中医的专业术语英文翻译

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　　中国医药学：traditional Chinese medicine

　　中医基础理论:basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine

　　临床经验:clinical experience

　　辨证论治:treatment based on syndrome differentiation

　　本草:materia medica //medicinal herbs

　　中药Chinese herbs

　　四气五味:four properties and five tastes

　　针灸acupuncture and moxibustion

　　各家学说theories of different schools

　　汗法: diaphoresis /diaphoretic therapy

　　下法:purgative therapy

　　吐法:emetic therapy

　　补土派:school of invigorating the earth

　　病因学说:theory of etiology

　　养生:health-cultivation

　　医疗实践medical practice

　　治疗原则:therapeutic principles

　　寒凉药物:herbs of cold and cool nature

　　滋阴降火:nourishing yin to lower fire

　　瘀血致病:disease caused by blood stasis

　　先天之精:congenital essence

　　气的运动变化:movement and changes of qi

　　形与神俱:inseparability of the body and spirit

　　神明: spirit/mental activity

　　脏腑:zang-organs and fu-organs/viscera

　　功能活动:functional activities

　　形神统一:unity of the body and spirit

　　阴阳失调:imbalance of yin and yang

　　正邪相争:struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic factors

　　治未病prevention of disease

　　调养 to cultivate health

　　正气 healthy qi

　　病邪 pathogenic factor

　　疾病的防治 prevention and treatment of disease

　　整体观念 concept of holism

　　五脏five zang-organs

　　六腑six fu-organs

　　经络系统system of meridians and collaterals

　　形神统一unity of the body and spirit

　　有机整体organic wholeness

　　表里关系exterior and interior relation

　　开窍opening into

　　生长化收藏five element function

　　脉象pulse conditions

　　正邪关系the states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi

　　自然现象natural phenomena

　　哲学概念philosophical concept

　　对立统一unity and opposites

　　相互消长mutual waning and waxing

　　阴阳属性nature of yin and yang

　　相互转化mutual transformation

　　相互联系interrelation

　　相互制约mutual restraint

　　动态平衡dynamic balance

　　阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium

　　阳消阴长 yang waning and yin waxing

　　阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang

　　阳胜则热 predominance of yang generating heat

　　寒极生热 extreme cold generating heat

　　热极生寒extreme heat generating cold

　　相反相成 opposite and supplementary to each other

　　生理功能physiological functions

　　病理变化pathological changes

　　临床诊断clinical diagnosis

　　有机整体organic wholeness/entirety

　　正邪斗争struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic factors

　　绝对偏盛absolute predominance

　　阳虚则寒yang deficiency leading to cold

　　阳损及阴consumption of yang involving yin

　　阴液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid

　　病机pathogenesis

　　五行学说theory of five elements

　　运动变化motion and variation

　　条达舒畅free development

　　相生相克mutual generation and restriction

　　生我我生to be generated and to generate

　　克我我克to be restricted and to restrict

　　生中有制restriction within generation

　　克中有生generation within restriction

　　木曰曲直Wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally

　　火曰炎上Fire is characterized by flaming up

　　土曰稼穑Earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping

　　金曰从革Metal is characterized by change

　　水曰润下Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing

　　方位配五行correspondence of the directions to the five elements

　　相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction

　　土乘木The wood over-restrains the earth

　　土虚木乘 Earth deficiency leading to over-restriction by wood

　　金虚木侮metal deficiency leading to counter-restriction by wood

　　生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction

　　制则生化restriction ensuring generation

　　传变transmission of disease

　　母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ

　　子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ

　　肝肾精血不足insufficiency of kidney and liver essence and blood

　　肝阳上亢hyperactivity of liver yang

　　藏象学说 theory of visceral manifestations

　　五脏六腑 five zang-organs and six fu-organs

　　奇恒之府 extraordinary fu-organs

　　水谷精微 cereal nutrients

　　传化水谷 transmissions and transformation of food

　　贮藏精气 storage of essence

　　表里关系 interior and exterior relationship

　　治疗效应 curative effect

　　临床实践 clinical practice

　　藏而不泻 storage without excretion

　　心肝血虚deficiency of heart and liver blood

　　心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire

　　心火亢盛exuberance of heart fire

　　滋肾养肝nourishing the kidney and liver

　　肝阴不足insufficiency of the liver yin

　　温肾健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen

　　肾阳式微declination of kidney yang

　　脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang

　　肝旺脾虚hyperactivity of the liver and weakness of the spleen

　　脾胃虚弱weakness of the spleen and stomach

　　平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach

　　水湿停聚retention of water-dampness

　　肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin

　　心肾不交disharmony between the heart and kidney

　　水火不济discordance between water and fire

　　阴阳俱损simultaneous consumption of yin and yang

　　阴阳两虚simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang

　　损其有余reducing excess

　　补其不足supplementing insufficiency

　　阴中求阳obtaining yang from yin

　　虚寒证deficiency-cold syndrome

　　扶阳益火strengthening yang to increasing fire

　　祛风散寒eliminating wind to dispersing cold

　　消导积滞promoting digestion and removing food retention

　　潜阳息风suppressing yang to quench wind

　　阴阳的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang

　　相互依存interdependence

　　阴阳离决separation of yin and yang

　　阴阳转化transformation between yin and yang

　　发热恶寒fever and aversion to cold

　　头身疼痛headache and body pain

　　感受湿邪the attack of dampness

　　清热泄火cleaning away heat and reducing fire

　　腠理muscular interstices

　　水湿停滞retention of water and dampness

　　气血运行circulation of qi and blood

　　疾病的本质与现象:nature and manifestations of disease

　　阴阳的相对平衡:relative balance between yin and yang

　　疾病的发生与发展:occurrence and development of disease

　　同病异治:treating the same disease with different therapies

　　异病同治:treating different diseases with the same therapy

　　1、中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。

　　TCM, a medical system with a history of thousands years，has summarized the experience of the Chinese people accumulating in the struggle against diseases、

　　2、中医学在古代唯物论和辩证法思想的影响和指导下，通过长期的医疗实践，逐步形成并发展为独特的医学理论体系。

　　Under the influence and guidance of classical Chinese materialism and dialectics,tradition Chinese medicine has eventually evolved into a medical system with unique theory through long term medical practice、

　　3、中医学是研究人体生理病理以及疾病的诊断和防治的一门科学。

　　Tradition Chinese medicine is a science focusing on the study of the physiology and pathology of the human body as well as the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of disease、

　　4、黄帝内经总结了春秋战国以来的'医疗成就和治疗经验，确立了中医学独特的理论体系，成为中医药学发展的基础。

　　The Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine has summed up the medical achievements and clinical experiences since the Spring-Autumn Period and Warring States ，establishing the unique theoretical system of TCM and laying the foundation for the development of TCM

　　5、难经内容十分丰富，补充了内经的不足，成为后世指导临床实践的理论基础。

　　The Canon on Medical Problems is rich in content, supplementing what the Huangdi’s Canon of Medicine lacks and serving as the theoretical basis for the clinical practice of the latter generations

　　6、阴常有余，阳常不足。

　　Yang is frequently in excess while yin is often in deficiency

　　7、温病是研究四时温病的发生发展规律以及其诊治方法的一门临床学科。

　　Epedemic febrile disease is a clinical specialty concentrating on the study of the occurrence , developing tendency , diagnosis and treatment of febrile diseases in the four seasons、

　　8、中医在其长期的发展过程中，形成了各家学说In its long course of development, TCM has developed into various schools of theories、

　　9、内伤脾胃，百病由生。

　　The interior impairment of the spleen and stomach would bring about the occurrence of various diseases、

　　10、中药不但包含有草药，而且包含有矿物药和动物药等。

　　Chinese materia medica includes not only medicinal herbs but also minerals and animal parts、

　　1、中医学在其形成过程中受到了古代唯物论和辩证法思想的深刻影响。

　　During the long course of its development and practice , tradition Chinese medicine has been under the influence of classical Chinese materialism and dialectics、

　　2、中医学认为，世界是物质的，是阴阳二气相互作用的结果

　　Tradition Chinese medicine holds that the world is material and is the result of the interaction of yin and yang

　　3、天地合气，命之曰人

　　The existence of human beings depends on the interaction between the celestial qi and terrestrial qi

　　4、中医学认为精气是生命的本原物质，这种精气先身而生，具有遗传性

　　According to tradition Chinese medicine, essence is the essential substance for life、 Such an essential substance exists prior to the formation of the body and is hereditary

　　5、父母之精气相合，形成胚胎发育的原始物质The combination of the parental essence is the primary substance for the formation of fetus

　　人体各组织器官共处于统一体中，不论在生理上还是在病理上都是相互联系相互影响的All the tissues and organs in the human body are in a unity which associate with each other and influence each other both physiologically and pathologically

　　疾病是可以认识的，也是可以防治的

　　Diseases are cognizable, preventable and curable、

　　治病必须抓住疾病的根本矛盾，即所谓的治病必求于本The treatment of disease must focus on the root cause、 That is what “the treatment of disease must concentrate on the principal aspect “ means

　　寒者热之，热者寒之，虚者补之，实者泻之

　　Cold disease should be treated by warm therapy, while febrile disease should be treated by cold therapy, deficiency syndrome should be treated by supplementing therapy, while excess syndrome should be treated by purgative therapy

　　人是自然界的一个组成部分，并与自然界有着密切的联系

　　Human being is one of the components in nature and keeps close relationship with nature

　　人的生命活动过程就是人体阴阳对立双方在不断地矛盾运动中取得统一的过程

　　The process of life activity is a course in which yin and yang in the human body realize unity after constant contradictory movement

　　1、中医理论体系的基本特点就是整体观念和辨证论治TCM is characterized by the concept of organic wholeness and treatment based on syndrome differentiation、

　　2、中医学认为人体是一个有机的整体

　　Tradition Chinese medicine holds that the human body is an organic whole、

　　3、人体各组成部分在功能上相互为用，在病理上相互影响The components of human body functionally depend on each other and pathologically affect each other

　　4、整体观念贯穿于中医生理病理诊法辩证和治疗的各个方面

　　The concept of holism permeates through all the fields in TCM, including physiology, pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment、

　　5、人体某一局部区域内的病理变化往往与全身脏腑气血阴阳的盛衰有关

　　The pathological changes in certain part or region of the human body are usually related to the conditions of viscera, qi and blood as well as yin and yang in the whole body

　　6、人体内部脏腑的虚实气血的盛衰和津液的盈亏都可呈现于舌The condition of the viscera, qi , blood and body fluid all can be manifested over the tongue

　　7、心开窍于舌并与小肠相表里

　　The heart opens into the tongue and is exteriorly and interiorly related to the small intestine

　　8、人与天地相应

　　The human beings are in correspondence with the universe

　　9、春夏脉多浮大，秋冬脉多沉小

　　In the spring and summer, the pulse appears floating and large, while in the autumn and winter, the pulse appears deep and small

　　10、人体阳气白天多趋于表，夜晚多趋于里

　　The yang-qi in the human body tends to flow in the exterior in daytime and in the interior at night

　　13、 Treatment based on syndrome differentiation is the basic principle for understanding and treating disease in TCM and also one of the basic characteristics of TCM、

　　14、 Syndrome is a pathological summarization of a disease at a certain stage of its development、

　　15、 Syndrome differentiation and disease treatment are two inseparable parts in diagnosing and treating disease、

　　16、 TCM emphasizes the differentiation of both disease and syndrome in understanding and treating disease、

　　1、阴阳是中国古代哲学的一对范畴

　　Yin and yang are two categories in classical Chinese philosophy、

　　2、阴阳的对立和消长是宇宙的基本规律

　　The opposition and waning-waxing of yin and yang are the basic laws in the universe、

　　3、阴阳是自然界相互关联的某些事物和现象对立双方的概括

　　Yin and yang refer to two opposite aspects of interrelated things or phenomena in the natural world、

　　4、世界是物质性的整体，是阴阳二气对立统一的结果

　　The world is a material integrity and is the result of the unity of opposites of yin and yang、

　　5、宇宙间一切事物的发生、发展和变化都是阴阳对立统一矛盾运动的结果

　　The occurrence development and changes of all things in the universe result from the unity and opposition between yin and yang、

　　6、阴阳代表着相互对立又相互关联的事物属性Yin and yang represent the properties of things that are both opposite and related to each other、

　　7、天气清轻故属阳，地气重着故属阴

　　The celestial is light and lucid and thus pertaining to yang while the terrestrial qi is heavy and lucid and therefore pertaining to yin、

　　8、阳化气，阴成形

　　Yang transforms qi while yin shapes into configuration、

　　9、阴阳相互制约的过程就是相互消长的过程

　　The process of mutual restriction between yin and yang signifies the course of waning and waxing between yin and yang、

　　10、阳依存于阴，阴依存于阳，每一方都以其相对的另一方的存在为自己的存在前提

　　Yin and yang depend on each other、 Neither can exist in isolation、

　　1、人生有形，不离阴阳

　　Man has a physical shape which is inseparable from yin and yang、

　　2、对于人体的生理功能，中医学也是用阴阳学说加以概括说明

　　TCM explains and summarizes that the physiological functions of human body according to the theory of yin and yang

　　3、功能属于阳，物质属于阴Function pertains to yang while substance to yin、

　　4、如果阴阳不能相互为用而分离，人的生命也就终止了The separation of yin and yang will lead to the end of life

　　5、阴阳的协调平衡是健康的表现

　　The balance and harmony of yin and yang are the manifestations of health、

　　6、无论疾病的病理变化如何复杂，都不外乎阴阳的偏盛偏衰

　　No matter how complicated the pathogenic changes of diseases are,, they all can be included in the predominance or decline of yin and yang、

　　7、邪气泛指各种致病因素

　　The pathogenic factors refer to various factors that bring about disease、

　　8、正气指整个机体的结构与功能，包括人体对疾病的抵抗力等

　　Healthy qi refer to the structure and functions of the human body including the resistance against disease、

　　9、阴虚则内热，阳虚则外寒

　　Asthenia of yin leads to heat in the interior while asthenia of yang brings about cold in the exterior、

　　10、机体阴或阳的任何一方虚损到一定程度，必然导致另一方的不足。

　　If asthenia of yin or yang in the body develops to a certain degree, it will inevitably leads to insufficiency of the other side、

　　木火土金水是不可缺少的五种最基本物质

　　Wood fire earth metal and water are the most essential and indispensable materials、

　　任何事物都不是孤立的、静止的，而是在不断的相生相克的运动中维持着协调平衡

　　Nothing in the world is solitary and static、 In fact everything in the universe maintains harmonic balance through constant mutual generation and restriction、

　　中医理论体系在形成过程中，受到古代五行学说的深刻影响

　　The theoretical system of TCM has been under the influence of classical theories of the five elements、

　　五行理论主要用以分析各种事物的五行属性，也是研究事物之间相互联系的基本法则The theory of five elements is mainly used to analyze the properties of the five elements of various things according to the five elements and study the basic law of the inter-relation between things、

　　水具有滋润和向下的特性

　　Water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing、

　　火具有温热上升的特性

　　Fire is characterized by flaming upward、

　　肝主升而归属于木

　　Since the liver functions to ascend, it pertains to wood、

　　心阳主温煦而归属于火

　　Since the heart yang functions to warm, it pertains to fire、

　　脾主运化而归属于土

　　Since the spleen functions to transform and transport, it pertains to earth、

　　肺主降而归属于金

　　Since the lung functions to descend, it pertains to metal、