直接与间接引用详解

直接与间接引用详解

  想要学好英语怎么能不知道直接引语与间接的用法呢?下面就让小编为大家详解一下吧。

  Part I:单词与短语

  a dinner party晚宴;hostess n.女主人;sit next to sb.挨着某人坐;unsmiling adj.不苟言笑的;tight adj.紧身的;take one's seat (动词短语)就座;fix on sth. (动词结构)集中在……上;plate n.盘子;in a short time一会儿功夫;busy doing忙于做某事;make conversation with sb 与某人交谈;in despair 绝望中,绝望之下

  Part II:语法学习

  1.直接引语与间接引语的.相互转换示例

  示例1:I said to her, “A new play is coming to the Globe soon.”

  I said to her that a new play was coming to the Globe soon.

  示例2:I asked her, “Will you be seeing it?”

  I asked her whether she would be seeing it.

  示例3:“Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?” I asked her.

  I asked her if she would be spending her holidays abroad that year.

  示例4:“Will you be staying in England?” I asked her.

  I asked her if she would be staying in England.

  示例5:In despair, I asked her, “Are you enjoying your dinner?”

  In despair, I asked her if she was enjoying her dinner.

  示例6:“Young man,” she answered, “if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.”

  She answered that if I had eaten more and talked less, we would have both enjoyed our dinner.

  2.虚拟语气

  承接刚刚讲过的内容:虚拟语气的本质就是“说废话”。这里,我们开始探讨“说废话”的几种情况:

  第一,在表示虚拟的条件句中“对现在事实说废话”,此时,主句也要做相应的变化予以配合。

  示例:If I had a lot of money, I would buy a new car.(实际情况呢,没钱!)

  第二,在表示虚拟的条件句中“对过去事实说废话”,此时,主句也要做相应的变化予以配合。

  示例:If you had told me the truth earlier, I would not have acted like that.(实际情况呢,你没告诉我,而我呢,也就那样做了!)

  第三,在表示虚拟的条件句中“对将来事实说废话”,此时,主句也要做相应的变化予以配合。

  示例:If I were to die tomorrow, I would not sleep tonight.(实际情况呢?身体棒着呢!明天不可能死,今晚呢,也就会照常呼呼大睡!)

  Part III:综合训练

  Last week (1) a dinner party, the hostess asked me (2) sit next to a Mrs. Rumbold. She was a big, (3 unsmile) lady (4) a tight black dress. She did not even look (5) (6) I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were (7 fix) (8) her plate (9) in a short time, she was busy (10 eat). I tried to make a conversation. 'A new play is coming to the Globe. Will you (11) seeing it?' 'No,' she answered. 'Will you (12) spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. 'Will you (13) staying in England (14) Christmas?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. (15) despair, I asked her (16) she was enjoying her dinner (17) she answered 'Young man, (18) you (19 eat) more (20) (21 talk) less, we (22) both enjoy our dinner.'

  答案:

  (1) at; (2) to; (3) unsmiling; (4) in; (5) up;

  (6) when; (7) fixed; (8) on; (9) and; (10) eating;

  (11) be; (12) be; (13) be; (14) for; (15) In;

  (16) whether//if; (17) and; (18) if; (19) ate; (20) and;

  (21) talked; (22) would

  Part IV:句子翻译

  英语中必须掌握的连词

  史上最多解法的英文歧义句

  从句与先行词一致原则

  1. 上周在一次晚宴上,女主人让我坐在一位Rumbold夫人旁边。

  2. 这位夫人是个大块头、不苟言笑的人,身穿一件黑色紧身衣。

  3. 我在她身旁就座时她连头都没抬一下。

  4. 她两眼紧盯着盘子,一会儿功夫,她就忙着吃上了。

  5. 我试着跟她攀谈。

  6. 一部新剧就要在环球剧院演出了,你准备去看吗?

  7. 你今年准备去国外度假吗?

  8. 绝望中,我问她是否吃得尽兴,她回答说:“年青人,如果你多吃饭少讲话,我们两人就都会吃得尽兴了。”

  答案:

  1. Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to a Mrs. Rumbold.

  2. She was a big, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.

  3. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her.

  4. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.

  5. I tried to make a conversation.

  6. A new play is coming to the Globe, and will you be seeing it?

  7. Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?

  8. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner and she answered 'Young man, if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.'

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