,表示“某种程度,某种状况”,引导词where指代
point,表示“在这种程度之下”。这里定语从句也是不缺主语和宾语的,where在从句中充当的仍然是状语。
定语从句where的先行词2
一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point
You reach a point wheremedicine can’t help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。
The cr**** has reached a point wherethe receiver will have to be called in.危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。
We have reached a point wherea change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。
注:有时point也可以是具体的地点:
Let the point whereAB cuts CD be called E.设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。
The accident happened at the point wherethe A15 joins the M1.事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。
二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case
There are cases wherethe word“mighty”is used as an adverb.在一些情况下,mighty一词可用作副词。
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases wherebeginners of English fail to use the language properly.今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。
三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity wheresight * more than hearing.那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为,舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。
四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation
He got into a situation whereit is hard to decide what is right and wrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation whereyou might lose it.你如果拿重要的东**冒险,那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。
五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position
It’s put me in a position whereI can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。
六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job
She wants a job whereher management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。
I don’t want a job whereI’m chained to a desk all day.我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。
【模拟训练】
01. We’re just trying to reach a point _______ both sides will sitdown together and talk.
A. where B. that C. when D. which
02. She had got to the point ______ she felt that she could nottake any more.
A. what B. when C. where D. which
03. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches thepoint ______ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when B. where C. which D. that
04. It was so confusing that eventually it got to the point ______no one knew what was going on.
A. when B. that C. which D. where
05. I don’t want a job ______ I’m chained to a desk for eighthours a day.
A. which B. where C. what D. when
2/9页
06. Drink-driving is one case ______ severe punishment seemsto work as a deterrent.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
07.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced toreaders_______consumer complains have resulted in changes in thelaw.(2008江西)
A. where B. when C. who D. { A此题是由where引导的限制性定语从句,先行词为cases,此句意思是“在这一章节,消费者的抱怨产生的法律上的变化的这一案例及情况将被介绍给读者”。}
【参***】01—06 ACBDBD
1.—Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm ___D___ we worked. (山东卷)
A. that B. there C. which D. where
2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ___D___they learn simple games and songs. (全国I)
A. then B. there C. while D. where
3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity___D___ sight * more than hearing. (天津卷)
A. when B. whose C. which D. where
4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ___D___ beginners of
English fail to use the language properly. (陕西卷)
A. which B. as C. why D. where
5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___D___
she had to decide what to do. (江西卷)
A. that B. what C. which D. where
以上5道题的答案分别是DDDDD,其中前面两道比较容易,因为它们符合“where引导的定语从句用于修饰表示地点的名词”这一基本用法。但是,后面3道题则有所不同,因为它们修饰的名词不是具体的地点名词,而是一个抽象名词,即分别是activity, case, point,state,stage, situation,等意指“情况、情形、形势”时,引导词常用where或介词,which。如:We're just trying to reach a point____ both sides will sit down together and talk.(06山东
26.)A. where B. that C. when D. which由于一般的语法书对这一问题很少涉及,所以许多考生对这类考题比较生疏。为帮助同学们熟悉这一语言现象,正确掌握这一知识点,本文拟对where定语从句修饰抽象名词的用法作一归纳。
用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点
按照通常的理解,当where引导定语从句时,它的先行词就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请看以下几个例句:
1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your lovefor each other is greater than your need for each other.
请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。
点评:这里where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one,也就是relationship (此处one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地点名词,但此处却用了where来引导,where在这里表示“在这样的感情关系下”。从定语从句的结构来看,定语从句不缺主语和宾语,引导词where在从句中充当的是状语。
2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vitalinterests are high and the chances of getting caught are low.
欺诈行为在这种情况下最有可能发生:利益重大,而且欺诈行为被发现的可能性小。
点评:句中的先行词是situations,表示“情形,情况”,引导词依然用的是where,
表示“在这种情况之下”。这里的定语从句也是不缺主语或宾语的,where在从句中充当的是状语。
3. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower itspopulation to the point where the planet can provide acomfortable support for all, people will have to accept more“unnatural food”.
除非人类能够意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度——使地球能为所有人提供足够的食物,
否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。
点评:这里的先行词是point,表示“某种程度,某种状况”,引导词where指代
point,表示“在这种程度之下”。这里定语从句也是不缺主语和宾语的,where在从句中充当的仍然是状语。
where的定语从句3篇(扩展3)
——用where造句定语从句 (菁选3篇)
用where造句定语从句1
here is one point where I’d like your advice.
有一点,我想听听你的建议.
A condition where the parking brakes do not hold will most probably be due to a wheel brake component.
不能按住手煞车的情况最大的可能是由于车轮煞车部件的原因.
You reach a point in your project where you just want to get the thing finished.
从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界:一心想完成它.
I’ve reached the stage where I just don’t care any more.
我已经到了一种什么都不在乎的地步.
We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.
在我们的处境下可能会损失打量金钱.
There are cases where this rule does not hold good.
在一些情况下,这个规则是不适用的.
This company has now introduced a policy where pay rises are related to performance at work.
这家公司引进一种**:薪酬与工作表现挂钩.
Have you ever been in a situation where you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?
你是否曾经处于你知道另一个人和你格格不入的一种境况?
更多知识
一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point
You reach a point where medicine can’t help.
你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。
The cr**** has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。
We have reached a point where a change is needed.
我们到了必须改一改的地步。
注:有时point也可以是具体的地点:
Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E.
设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。
The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1.
事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。
二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case
There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb.
在一些情况下,mighty一词可用作副词。
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。
三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight * more than hearing.
那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为,舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。
四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation
He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it.
你如果拿重要的东**冒险,那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。
五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position
It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job.
这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。
六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job
She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use.
她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。
I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day.
我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。
用where造句定语从句2
1.She’s got herself into a dangerous situationwhereshe’s likely to lose her life.
她将自己置于了危险的境地,而且很有可能丢掉性命。
2.I miss the placewhereI lived in my childhood.
我很想念我童年居住过的地方。
3.This is the placewherehe works.
这是他工作的地点。
4.Tell me the placewherethe accident happened yesterday.
告诉我昨天发生事故的地点。
用where造句定语从句3
where的定语从句
先行词表示具体地点的,并在在定语从句中做状语的(不做主语,表语和宾语),用where引导定语从句.例如:this is the housewherei once lived.
先行词是表示抽象地点的如point,case,postion,condtion,activity,situation,job等,并作状语用where引导.
You reach a pointwheremedicine can’t help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步.
It’s put me in a positionwhereI can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地.
She wants a jobwhereher management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作.
where在定语从句还是状语从句的区别主要可以从以下三点来看:
一、where引导定语从句时,where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语,其前面有表示地点的先行词,
where引导的'从句修饰先行词.例如:
The bookshopwhereI bought this book is not far from here.
This is the housewhereI lived two years ago.
We will start at the pointwherewe left off.
二、where引导状语从句时,where是从属连词,where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词,
where前面没有表示地点的先行词.例如:
Wuhan lieswherethe Changjiang River and the Han Jiang Rivermeet.
Make a markwhereyou have any doubts or questions.
I found my bookswhereI had left them.
有时,where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义,可放在主句的前面,而where引导的定语从句则不能.例如:
Wherethere is a will,there is a way.〔谚语〕有志者事竟成.
Wherethere is water,there is life.有水的地方就有生命.
三、在有些情况下,where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句.例如:
A tall building was put up at the placewherethere used to be a
desert.(=A tall building was put upwherethere used to be a
desert.)在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼.
Bam boo grows best in placeswhereit is warm andwhereit rains
often.)温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长.
where的定语从句3篇(扩展4)
——the way定语从句用法3篇
the way定语从句用法1
the way定语从句用法
如果the way在定语从句中作状语则用that/in which引导定语从句,关系词也可以省略.
如作主、宾、表则用that或which.
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who,whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:
(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,that,which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What‘s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
the way定语从句用法2
the way定语从句用法
如果the way在定语从句中作状语则用that/in which引导定语从句,关系词也可以省略.
如作主、宾、表则用that或which.
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who,whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:
(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,that,which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的'这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What‘s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
where的定语从句3篇(扩展5)
——定语从句和表语从句区别3篇
定语从句和表语从句区别1
定语从句
一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。[1]被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。
定语 从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
定义
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)
The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的.包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例 如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.**是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句,在非正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要 求用关系代词。例如:
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时,应选择关系代词;先行词在从句中作状语时,应选 择关系副词。
例如:(对)Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
(对)Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
从句结构
定语从句公式
定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句
先行词
指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子。
一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。
关系词
关系词常有3个作用:
①连接作用,连接主句和定语从句。
②指代先行词。
③在定语从句中担当成分。
注:关系代词有主语、宾语、定语之分。一般who做主语或其宾格形式的whom做宾语(whom作宾语时可省略),whose作为定语(whose不可省略)。关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语,定语等,关系副词在从句中作地点状语(where),时间状语(when),原因状语(why)。[1]
定语
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词表示的)汉语中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容词担任,此外,名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。如“the girl”,“the book”
如:She is the girl who likes singing. 她就是那个喜欢唱歌的女孩。
这就是一个定语从句。
表语从句
表语从句(Predicative Clause)就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当表语。
表语成分
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词)之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。
一、名词作表语
Africa is a big continent.
非洲是个大洲。
That remains a puzzle to me.
这对我还是个难题。
二、代词作表语
What’s your fax number?
你的传真号是多少?
Who's your best friend?
你最好的朋友是谁?
三、形容词作表语
I feel much better today.
我今天感觉好多了。
He is old but he is healthy。
他很老,但他很健康。
四、数词作表语
She was the first to learn about it.
她是第一个知道的人。
五、不定式作表语
Her job is selling com*rs.
她的工作是销售电脑。
Our next step was to get raw materials ready.
我们下一步是把原料准备好。
作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语的内容,这时主语通常是如下名词:
hope, idea, job, plan, wish, aim, purpose, thing, business
定语从句和表语从句区别2
定语从句
一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。[1]被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。
定语 从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
定义
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)
The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的.包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例 如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.**是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句,在非正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要 求用关系代词。例如:
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时,应选择关系代词;先行词在从句中作状语时,应选 择关系副词。
例如:(对)Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
(对)Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
从句结构
定语从句公式
定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句
先行词
指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子。
一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。
关系词
关系词常有3个作用:
①连接作用,连接主句和定语从句。
②指代先行词。
③在定语从句中担当成分。
注:关系代词有主语、宾语、定语之分。一般who做主语或其宾格形式的whom做宾语(whom作宾语时可省略),whose作为定语(whose不可省略)。关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语,定语等,关系副词在从句中作地点状语(where),时间状语(when),原因状语(why)。[1]
定语
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词表示的)汉语中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容词担任,此外,名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。如“the girl”,“the book”
如:She is the girl who likes singing. 她就是那个喜欢唱歌的女孩。
这就是一个定语从句。
表语从句
表语从句(Predicative Clause)就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当表语。
表语成分
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词)之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。
一、名词作表语
Africa is a big continent.
非洲是个大洲。
That remains a puzzle to me.
这对我还是个难题。
二、代词作表语
What’s your fax number?
你的传真号是多少?
Who's your best friend?
你最好的朋友是谁?
三、形容词作表语
I feel much better today.
我今天感觉好多了。
He is old but he is healthy。
他很老,但他很健康。
四、数词作表语
She was the first to learn about it.
她是第一个知道的人。
五、不定式作表语
Her job is selling com*rs.
她的工作是销售电脑。
Our next step was to get raw materials ready.
我们下一步是把原料准备好。
作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语的内容,这时主语通常是如下名词:
hope, idea, job, plan, wish, aim, purpose, thing, business
定语从句和表语从句区别3
定语从句
一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。[1]被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。
定语 从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
定义
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)
The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例 如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.**是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的'定语从 句,在非正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要 求用关系代词。例如:
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时,应选择关系代词;先行词在从句中作状语时,应选 择关系副词。
例如:(对)Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
(对)Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
从句结构
定语从句公式
定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句
先行词
指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子。
一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。
关系词
关系词常有3个作用:
①连接作用,连接主句和定语从句。
②指代先行词。
③在定语从句中担当成分。
注:关系代词有主语、宾语、定语之分。一般who做主语或其宾格形式的whom做宾语(whom作宾语时可省略),whose作为定语(whose不可省略)。关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语,定语等,关系副词在从句中作地点状语(where),时间状语(when),原因状语(why)。[1]
定语
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词表示的)汉语中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容词担任,此外,名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语、从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。如“the girl”,“the book”
如:She is the girl who likes singing. 她就是那个喜欢唱歌的女孩。
这就是一个定语从句。
表语从句
表语从句(Predicative Clause)就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当表语。
表语成分
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词)之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。
一、名词作表语
Africa is a big continent.
非洲是个大洲。
That remains a puzzle to me.
这对我还是个难题。
二、代词作表语
What’s your fax number?
你的传真号是多少?
Who's your best friend?
你最好的朋友是谁?
三、形容词作表语
I feel much better today.
我今天感觉好多了。
He is old but he is healthy。
他很老,但他很健康。
四、数词作表语
She was the first to learn about it.
她是第一个知道的人。
五、不定式作表语
Her job is selling com*rs.
她的工作是销售电脑。
Our next step was to get raw materials ready.
我们下一步是把原料准备好。
作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语的内容,这时主语通常是如下名词:
hope, idea, job, plan, wish, aim, purpose, thing, business
where的定语从句3篇(扩展6)
——定语从句和宾语从句3篇
定语从句和宾语从句1
一、定语从句的引导词
1、一共有9个:who, whom , whose, that, which, when,where, why, as
与名词从句相比:定从不能由what和how引导;which的含义改变;定从内部的介词可以放引导词前。
2、引导词的功能有哪些?
(1)引导定语从句
(2)代替先行词在定语从句中充当一个成分。(先行词在从句中不再出现)
二、定语从句的关键
1、首先,要能判断出该从句是什么从句:
(1)放句首没有用逗号分开的,一般是主语从句,也有可能是状语从句,但从句结束后若有体现时态变化的动词,则一定是主语从句。
(2)放及物动词后,若及物动词不是被动语态,后面一定是宾语从句;若该及物动词是被动语态,后面一般是主语从句(It+ is + adj/n./done+that/whether/when…)或状语从句。
(3)放be动词后,后面一定是表语从句,但 “It is/was + 从句(被强调成分) + that”是强调句(强调句中“非谓语”)。
(4)放名词后,一般是定语从句,但若该名词有“内涵/内容”(fact/truth/news/information/ problem/suggestion), 则很可能是同位语从句。
(5)用逗号分开的从句,一般是状语从句或 as/which引导的定语从句,也要注意用放在句中用逗号分开的“插入语”(however, for example,believe it or not等)。
2、其次,判断出是定语从句后可以用“三个优先”法做题:
(1)优先选择含whose的选项,能与空格后的名词构成“某人的某物”搭配,一般就是答案;
(2)优先选择含介词的选项,然后看该介词与从句中的谓语是否能构成符合逻辑的搭配;
(3)用逗号分开的定从,优先考虑as和which,若该空能翻译为“一件事”而从句意思是通顺的,则放句首就用as,句末用which(若该空能翻译为“如同”“像…一样”则应用as)
3、再次,做定语从句题可以用“三问法”来检测是否出错:
(1)先行词本身是否为特殊的词?
way+ in which/that/省略
指物的不定代词:anything, one, some,many, a lot, all, both, that等 + that
指人的不定代词或数词:one, those, anyone, two等 + who
既有人又有物: + that
“抽象的地点”condition, situation,case, point + where
“抽象的时间”one’s stay/visit + when
在特定语境中可以作“地点/位置”理解的词:trousers/ sleeves + where
(2)先行词前面有无特殊的词?
有不定代词修饰:all/every/little/much+ …+ that
有最高级/序数词修饰:the best/second … + that
有just the/ the very/ the only/ the last等修饰:+ that
有who/which疑问词:+ that(避免重复)
有the same/ such/ as修饰:一般+ as
(注意: ①第一个as是否为一个以as结尾的搭配,如regard…as;
②区分such…as(定从)与such …that“如此…以至于”)
(3)先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分?
注意:从句中spend后的“时间”,以及visit后的“地点”,不是状语,而是宾语,应该用不定代词
4、只能用that引导定语从句有哪些情况?
先行词前为all, everything, nothing,something, anything, little, much等不定代词时;
先行词前有:all, every, no, some, any,little, much, few等不定代词修饰时;
先行词被序数词修饰时;
先行词被形容词最高级修饰时;
先行词前only, just, very, last有等修饰时;
先行词是表示人和物混杂的两个名词时;
主句是以who, which,开头的疑问句或先行词是疑问代词时;
在修饰时间、地点等先行词时,只有用that代替when, where等引导词;
【例】I'll never forget the Sunday (that) you first arrived.
Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink ?
先行词为reason, way (意为“方法”)时,常用that 代替why,which, in which,也可省略。
引导词在定语从句中作表语时,多用that引导。
先行词是主句表语时;
【例】It is a dictionary that will help you a lot.
当主语以there be 开头时;
当先行词是数词时;
同一个复合句里有两个定语从句,一个用which,另一个通常用that。
5、reason后面用什么引导?way 后面用什么引导?
reason后面的定语从句用why引导。
way 后面定语从句用in which 或 that引导that可以省略。
6、when引导的定语从句等于什么引导的定语从句?
when引导的定语从句等于介词+ which引导的定语从句。
7、where 引导的定语从句等于什么引导的定语从句?
where 引导的定语从句等于介词+which引导的定语从句。
★8、one of 和 the (only) one of引导的定语从句在主谓一致问题上应注意什么?
前者引导的定语从句谓语动词用复数;后者用单数。
9、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句有和区别?
限制性定语从句是主句不可缺少的一个部分,缺少后主句意思不完整。非限制性定语从句是对主句的进一步说明,不要从句对主句意义无多大影响;非限制性定语从句前后有逗号隔开。而且非限制性定语从句中不能用that。
10、as 和which引导的非限制性定语从句在用法上有什么区别?
as和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句.都可以代替主句中的整个内容或某一成分。
as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以位于句首,并常和know, see, expect等词连用,意为:“正如……”,而which不能位于句首。
11、as 可以用于哪些结构中引导定语从句?
such... as; the same... as; so ...as..
12、the same…as和 the same…that 引导的定语从句如何区别?
the same…as 引导的定语从句指的是相同事物,强调同类。
the same…that引导的定语从句指的是同一物。
13、such…as …和 such…that…如何区分?
such…as…引导的是定语从句,as必须代替先行词在其引导的从句中充当成分。
such…that…引导的从句是状语从句,that只是引导从句并不在其引导的从句中充当成分,在选择填空首先看从句中是否缺句子成分,如果缺成分就要考虑是定语从句;如果不缺成分就要考虑是状语成分。
★14、whose 引导定语从句有那些注意点?
whose 作定语,后面跟名词。一般有三种表示形式:
【例】This is the dictionary whose cover has come off.
= This is the dictionary the cover of which has come off.
= This is the dictionary of which the cover has come off.
★★★15、 “介词 + 关系词” 开头的定语从句有哪几种情况?
注意:引导定从的介词后不能加who/that
(1)先行词在从句中做状语,用来替换when/where/why的:in/on/from/for/in front of + which/whom:
(2)“of所有格”: the+名词+ of + which/whom; of + which/whom +… the+名词
(3)“某个范围中的多少”: some/both/the former + of + which/whom; of + which/whom … some…
(4)偶尔可用“介词+ whose”和“介词+where”
三、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的.人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1、who指人,在从句中做主语
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
2、whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person (whom)you talked about on the bus.
【注意】关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。
The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3、which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
4、that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
5、whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替:
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom of which the door is broken will soon be repaired.
Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
(注意:the + 名词 + of which/whom常考!)
四、介词+关系代词whom/which引导的定语从句(重点)
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导:
The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
=The school in which he once studied is very famous.
【注意】
1、含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如:look for, look after, take care of等
(1)This is the watch which/that I am lookingfor.(T)
(2)This is the watch for which I amlooking. (F)
2、若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that;指物时用which,不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1)The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)
(2)The man who/that you talked with is my friend.(F)
3、“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most,each, few等代词或者数词,构成some of which/whom等类似结构引导的定语从句。(重点:常考!)
(1)He loved his parents dee*, of whom both are very kind to him.
(2)In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
(3)There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
在特定语境中,可以用“介词+ whose/where”引导定语从句
The boss in whose department Ms King once worked is a kind man.
五、关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
(1)I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2)The time when we got together finally came.
2、where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
(1)Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3、why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语,此时先行词常为reason。可变为for which(常考!)
why=for which
(1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2)I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
【注意】关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1)The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.
(2)From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
(3)Great changes have taken place in thecity in which/where I was born.
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