定语从句三要素
第1篇:定语从句三要素
引导语:定语从句三要素是什么呢?接下来是小编为你带来收集整理的文章,欢迎阅读!
i.从句中缺少主、宾、表:who(m)thatwhich(as)
1.loveisonebigillusionishouldtrytoforget(少宾语illusion)
爱是一种假象,我应该试图去忘记它
2.butthereissomethingleftinmyhead(=thatisleftinmyhead)
但是总有一些事情停留在我的脑海里挥之不去
3.you'retheonewhosetitupnow(少主语theone)
你就是让我产生爱的那个人,
4.you'retheonetomakeitstop(=whomadeitstop)
但是你现在也要让它停止
5.i'mtheonewho'sfeelinglostrightnow(少主语theone)
此时此刻我感到迷茫
6.nowyouwantmetoforgeteverylittlethingyousaid(少宾语everylittlething)
你要我忘记你说的任何事情
7.butthereissomethingleftinmyhead(=thatisleftinmyhead)
但总有些事情我忘不掉
8.iwon'tforgetthewayyou'rekissing(少宾语theway——用that或inwhich,常省略)
我忘不了我们的吻
9.thefeelingssostrongwerelastingforsolong
那感觉多么强烈,而且会永远留在我心中
10.buti'mnotthemanyourheartismissing(少宾语theman)
但是我不是你心所思念的那个人
11.that'swhyyougoawayiknow(iknowthat'swhyyougoaway)
我也知道那就是离去的原因
ii.从句中缺少状语:when(时间)where(地点)why(原因)[=介词+which]
12.soledad,it'sakeepingforthelonelysincethedaythatyouweregone.(少状语ontheday;口语中常用that代替when、where、why)
从你走后,我便开始了孤独的守候
13.whydidyouleaveme?soledad,inmyheartyouweretheonly,andyourmemoryliveson.
你为何要离我而去?我心中你就是唯一,你走了却留下记忆。
14.walkingdownthestreetsofnothingville,whereourlovewasyoungandfree,(少状语inthestreetsofnothingville)
走在无人小镇的大街上,这里曾有我们年少轻狂的爱情
15.(i)can'tbelievejustwhatanemptyplace,ithasetobe
我无法相信,它如今会变成如此空荡之地。
16.don'tjustletlifepassyouby,likewinterinjuly
别让生活打败你,好像六月飘雪
17.futuredreamscanneverlast,whenyoufindyourselfstilllivinginthepast
如果你只活在过去,未来的梦想就不会持续
18.keepmovingontohigherground,lookingforthewayyouthoughtcouldnotbefound(youthought是一个*入句)
继续奔向更高的目标,寻找你以为失去的方法
19.wemaynotknowthereasonwhywe'rebornintothisworldwhereamanonlylivestodie(这里有两个定语从句:第一个是修饰thereason,why=forwhich;第二个修饰world,where=inwhich)
我们可能不知道为什么要来到这个世间,在这里一个人只是从生到死
iii.从句中缺少定语:whose;the…ofwhich/whom
1.youcantellyourmaimovedtoarkansas.youcantellyourdogtobitemylegortellyourbrothercliffwhosefistcantellmylipthatheneverreallylikedmeanyway.(少定语:cliff'sfistcantellmylip)
你可以告诉你妈妈我来了阿堪萨斯州。你可以告诉你的*,让他来咬我的腿;你可以告诉你哥哥cliff,他的拳头会告诉我的嘴唇,他真的不会喜欢我。
第2篇:定语从句要点
定语从句在初中英语中的重要*主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中,因此,能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到你英语成绩的拔高。其实,定语从句并不难.
一.定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二.引导定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三.定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制*定语从句及非限制*定语从句。限制*定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制*定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四.关系代词的用法
1.that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.
玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
thecoat(that)iputonthedeskisblue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝*的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who,whom用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如:
thegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyenglishisfromengland.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
whoistheteacher(whom)limingistalkingto?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:
(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,whom,that,which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用介词+which/whom结构。例如:
thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.
这是我们去年居住的房子。
pleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheenglishnovel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.
这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.
她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,theone等不定代词指物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,little,few等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
thisisthesamebikethatilost.
这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatisawintheroom.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
whoisthegirlthatiscrying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是therebe结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which,例如:
thereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstotom.
桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that的情况:
a.先行词为that,those时,用which,而不用that.例如:
whatsthatwhichisunderthedesk?
在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,which,而不用that.例如:
thisistheroominwhichhelives.
这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制*定语从句,先行词指事物时,用which,而不用that,例如:
tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.
汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五.关系副词的用法
1.when指时间,其先行词表示时间,when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如:
thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.
这是他到达的时间。
2.where指地点,其先行词表示地点,where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如:
thisisplacewhereheworks.
这是他工作的地点。
3.why指原因,其先行词是原因,why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如:
nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
好啦,关于定语从句,你学会了吗?
第3篇:定语从句初三
定语从句是初中语法中较难的一个知识点,同时也是近几年中考必考的,下面是小编为大家收集整理的定语从句初三相关内容,欢迎阅读。
一.定义:
在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点:
1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
2.关联词:
1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。
2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose代指先行词。
关系副词:when,where,why作时间状语。
三.基本结构:
先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分
四.关系代词的用法:
1.that和which
that指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
hisfatherworksinafactorythat/whichmakestvsets.
whowashurtintheaccidentthat/whichhappenedyesterday?
thecoat(which/that)iputonthedeskisblack.
注意:theroominwhichiliveisverybig.(在介词后面不能用that)
2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:
1)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用that
thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)ihaveeverheard.
2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that
thechildrenlikethesecondlessonthatisabout“thefootballmatch”.
3)先行词被theonly,thevery或thesame等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。
itistheonlyword(that)iknowinthepassage.
whereistheverybook(that)iboughtjustnow?
thisisthe(same)bicycle(that)ilost.
4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用that
iwanteverything(that)iwant.
iamwritingtotellyouaboutsomethingverystrangethathappenedtomelastweek.
5)先行词被不定代词all,any,no,every,little,much,many修饰时,只能用that
hereisallthemoney(that)ihave.
6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用that
icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)iseeintheroom.
7)定语从句所修饰的词为theone时,定语从句用that引导
isittheone(that)youwant?
8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that引导定语从句
whoisthegirlthatwonthefirstplace?
3.who和whom
who指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。
whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在介词后面不能省略。
whoistheteacherthatxiaoliistalkingto?
thedoctorwithwhomshewenttotheunitedstateslastmonthisveryfamous.
=thedoctorwho/whom/thatshewenttotheunitedstateswithlastmonthisveryfamous.
五.关系副词的用法:
1.when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语
istillrememberthedaywhenifirstcametobeijing.when=onwhich
2.where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
thisisthehousewhereilivedtwoyearsago.
3.why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词.
wedon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool.
㈠.单项选择
1.thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.
a.thatb.whoc.whomd.this
2.theman_____livesnexttousismyenglishteacher.
a.whomb.whichc.whod./
3.thegirl_____yousawinthestreetismary.
a.thatb.whosec.whichd.as
4.isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?
a.theoneb.whichc.whod.whom
5.isthisfactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?
a.theoneb.thatc.whichd./
6.theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.
a.whichb.thatc./d.it
7.thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.
a.whichb.inwhichc.thatd.all
8._____cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.
a.thatb.whoc.theonewhod.thestudentswho
9.pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.
a.whichb.whomc.whosed.this
10.thisisthebestbook_____ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.
a.whob.whomc.whichd./
11.thisistheonlyarticleofthesethat_____writtenbyhim.
a.wasb.werec.isd.are
12.theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.
a.whomb.whoc./d.he
13.theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.
a.wholivenextdoorb.whichlivesnextdoor
c.whomlivesnextdoord.thatlivesnextdoor
14.those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.
a.whichb.whomc.thatd.who
15.don’tgoin,thisistheshop_____wehavejustbeen_____.
a./,tob.that,/c.where,tod.which,there
16.heisthemostcarefulboy_____iknow.
a.whatb.whichc.asd./
17.thisistheschool_____mr.smithoncetaught.
a.inthatb.whenc.whered.there
18.haveyouvisitedthehouse_____thefamousscientistwasborn?
a.whereb.inthatc.thatd.which
19.thefactory_____mr.liusedtoworkwasclosedlastweek.
a.whenb.wherec.thatd.which
20.doyoustillremembertheday_____wefirstmet?
a.thatb.whenc.whatd.onthat
21.thefirsttime___isawpremierzhouwasin1958.
a.whenb.wherec.whichd.that
22.october1,1949istheday_____we’llneverforget.
a.whenb.thatc.whered.inwhich
23.october1,1949wastheday_____thepeople’srepublicofchinawasfounded.a.whichb.whenc.whered.inwhich
24.isthistheshop_____sellschildren’sclothing?
a.whichb.wherec.inwhichd.what
25.isthismuseum_____theyvisitedlastmonth?
a.thatb.whichc.whered.theone
26.istillrememberthesitting-room_____mymotherandiusedtositintheevening.
a.whatb.whichc.thatd.where
27.didyoutellyourmotherall___youhadseenonthewayhome?
a.whatb.whyc.thatd.which
28.it’soneofthemostimportantmeetings___thisyears.
a.thathasbeenheldb.whichhasbeenheld
c.thathavebeenheldd.whichhaveheld
29.doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding___thereisawell?
a.infrontofitb.infrontofwhose
c.infrontofwhichd.inthefrontofwhich
30.i’llneverforgettheday___ijoinedtheleague.
a.onwhichb.whichc.inwhichd.atwhich
31.sheshowedhernewwatchtomywife,___waskeptinabox.
a.whob.whichc.thatd.it
32.shehadthreesons,all___becamedoctors.
a.whob.whomc.ofthemd.ofwhom
33.thisisthenewtypeofplane___partsaremadeofplastics.
a.thatb.whatc.whichd.whose
34.___isknowntoall,chinaisadevelopingcountry,belongingtothethirdworld.
a.itb.thatc.asd.which
35.isthistheleaningtower___galileodidexperimentcenturiesago?
a.thatb.wherec.whichd.when
㈡.将下列两句话合并成一句.
1.ican’tfindthebook..iboughtabookyesterday.
______________________________________________________________
2.thegirlismysister.thegirlisstandingonthestage.
______________________________________________________________
3.thewestlakeliesinhangzhou.thewestlakeisoneofthemostfamouslakesinchina.
______________________________________________________________
4.idon’tknowthatboy.theboyisinblueshirt.
______________________________________________________________
5.mybrotherlikesthesingers.thesingerswritetheirownmusic.
______________________________________________________________
6.thecatismine.thecatisplayingwithaball.
______________________________________________________________
*:
一)
1-5acaba
6-10bbcad
11-15abdda
16-20dcabb
21-25dbbad
26-30dccca
31-35bddcb
(二)
1.ican’tfindthebookthat/which//iboughtyesterday.
2.thegirlwho/thatisstandingonthestageismysister.
3.thewestlakeisoneofthemostfamouslakesinchinathatliesinhangzhou.
4.idon’tknowtheboywho/thatisinblueshirt.
5.mybrotherlikesthesingerswho/thatwritetheirownmusic.
6.thecatwhich/thatisplayingwithaballismine.
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