that用法详解

　　想要学好考研英语怎么能不知道that的用法呢?下面就让小编为大家详解一下吧。欢迎阅读收藏。

　　that是英语中十分常见的单词，用法灵活多样，是英语中最常用的词汇之一。正因为它是我们认为自己最熟悉的单词，反而容易忽视它。在考研英语中，对that的考查包括三个方面：

　　(1)that作指示代词的用法;

　　(2)that作连词引导各类从句时，需要准确辨别从句类型。

　　一、that 作限定词或代词

　　that可以作限定词或代词连接名词或名词短语，也可单独使用，用以指代人或者物。此外，that不仅可以指代单独的人或物，还可以指代一句话。

　　例：Furthermore, in the early days of long line fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around now. [2006, text3]

　　分析：

　　A.分析句子结构。Furthermore, in the early days of long line fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks //after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, //because there are fewer sharks around now.

　　第一个句子的主句为a lot of fish were lost to sharks，介词短语in the early days of long line fishing作状语，after引导时间状语从句。第二个句子主句是That is no longer a problem, that为代词，because引导原因状语从句。

　　B.分析that指代。that指代第一句话，“a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked”，其中after引导时间状语从句。

　　C.译文：而且，在使用多钩长线捕鱼的初期，许多鱼被钩住后又被鲨鱼夺走。这不再是一个问题，因为附近的鲨鱼更少了。

　　二、that作副词表示程度，相当于so

　　例：It isn’t all that cold. 天没有那么冷。

　　三、that作连词引导各类从句

　　(1)that引导名词性从句

　　that后面连接一个完整的陈述句，可以位于主语、宾语、表语或同位语的位置，分别引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。此时，that没有实意，而且不在从句中做任何成分。that引导主语从句和同位语从句时不可以省略。

　　例1：That the plates are movingis now beyond dispute. (主语从句)

　　地球板块是在漂移的，这一事实毋庸置疑。

　　例2：The truth is that everyone should take care of orphan, not just the authorities.(表语从句)

　　事实是，所有人都应该照顾孤儿，而不仅仅是完全由政府承担。

　　例3：All people believed that it was right to rescue the temple. (宾语从句)(注：that可以省略)

　　所有人都认为拯救古庙是正确的。

　　例4：The students expressed their hope that they could be admitted by that university.(同位语从句)

　　学生们表达了他们向被这所大学录取的愿望。

　　(2)that引导定语从句

　　that引导定语从句，在从句中充当主语、表语或者宾语，既可以指代人，也可以指代物。that在定语从句中作宾语时，引导词that可以省略。

　　例1：The professor that you admire most will visit our university next month.

　　你敬仰的那个教授下月会到我们学校参观。

　　例2：This is one of the subways that will be put into use in two years.

　　这是未来两年内将开通的地铁之一。

　　例3：I have nothing that is worth reading.

　　我没有什么值得一读的东西。

　　(注：当先行词中有不定代词、形容词最高级、序数词或者先行词被the only，the very等限定词修饰等情况下，定语从句引导词也只能用that。)

　　(3)that与其他单词结合引导状语从句

　　that可以和其他单词结构共同引导状语从句，例如such...that，so...that等引导结果状语从句，in order that，so that等引导目的状语从句，in that，now that，on the grounds that等引导原因状语从句，suppose/supposing/assume/assuming/provided/providing that，on condition that等引导条件状语从句等。

　　例1：She has made suchrapid progress thatbefore long she could pass the exam.

　　她进步很快，不久就能通过考试的。

　　例2：You should make full use of this opportunityso thatyou can get rich experience.

　　你应该充分利用这次机会，以便获得丰富的经验。

　　例3：Supposing thatyou were in my position, what would you do?

　　如果你在我的位置，你会怎么做?

　　例4：On condition thatyou were lost in the desert, you should ask for help as soon as possible.

　　如果你在沙漠中迷路，你应该尽早寻求帮助。

　　(4)that引导强调句

　　“It is/was+被强调部分+that从句”是高频使用的一种强调句型，其中被强调部分可以作从句的主语、宾语和状语等。强调句中去掉“it is/was”和“that”后，句子成分和语义仍然完整。

　　例：It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again.

　　战争结束后爱因斯坦才能重新进行他的研究工作。

　　拓展阅读

　　关系代词that 的用法

　　1)不用that的情况

　　a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。

　　(错)　The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

　　b) 介词后不能用。

　　We depend on the land from which we get our food.

　　We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

　　2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

　　a)　在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

　　b)　在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

　　c)　先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。

　　d)　先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.

　　e)　先行词既有人，又有物时。

　　举例：

　　All that is needed is a supply of oil.

　　所需的只是供油问题。

　　Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

　　那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

　　that的六种用法

　　1、that作指示代词：

　　That is my book.那是我的书。

　　2、that作指示形容词：

　　We haven't found any solution to deal with that problem yet.我们仍未找到解决问题的办法。

　　3、that作关系代词引导定语从句：

　　This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves.这是杰里米喜欢的东西。

　　4、that作连词：

　　that可以作连词引导各种名词性从句，包括宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。

　　that可以作连词引导各种名词性从句，包括宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。

　　1)that作连词引导宾语从句：

　　They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired. 他们建议将该处关闭并进行维修。

　　2)that作连词引导主语从句：

　　That you will win the medal seems unlikely. 你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。

　　3)that作连词引导同位语从句：

　　The idea that modern art can only be seen in museums is mistaken. 现代艺术只能在博物馆才能见到的想法是错误的。

　　4)that作连词引导表语从句：

　　One problem is that I don't look any different from other people. 有一个问题是我看起来和其它人没有任何不同。

　　that还可以作连词引导结果状语从句，阅读时需要留意这个用法。

　　What was the matter with the fellow that he looked so happy? 那人怎么回事，看起来这样高兴?

　　5、that作副词：

　　that和this都可以作副词，用于修饰形容词或修饰另一个副词，表示“这么，那么，如此，这般”的`意思，如:

　　It's about that long. 它大约有那么长。

　　that 引导的结果状语从句

　　1)由that引导的状语从句：

　　What have I done that you should treat me like this? 我究竟干了什么，你竟这样对待我?

　　2)结果状语从句中的that 有时还可以省列：

　　He is such a marvelous joker you can't help laughing. 他的笑话讲得那么出色，你会禁不住哈哈大笑。

　　6、从结构的角度讲,区分that是引导状语从句还是引导定语从句可以根椐从句的成分是否完整来判断。

　　定语从句通常是不完整的,即从句所修饰的先行词会在从句中充当某成分。如:t is a story that people believe.这是一个人们都相信的故事。 (这里story作believe的宾语。)