考研英语作文写作的语法结构1

　　?1. 主动句变被动句

　　“英文多被动，汉语多主动”，还需要警惕名词与动词之间暗含的“主被动”关系。

　　Eg1: It is said that …据说/相传

　　Eg2：I suggest that … It is suggested that …

　　Eg3：Effective measures should be taken before things get worse.表建议

　　Eg4: your prompt attention to my enquiry would be highly appreciated. 表感激

　　Eg5：Students should study hard.

　　Students are expected / well-advised to study hard.

　　?2. 简单句变从句

　　名词性从句，含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种;定语从句;状语从句

　　A. 主语从句：

　　Eg1：What worries many parents is that Internet or computer games may impact kids’ study.

　　Eg2：It is said that an emperor of ancient China discovered Tea 5,000 years ago. (it为形式主语;that从句为真正主语)

　　B.宾语从句：

　　Eg1：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measured by how much they can borrow, not by how much they can earn.

　　Eg2: I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to study hard.

　　Eg3：明智的人不为别人的想法所影响。The sensible man is not influenced by what other people think.

　　C. 表语从句：

　　Eg1：That is why China is called the “Kingdom of Bicycles”.

　　Eg3：In team games, practice is what improves our sense of cooperation.

　　D. 同位语从句

　　Eg1：(Martin Luther King) I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." (该句中a dream = that 从句，)

　　Eg2：Others hold the different idea that online shopping brings us some problems.

　　E. 含同位语句式

　　A.人 身份

　　Eg. I am convinced that …

　　As a college student, I am convinced that …

　　I, as a college student, am convinced that …

　　B. 物 性质

　　Eg. A strong will brings us power …

　　As a vital quality, a strong will brings us power…

　　A strong will, as a vital quality, brings us power…

　　插入语

　　Eg1：As I see, the causes of this phenomenon are perse.

　　The causes of this phenomenon, as I see, are perse.

　　Eg2：All of a sudden, the silence of the lake was broken by a scream.

　　The silence of the lake, all of a sudden, was broken by a scream.

　　Eg3：Even so, others hold a different view.

　　Others, even so, hold a different view.

　　Eg4：Like anything else, automobiles have more than one side. (汽车跟很多其他事物一样，具有两面性)

　　Automobiles, like anything else, have more than one side.

　　F. 定语从句：

　　步骤：1)先写出正确简单句，确定被修饰成分(中心名词)

　　2)在中心名词后加入定从，关系词who, whose, whom, where, which, when

　　Eg1：Taobao is a particularly popular website. ? Taobao is a particularly popular website, where/in which customers can purchase various goods.

　　Eg2：I will advice my foreign friend to visit Great Wall, where he or she can acquire knowledge of Chinese history.?

　　?3. it 句式

　　A. 形式主语 it is +被动/形容词/名词+that从句/to do …

　　Eg1：It is suggested/ well-advised / supposed / proposed that sb. should (not) do …

　　Eg2：It is essential / necessary / advisable / convenient/ difficult/ hard/ comfortable for sb. (not) to do

　　Eg3：It is essential / necessary that sb. should (not) do …

　　Eg4：It is useless/useful doing sth.

　　B. 形式宾语

　　Eg1：An increasing number of students find it difficult to spell common words correctly.

　　Eg2：An increasing number of parents find it hard to have opportunities to chat with kids, who spend too much time on computers.

　　Eg3：A host of youngsters find it rather boring and hard to understand literature.

　　?4. 强调句

　　A. 强调谓语：

　　Eg1：I love you. /I do love you. / I did love you.

　　Eg2：Cell phone/ Internet/ computer brings us convenience.

　　Cell phone/ Internet/ computer does bring us convenience.

　　B. 强调句式：It is/was +被强调成分+that/who+句子其他成分。

　　【步骤】

　　a. 先写出正确的简单句、并列句或复合句，明确单句的各个成分。

　　b. 在被强调成分(除谓语和补语外)两边添加it is/was 和that/who， 其他成分不变，必要时调整顺序。

　　【强调句式特征】去掉it is/was…that/who结构，整个句子无冗余或成分残缺。

　　Eg1：My mother always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study.

　　It is my mother who/that always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study.

　　It is when I have difficulties in study that my mother always encourages me not to lose heart.

　　Eg2：Parents’ protection does not enable kids to build up adequate ability to face social competition.

　　(强调句式否定形式)It is parents’ protection that does not enable kids to build up adequate ability to face social competition.

　　Eg3：The Internet does not enable some youngsters to spend adequate time in chatting with others face to face.

　　It is the Internet that does not enable some youngsters to spend adequate time in chatting with others face to face.

　　?5. 倒装

　　A. 表否定的副词、短语或状语位于主语之前或句首，主句半倒装(一般疑问句语序);如never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, on no account, by mo means, in no case,

　　Eg1：I will never agree. Never will I agree.

　　B. Only +状语位于句首，主句半倒装。

　　Eg1：When my beloved is beside myself, I can feel the true happiness.

　　Only when my beloved is beside myself, can I feel the true happiness.

　　Eg2：When his computer crashes, he will come down-stairs for something to eat.

　　Only when his computer crashes, will he come down-stairs for something to eat.

　　Eg3：By doing small things, teenagers can accumulate ability and experience for something big.

　　Only doing small thing, can teenagers accumulate ability and experience for something big.

　　C.As/though倒装形式

　　Eg1：Although she is a girl, Zeng Yike is called Brother Zeng.

　　Girl as she is, Zeng Yike is called Brother Zeng.

　　Eg2：Though it is convenient, online shopping leads to some problems.

　　Convenient as/though it is, online shopping leads to some problems.

　　Eg3：Although it is simple, what the picture conveys is thought-provoking.

　　Simple as it is, what the picture conveys is thought-provoking.

　　?6.双重否定：

　　Eg1：no ____ is / are more _____ than ________.

　　In contemporary society, no means of communication is more popular and common than cell phones.

　　Eg2：A strong will is very important.

　　The importance of a strong will cannot be too emphasized.

　　Eg3：Education helps people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.

　　Without education, it is impossible for people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.

　　?7. Ving/ved 状语

　　A. 两个动作同时发生且主语一致，将次要动作写成v-ing或v-ed形式做状语，即动作与逻辑主语之间为主动关系时写成v-ing形式、为被动关系是写成V-ed形式。

　　Eg1：I climbed the stairs. I took a suitcase.

　　I climbed the stairs, taking a suitcase.

　　Climbing the stairs, I took a suitcase.

　　Eg2：When they are compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.

　　Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.

　　Bicycles, compared with cars, are superior in several ways.

　　B.两个动作主语一致，但前后发生，则可将先发生的动作写成Having +ved形式。

　　Eg1：He had lived in this city for years. He had no difficulty finding the way home.

　　Having lived in this city for years, he had no difficulty finding the way home.

　　?8. 排比结构

　　Eg1：Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability. (Bacon)

　　Eg2：We shall fight on the hills. We shall fight in the streets. We shall fight blood and sweet and tears. (Churchill)

　　Eg3：作为一种重要素质，自信带给我们力量、唤起我们对生活的热爱、帮助我们战胜困难。

　　As a vital quality, confidence brings us power, arouses our enthusiasm for life, and helps us to conquer difficulties.

考研英语作文写作的语法结构2

　　规律一：英语运用能力不等于英语考试能力

　　**学生学英语的过程，是不断参加英语考试的过程，从中考英语、高考英语，四六级英语，到专四、专八英语，再到考研英语，甚至出国考试(托福、雅思、GRE等)。在此过程中，希望考生们要明白的是，英语运用能力不等于英语考试能力，一个人英语考试时总能考高分，可就是说不好英语，而有的人听力口语能力很好，考试成绩却很一般。

　　这一点都不稀奇，能力强但没有经过任何考试技能训练，有可能得不到高分。能力不强，很有可能在短期内获得考试的高分，尽考研英语参考书管他的英语沟通能力并没有明显的提高。因为，考试的内容是相对有限而有规定的，而能力的提高是长期的数学考研事情。对于考研英语来说，无论是阅读理解还是英语写作，都有考试的规律性和技术性。比如，要在阅读理解上拿高分，并不需要你完全理解文章，只要真正理解20%的内容就能解决文章80%的题目。但是要把握如何确定哪些材料属于20%的关键材料，需要一定的考试训练。

　　规律二：考研英语能力的提高需要考试训练

　　任何一个考研高分的同学都离不开对相当数量的好题目的分析和训练。考试能力的提高离不开考试技能的提高和对考试内容的训练。

　　考试训练不是死记硬背，也不是搞题海战术，这样很容易身心疲惫。比如有的同学在训练时做了大量的选择题目，但每次还会在同样的地方犯同样的错误，原因很简单，每次做错题后，都没有深入思考一下为什么。这样的结果是浪费了大量的时间并且没有成就感和进步感，从而可能丧失学英语的.自信。

　　所以，考试训练的关键考研数学大纲问题是做题后的反思和总结，做到“知其然”，又“知其所以然”，才不至于在同一个地方跌倒两次甚至多次。

　　规律三：考研英语最好的备考资料——历年真题

　　时下，社会上充斥着各种考试培训机构，而我们判断他们的好坏的唯一标准就是其是否对该考试的历年真题做分析、研究，并从中总结出科学规律让考生在一定时间内提高成绩。否则，它的可信度肯定是不高的。

　　试题一年一个样，但对基本知识点的考查是相对不变的。英语考试所有的重点单词尽在历年真题中;英语考试所有基础重点考点尽在历年真题中;英语考试所有的重要规律尽在历年真题中。

考研英语作文写作的语法结构 (菁选2篇)扩展阅读

考研英语作文写作的语法结构 (菁选2篇)（扩展1）

——考研英语写作需要掌握哪些语法结构 (菁选2篇)

考研英语写作需要掌握哪些语法结构1

　　?1. 主动句变被动句

　　“英文多被动，汉语多主动”，还需要警惕名词与动词之间暗含的“主被动”关系。

　　Eg1: It is said that …据说/相传

　　Eg2：I suggest that … It is suggested that …

　　Eg3：Effective measures should be taken before things get worse.表建议

　　Eg4: your prompt attention to my enquiry would be highly appreciated. 表感激

　　Eg5：Students should study hard.

　　Students are expected / well-advised to study hard.

　　?2. 简单句变从句

　　名词性从句，含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种;定语从句;状语从句

　　A. 主语从句：

　　Eg1：What worries many parents is that Internet or computer games may impact kids’ study.

　　Eg2：It is said that an emperor of ancient China discovered Tea 5,000 years ago. (it为形式主语;that从句为真正主语)

　　B.宾语从句：

　　Eg1：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measured by how much they can borrow, not by how much they can earn.

　　Eg2: I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to study hard.

　　Eg3：明智的人不为别人的想法所影响。The sensible man is not influenced by what other people think.

　　C. 表语从句：

　　Eg1：That is why China is called the “Kingdom of Bicycles”.

　　Eg3：In team games, practice is what improves our sense of cooperation.

　　D. 同位语从句

　　Eg1：(Martin Luther King) I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." (该句中a dream = that 从句，)

　　Eg2：Others hold the different idea that online shopping brings us some problems.

　　E. 含同位语句式

　　A.人 身份

　　Eg. I am convinced that …

　　As a college student, I am convinced that …

　　I, as a college student, am convinced that …

　　B. 物 性质

　　Eg. A strong will brings us power …

　　As a vital quality, a strong will brings us power…

　　A strong will, as a vital quality, brings us power…

　　插入语

　　Eg1：As I see, the causes of this phenomenon are perse.

　　The causes of this phenomenon, as I see, are perse.

　　Eg2：All of a sudden, the silence of the lake was broken by a scream.

　　The silence of the lake, all of a sudden, was broken by a scream.

　　Eg3：Even so, others hold a different view.

　　Others, even so, hold a different view.

　　Eg4：Like anything else, automobiles have more than one side. (汽车跟很多其他事物一样，具有两面性)

　　Automobiles, like anything else, have more than one side.

　　F. 定语从句：

　　步骤：1)先写出正确简单句，确定被修饰成分(中心名词)

　　2)在中心名词后加入定从，关系词who, whose, whom, where, which, when

　　Eg1：Taobao is a particularly popular website. ? Taobao is a particularly popular website, where/in which customers can purchase various goods.

　　Eg2：I will advice my foreign friend to visit Great Wall, where he or she can acquire knowledge of Chinese history.?

　　?3. it 句式

　　A. 形式主语 it is +被动/形容词/名词+that从句/to do …

　　Eg1：It is suggested/ well-advised / supposed / proposed that sb. should (not) do …

　　Eg2：It is essential / necessary / advisable / convenient/ difficult/ hard/ comfortable for sb. (not) to do

　　Eg3：It is essential / necessary that sb. should (not) do …

　　Eg4：It is useless/useful doing sth.

　　B. 形式宾语

　　Eg1：An increasing number of students find it difficult to spell common words correctly.

　　Eg2：An increasing number of parents find it hard to have opportunities to chat with kids, who spend too much time on computers.

　　Eg3：A host of youngsters find it rather boring and hard to understand literature.

　　?4. 强调句

　　A. 强调谓语：

　　Eg1：I love you. /I do love you. / I did love you.

　　Eg2：Cell phone/ Internet/ computer brings us convenience.

　　Cell phone/ Internet/ computer does bring us convenience.

　　B. 强调句式：It is/was +被强调成分+that/who+句子其他成分。

　　【步骤】

　　a. 先写出正确的简单句、并列句或复合句，明确单句的各个成分。

　　b. 在被强调成分(除谓语和补语外)两边添加it is/was 和that/who， 其他成分不变，必要时调整顺序。

　　【强调句式特征】去掉it is/was…that/who结构，整个句子无冗余或成分残缺。

　　Eg1：My mother always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study.

　　It is my mother who/that always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study.

　　It is when I have difficulties in study that my mother always encourages me not to lose heart.

　　Eg2：Parents’ protection does not enable kids to build up adequate ability to face social competition.

　　(强调句式否定形式)It is parents’ protection that does not enable kids to build up adequate ability to face social competition.

　　Eg3：The Internet does not enable some youngsters to spend adequate time in chatting with others face to face.

　　It is the Internet that does not enable some youngsters to spend adequate time in chatting with others face to face.

　　?5. 倒装

　　A. 表否定的副词、短语或状语位于主语之前或句首，主句半倒装(一般疑问句语序);如never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, on no account, by mo means, in no case,

　　Eg1：I will never agree. Never will I agree.

　　B. Only +状语位于句首，主句半倒装。

　　Eg1：When my beloved is beside myself, I can feel the true happiness.

　　Only when my beloved is beside myself, can I feel the true happiness.

　　Eg2：When his computer crashes, he will come down-stairs for something to eat.

　　Only when his computer crashes, will he come down-stairs for something to eat.

　　Eg3：By doing small things, teenagers can accumulate ability and experience for something big.

　　Only doing small thing, can teenagers accumulate ability and experience for something big.

　　C.As/though倒装形式

　　Eg1：Although she is a girl, Zeng Yike is called Brother Zeng.

　　Girl as she is, Zeng Yike is called Brother Zeng.

　　Eg2：Though it is convenient, online shopping leads to some problems.

　　Convenient as/though it is, online shopping leads to some problems.

　　Eg3：Although it is simple, what the picture conveys is thought-provoking.

　　Simple as it is, what the picture conveys is thought-provoking.

　　?6.双重否定：

　　Eg1：no ____ is / are more _____ than ________.

　　In contemporary society, no means of communication is more popular and common than cell phones.

　　Eg2：A strong will is very important.

　　The importance of a strong will cannot be too emphasized.

　　Eg3：Education helps people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.

　　Without education, it is impossible for people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.

　　?7. Ving/ved 状语

　　A. 两个动作同时发生且主语一致，将次要动作写成v-ing或v-ed形式做状语，即动作与逻辑主语之间为主动关系时写成v-ing形式、为被动关系是写成V-ed形式。

　　Eg1：I climbed the stairs. I took a suitcase.

　　I climbed the stairs, taking a suitcase.

　　Climbing the stairs, I took a suitcase.

　　Eg2：When they are compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.

　　Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.

　　Bicycles, compared with cars, are superior in several ways.

　　B.两个动作主语一致，但前后发生，则可将先发生的动作写成Having +ved形式。

　　Eg1：He had lived in this city for years. He had no difficulty finding the way home.

　　Having lived in this city for years, he had no difficulty finding the way home.

　　?8. 排比结构

　　Eg1：Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability. (Bacon)

　　Eg2：We shall fight on the hills. We shall fight in the streets. We shall fight blood and sweet and tears. (Churchill)

　　Eg3：作为一种重要素质，自信带给我们力量、唤起我们对生活的热爱、帮助我们战胜困难。

　　As a vital quality, confidence brings us power, arouses our enthusiasm for life, and helps us to conquer difficulties.

　　考研英语中应用文写作，通过模板句型，经典的例句完全可以得到比较理想的分数，因为“言简意赅”就是它的特点。而大作文对于语言表达上的要求要高几个level，只是模式化的文字已经不足以打动考官，需要在原有的结构上进一步创新，让考官看的跌宕起伏，还是昏昏欲睡才是高低分的关键所在。

考研英语写作需要掌握哪些语法结构2

　　一、背诵、默写范文

　　背诵不能不说是积极备战快速提高写作成绩的一条捷径。考生可以选择历年真题的范文和一些与真题作文相近的文章进行背诵。同时，基础稍好些的同学，可以背一下小作文的优秀模板，及大作文的模板框架和句式，然后依据模板进行训练。

　　语言要求：

　　用词准确：用词准确是最基本的要求之一。

　　语法正确：语法错误是考试的失分点所在，在小作文的写作中应尽量少用缩略语和口语。

　　句型多变：既有并列句，也有复合句，还有从句。

　　小作文的考查要求中会体现出文章的背景场合和写作目的，考生应针对不同情境选择不同表达。不同的应用文有不同的用语，建议考生对某些应用文的格式和习惯用语加以熟悉和背诵，以便运用自如。

　　二、活用模板，注重素材的积累，适当加入自己的内容。

　　我们在初练写作的时候套用模板是正常的事情，也是一个必经的过程，只有先试用别人的东西，才能学习和积累写作素材。模板要活学活用，不要一字不差的照抄无误，而是要根据自己所要表达的内容进行更改。写作不一定要字字句句都是难词，长句，而是要学会运用一些常见词的常见短语去表达，这样才能真正显示写作的水*。这就要求学生在*时的学习中注意积累常用的短语或者词组，以备写作之用。

　　另外，关于写作素材，不仅仅指写作常用的词汇，句型或者语法结构，还要包括所用的事例。比如：2001年的写作真题，要求写“爱心”，第二段要求用实例证明主题。有的考生见题就写“我考试面临很大的压力，我的朋友是如何帮助我排解压力的”，这显然就是素材贫乏造成的后果。题目中的“爱心”是指“大爱”，陌生人互帮互助的心态。如果写“汶川地震，希望工程”这类事例，显然非常符合题目要求，而且事例又广为人知，比写“朋友如何帮助我”更生动，更有说服力。因此，在*常的练习中要注意从阅读中积累素材，积累词句，而不要仅仅局限于模板之中。

　　三、使用谚语，增加闪光点

　　有些意志品质类的文章，如果加入一句相关的谚语会让你的文章大放光彩。但是不能直接写句子。加一个模板句型：An ancient oriental philosopher said，“谚语”：一位古老东方的先哲曾经说过，……。有同学说**的谚语为什么用东方的先哲呢?比如：Where there is a will, there is a way.是**的谚语，**也有有志者，事竟成的.语句。文化都是相通的，可以放心来用。建议大家在闲暇的时候多翻看一下英文的谚语，积少成多，相信对大家一定有所帮助。

考研英语作文写作的语法结构 (菁选2篇)（扩展2）

——英语基本句子语法结构 (菁选2篇)

英语基本句子语法结构1

　　补语:是一种补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分

　　1. 容词用作主语补语是常置于主语之前,后有逗号.

　　Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 我又累又困,就去睡了.

　　有时可以置于主语之后,前后都有逗号,与非限定性定语相似.

　　The man, cruel beyond belief, didn’t listen to their pleadings. 那人不可置疑地残酷,不听取他们的恳求.

　　2.可以用做宾语补语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等

　　They named the child Jimmy. 他们将孩子命名为吉米.(名词用作并与补语)

　　My mother looks so young that you would think her my sister. 我的母亲面很嫩,你会以为她是我的姐姐(名词短语作宾语补语)

　　He boiled the egg hard. 她将鸡蛋煮老了.(形容词用作宾语补语)

　　I found the book very interesting.我发现那本书很有趣.(形容词短语用作宾补)

　　The comrades wanted Dr. Bethune to take cover. 同志们要白求恩大夫隐蔽一下.(不定式用作宾语补语)

　　I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul.我把这个叫做拆东墙补西墙.(动名作宾补 )

　　Don’t take his kindness for granted.不要把他的友善看作是当然的事.

英语基本句子语法结构2

　　定语：定语是用来说明名词(代词)的品质与特征的词或一组词

　　可用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句和句子等.

　　1.形容词用作定语是大量的.

　　She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的'音乐家.

　　He must be the best violinist alive.他一定是最好的在世的小提琴手了.(后置定语)

　　2. 名词用作定语.如

　　A baby girl 女婴

　　well water 井水

　　Sports car 双座轻型汽车

　　A fool’s paradise 梦幻的天堂

　　2.代词作定语.

　　Your hair needs cutting. 你该理发了.(物主代词用作定语)

　　Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 人人负责就是无人负责. (不定代词所有格作定语)

　　3.数词作定语

　　There’s only one way to do it. 做此事只有一法.

　　Do it now, you may not get a second chance. 现在就干吧,你可能再没有机会了.

　　基数词用作后置定语： page 24 Room 201 the year 1949

　　4. 副词充当定语时常后置

　　the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界 the way out 出路 a day off 休息日

　　5.不定式用作定语

　　Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘记了答应写信的事.

　　That’s the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法.

　　6.动名词用作定语.

　　A walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 安眠yao eating implements 吃饭用具 learning method 学习方法

　　7.分词充当定语

　　a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者 a retired worker 一个退休工人 a faded flower 一朵谢了的花

　　7.介词短语用作定语.

　　This is a map of China. 这是一幅**地图.

　　The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words. 他那凶暴的目光说明得再清楚不过了.

　　8.从句用作定语,即定语从句

　　The car that’s parked outside is mine. 停在外面的车是我的.

　　Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one. 我在外面看见你的汽车了,它给另一辆车撞了.

考研英语作文写作的语法结构 (菁选2篇)（扩展3）

——考研英语写作的语法结构

考研英语写作的语法结构1

　　一、背诵单词与阅读相结合

　　孤立地按照单词表背单词的优点在于记忆速度很快，而缺点在于记忆不牢固，常常出现"背了后面忘前面"的情况。如果能够结合实际语境进行理解、记忆则可以更加有效地记忆词汇。因为单词只有放在语境下，放在阅读中，它才是活的，记忆的速度也会大为提高，不仅如此，通过读文章记忆单词的过程中还可以进一步熟悉各种英语语法现象、短语，培养良好的语感等。通过语境背单词，可以高效地掌握其固定搭配等，从而增加形近词辨析、近义词辨析、熟词辨析、单词喻义、引申义等的`理解能力。

　　二、背诵单词与写作相结合

　　写作是练笔的最好机会，也是词汇从大脑中倾泻到笔端的最好方法。考生在记忆词汇时，要定期练习作文话题及句型的写作表达，以便把那段时间学会的单词，短语等运用到作文的训练中。这样词汇的记忆会更牢固，掌握起来更容易，同时也提高了写作的语言表达基本功。

　　三、背诵单词与循环复习相结合

　　记忆英语词汇，复习、背诵是必要步骤。复习是为了查漏补缺，是为了更好地巩固以前所学过的知识，考研英语中有5500左右词汇需要掌握，除了按部就班地每日背诵外，还需要及时回过头巩固复习，而循环记忆的规律可按照艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线图的规律进行：当天复习，三天进行小循环，一周进行大循环，从而做到定时复习，定时检查，只有如此，词汇才会牢牢记住。

　　四、挖掘高频高难词汇，重点强化记忆

　　考研英语词汇背诵中，高频率词汇和高难度词汇都要重点记忆。掌握了高频高难词汇，考生词汇记忆中可以省去很多事。考生尤其必须掌握高频词汇的拼写、基本用法和意思;考生要通过精读历年真题来学习高频词汇，这样的词汇需要反复复习，反复巩固，才能突破，所以考生们在每天的复习中，要随时将较难记忆的单词做好标识，重点记忆。并且尽量增加使用这些词汇的机会。

　　五、按照难度分类记忆

　　几乎所有的词汇书都是按照字母顺序排列单词的。这样的排列方式忽略了一个最大的问题：记忆的相互干扰。比如，当你记忆A之后再记忆B，B就会对A形成记忆干扰，而再记忆C的时候就会对A和B同时形成干扰，这就是为什么很多同学都遇到了"背了后面忘前面"的情况。当然，这种干扰不可避免，但我们可以尽量减少干扰的程度。记忆干扰程度的大小取决于你记忆B和C的难度。难度越大，干扰越大。当你费了九牛二虎之力背下了一个难度等级很高的词汇的时候，你前面背的很多词汇也差不多忘了一半。所以，同学们在背词汇的时候要注意首先把词汇按照难度分级，先选择容易的记忆，把难背的词汇放在以后背。这样可以**提高词汇的记忆效果。

考研英语作文写作的语法结构 (菁选2篇)（扩展4）

——大学英语用语法丰富句子结构的写作方法3篇

大学英语用语法丰富句子结构的写作方法1

　　名词性从句，含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种;定语从句;状语从句

　　(1)主语从句：

　　Eg1：What worries many parents is that Internet or com*r games may impact kids’ study.

　　Eg2：It is said that an emperor of ancient China discovered Tea 5,000 years ago. (it为形式主语;that从句为真正主语)

　　(2)宾语从句：

　　Eg1：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measured by how much they can borrow, not by how much they can earn.

　　Eg2: I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to study hard.

　　Eg3：明智的人不为别人的想法所影响。The sensible man is not influenced by what other people think.

　　(3)表语从句：

　　Eg1：That is why China is called the “Kingdom of Bicycles”.

　　Eg3：In team games, practice is what improves our sense of cooperation.

　　(4) 同位语从句

　　Eg1：(Martin Luther King) I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." (该句中a dream = that 从句，)

　　Eg2：Others hold the different idea that online shopping brings us some problems.

　　(5) 含同位语句式

　　①人 身份

　　Eg. I am convinced that …

　　As a college student, I am convinced that …

　　I, as a college student, am convinced that …

　　② 物 性质

　　Eg. A strong will brings us power …

　　As a vital quality, a strong will brings us power…

　　A strong will, as a vital quality, brings us power…

　　③插入语

　　Eg1：As I see, the causes of this phenomenon are perse.

　　The causes of this phenomenon, as I see, are perse.

　　Eg2：All of a sudden, the silence of the lake was broken by a scream.

　　The silence of the lake, all of a sudden, was broken by a scream.

　　Eg3：Even so, others hold a different view.

　　Others, even so, hold a different view.

　　Eg4：Like anything else, automobiles have more than one side. (汽车跟很多其他事物一样，具有两面性)

　　Automobiles, like anything else, have more than one side.

　　(6)定语从句：

　　步骤：1)先写出正确简单句，确定被修饰成分(中心名词)

　　2)在中心名词后加入定从，关系词who, whose, whom, where, which, when

　　Eg1：Taobao is a particularly popular website. ? Taobao is a particularly popular website, where/in which customers can purchase various goods.

　　Eg2：I will advice my foreign friend to visit Great Wall, where he or she can acquire knowledge of Chinese history?

大学英语用语法丰富句子结构的写作方法2

　　Eg1：no ____ is / are more _____ than ________.

　　In contemporary society, no means of communication is more popular and common than cell phones.

　　Eg2：A strong will is very important.

　　The importance of a strong will cannot be too emphasized.

　　Eg3：Education helps people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.

　　Without education, it is impossible for people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.

大学英语用语法丰富句子结构的写作方法3

　　(1)两个动作同时发生且主语一致，将次要动作写成v-ing或v-ed形式做状语，即动作与逻辑主语之间为主动关系时写成v-ing形式、为被动关系是写成V-ed形式。

　　Eg1：I climbed the stairs. I took a suitcase.

　　I climbed the stairs, taking a suitcase.

　　Climbing the stairs, I took a suitcase.

　　Eg2：When they are compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.

　　Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.

　　Bicycles, compared with cars, are superior in several ways.

　　(2)两个动作主语一致，但前后发生，则可将先发生的动作写成Having +ved形式。

　　Eg1：He had lived in this city for years. He had no difficulty finding the way home.

　　Having lived in this city for years, he had no difficulty finding the way home.

考研英语作文写作的语法结构 (菁选2篇)（扩展5）

——考研英语基础复习的语法知识 (菁选2篇)

考研英语基础复习的语法知识1

　　?虚拟语气

　　虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。第二点：动词的时态。考研中的虚拟语气一般会出现在阅读理解中。是阅读理解中的一个考点。

　　Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”，with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. (2005年 TEXT1)

　　这是个含有同位语从句的复合句。that引导的同位语从句的谓语动词由would+动词原形be构成。

　　参考译文：这样的行为被认为“完全是人类独有的特点”，其潜在的'含义是其它动物没有这种敏锐的委屈感。

　　?省略

　　省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。省略形式多样，从单词、短语到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断。省略一般出现在翻译中，在翻译的时候，一定要把省略的部分翻译出来，否则会扣分的。

　　Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.(2002，翻译)

　　参考译文：如果这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术**就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯一方式不能也随之继续受到排斥。

　　?从句

　　从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词(connective)引导。根据引导从句为主不同大概可分为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。前四类由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，所以通称名词性从句;定语从句功能相当于形容词，称为形容词性从句;而状语从句功能相当于副词，称为副词性从句。

　　状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、地点状语从句和时间状语从句。在翻译的时候，它会成为一个考点，所在在做题的时候，一定要辨清它到底是什么从句，正确地翻译出来。

　　例如：Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,or that they prey only on“worthless”species.(2010，翻译)

　　分析：本题中含有两个并列的同位语从句，that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on“worthless”species.两个that的内容是对前面的evidence进行补充说明或解释。

　　看完这些攻略，要学会举一反三，做题试试吧!

考研英语基础复习的语法知识2

　　第一步：找范文

　　应用文考察的书信类型有十几种，每一种有不同的写作思路。考生需要先根据书信类型，找出至少两篇优秀的范文。

　　第二步：改范文

　　大部分考生找到的范文可能来自网络，或市面上的书籍。上面即使没有错误，但是容易落入俗套，跟其他考生写的一样。因此，要想得高分，还要根据应用文的写作技巧，对找到的范文进行修改。

　　第三步：整理思路

　　改完范文后整理出每一种书信的写作思路，例如感谢信的写作思路：第一段自我介绍，说明目的;第二段说明自己的困难—得到什么帮助—帮助后自己有哪些改善—说明帮助的重要性;第三段再一次表示感谢，希望偿还好意。整理写作思路后，无论遇到什么样的文章，都可以做到条理清晰，层次分明。

　　第四步：背诵范文

　　将改写完后的范文，以及每一种书信的写作思路，都背下来。

考研英语作文写作的语法结构 (菁选2篇)（扩展6）

——考研英语复习的重点语法有哪些 (菁选2篇)

考研英语复习的重点语法有哪些1

　　1.在以never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, seldom, not only, not until, nor, little, nowhere, hardly….when, no sooner….than, by no means, under no circumstances 等开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。这些都是表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组。

　　例如：

　　Never have I come across such a difficult problem.

　　我还从没有遇到过这样困难的问题。

　　Seldom do I read such magazines. 我很少读这种杂志。

　　No sooner had they left than the bus arrived.

　　他们刚走，公共汽车就来了。

　　Never before have I met him. 我以前从未见过他。

　　Hardly did I think it possible. 我想这几乎不可能。

　　Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but we should try our best to overcome them.

　　我们不但应该不怕困难，而且要尽最大努力克服困难。

　　Not until midnight did it stop raining. 直到半夜雨才停。

　　(正常语序是：It did not stop raining until midnight. 注意not位置的变化)

　　Very seldom do you find that two clocks or watches exactly agree. 你很难发现两个钟或表的时间完全一样。

　　By no means will this method produce satisfactory results.

　　这种方法决不会产生令人满意的结果。

　　翻译练习(使用倒装结构)：

　　1)我从来没有读过这么一本有意思的书。

　　Never have I read such an interesting book.

　　2)她一点也不知道会发生什么事。

　　Little does she know what may happen.

　　3)我简直不相信这是真的。

　　Hardly could I believe it (to be) true.

　　4)我刚到家，就下起大雨来了。

　　No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain heavily.

　　5)最近我很少见到她。

　　Seldom have I met her recently.

　　6)爱因斯坦不仅是世界闻名的科学家，而且还是一个相当不错的小提琴家。

　　Not only was Einstein a world famous scientist, but also a fairly good violinist.

　　7)直到战争结束，他才回家。

　　Not until after the war did he return home.

　　(正常语序是： He did not return home until after the war.)

　　8)在任何情况下，我们都不应该做违***意愿的事。

　　Under no circumstances should we do anything against the will of the people.

　　2.在以“only+状语”开头的句子中，主谓要倒装。这里only后面必须跟有它修饰的状语或状语从句，这是关键。否则就不倒装。

　　例如：

　　Only after the war was over was man able to realize the wickedness of the atomic bomb.

　　只是在战争结束后人类才意识到***的可恶。

　　(注意：only 引导的状语从句不倒装，主句倒装。)

　　Only then did I realize the importance of English.

　　只在那时我才意识到英语的重要性。

　　Only in this way can we improve ourselves.

　　只有用这种方法我们才能不断提高自己。

　　Only after you finish it can you leave.

　　只有结束它以后，你才能离开。(主句倒装)

　　注意：Only 如不在句首，或only 修饰的不是状语，则不倒装。

　　如：

　　The contract was signed only after bitter negotiations. 只有在艰苦的谈判以后，合同才得以签署。

　　(改成倒装：Only after bitter negotiations was the contract signed.)

　　Only the senior staff are allowed to use this room.

　　只许资深的职员使用这个房间。

　　Only five passengers survived the accident.

　　事故中只有五位旅客生存了下来。

　　3.用于以表示处所、声音等意义的副词开头的句子。用表示运动的不及物动词(如go, come, rush, fly 等)作谓语时，为了表示生动，可将某些副词放在句首，谓语动词放在主语之前，形成倒装结构。

　　例如：

　　Away flew the birds. 鸟儿飞走了。

　　Out went the children. 孩子们出去了。

　　Down came the rain. 下起大雨来了。

　　Bang went the firecracker. 爆竹砰的一声响了。

　　The door burst open and in rushed a stranger.

　　门突然开了，一个陌生人冲了进来。

　　4.用倒装来避免头重脚轻，使句子显得*衡。这主要是因为主语过长或强调表语或状语。

　　例如：

　　At the center of the big room over there is a table that is made of wood which is imported from Brazil of South America.

　　在那边那个大房子的**有一张用从南美洲的巴**口的木头做成的桌子。

　　(正常语序：A table that is made of wood which is imported from Brazil of South America is at the center of the big room over there. 这句话主语和谓语间隔太长，不*衡。)

　　Still wider will be the use of radar, which plays a very important role in our national defense.

　　雷达在我们的国防事业中起着非常重要的`作用，它的用处将会更广泛。

　　(正常语序：The use of radar, which plays a very important role in our national defense, will be still wider. 主语和谓语间隔太长，不*衡。)

　　Written in English on the blackboard were these words: “Merry Christmas!” 在黑板上用英语写着这么几个字：“圣诞快乐!”

　　Present at the meeting were the school headmaster, the English teacher, and the students’ parents. 出席会议的有校长、英语教师和学生们的家长。

　　Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms. 金字塔里面是国王和王后们的墓穴和通往墓穴的长通道。

　　5.其他用法

　　倒装还可用在强调表语和宾语的句子中。把表语和宾语提到主语前。

　　如：

　　Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.

　　爱因斯坦就是这样一个取得了伟大成就的单纯的人。

　　Such was the story he told me. 这就是他给我讲的故事。

　　Happy is he who devotes himself to the cause of communism.

考研英语复习的重点语法有哪些2

　　1.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句要倒装

　　例如：

　　Shall I open the door? 要我开门吗?

　　Are you cold? 你冷吗?

　　Can you read this poem in German? 你能用德语朗诵这首诗吗?

　　Which of the pictures do you like best? 你最喜欢哪张画?

　　How are you getting along? 你目前怎么样?

　　When will there be lasting peace in the world?

　　什么时候世界上才能有持久的和*?

　　2.There be 句型当中。There be 句型表达的意思是：“某处有….”。这个句型的主语在谓语动词后面，因此这是倒装语序。

　　例如：

　　There are not many people who want to read this book.

　　想看这本书的人不多。

　　There once lived a pack of wolves in this cave.

　　在这个洞里曾经住过一群狼。

　　There happened to be a taxi parked at the gate.

　　碰巧门口停着一辆出租车。

　　There is going to be a change in our arrangement.

　　我们的安排将有一个变化。

　　3.当连词as 表示“虽然、尽管”引导让步状语从句时，句子要倒装，as 相当于though,可以替换。

　　如：

　　Small as/though the atom is, we can smash it.

　　尽管原子很小，我们可以击碎它。

　　Tired as/though he was, he went on working.

　　(=Although he was very tired, he went on working.)

　　虽然他很累，他还是接着工作。

　　Cold as/though it was, we went out. 虽然天气冷，我们还是出去了。

　　Child as/though she is, she knows a great deal.

　　她虽然是个孩子，但她懂得很多。

　　Teacher as he is, he knows little about teaching.

　　尽管他是个老师，但不懂什么教学。

　　Pilots as he claims he is, no one has ever seen him fly a plane.

　　尽管他声称是个飞行员，但谁也没见过他非飞机。

　　注意后四句是可数名词单数作表语并提前，习惯上不用冠词。

　　4.虚拟语气条件从句中的if 被省略时，要把从句中的were, had 或should 移到主语之前。(if 的省略、倒装只限于从句中有were, had 或should这三个词时。)

　　例如：

　　If I had been in your place, I wouldn’t have given it up so early.

　　=Had I been in your place, I wouldn’t have given it up so early.

　　如果我在你的位置，我不会这样早放弃。

　　If he were to succeed, the sun would rise from the west.

　　=Were he to succeed, the sun….

　　如果他能成功，太阳就会从西边出来。

　　If you should be asked about this, say that you know nothing.

　　=Should you be asked about this, say……

　　如果有人问起你这件事，你就说你什么也不知道。

　　Were there no air or water, there would be no life on the earth.

　　如果没有空气和水，地球上就不会有生命。

　　Had you been more careful, you might have avoided the mistake.

　　如果你再细心点，本来事可以避免这个错误的。

　　5.以so开头的，表示“也一样”，“也这样”的句子要倒装。So 用于肯定句，代替上文中的形容词、名词或动词，通常指前面所说的肯定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是“so + be (do, have 其他助动词或情态动词)+主语”。

　　如：

　　Production is going up, so is the people’s standard of living.

　　生产不断发展，人们的生活水*也一样。

　　Society has changed and so have the people in it. 社会变了，

　　社会上的人也变了。

　　Coal is under the ground, and so is oil. 煤在地底下，石油也是。

　　He saw it, and so did I. 他看见了，我也看见了。

　　They can swim now, and so can we. 他们现在能游泳，我们也能。

　　We must start for the work-site now. So must you.

　　我们该动身去工地了，你们也该去了。

　　注意：如果只是对前句的内容表示同意，则不要倒装。

　　如：

　　It was hot yesterday. ?So it was! 昨天很热。是的。

　　He works very hard. ?So he does. 他工作很努力。是的。

　　Tomorrow will be Monday. ?So it will. 明天星期一。对。

　　翻译下列句子：

　　1)我会说英语。我弟弟也会。

　　→I can speak English. So can my brother.

　　2)他们上星期日到颐和园去了。我们也去了。

　　→They went to the Summer Palace last Sunday. So did we.

　　3)他去过长城。我也去过。

　　→He has been to the Great Wall. So have I.

　　4)她喜欢教英语。我姐姐也喜欢。

　　→She enjoys teaching English. So does my sister.

　　5)你说他很努力，对，他确实很努力，你也一样。

　　→You say he works hard. So he does, and so do you.

　　注意：在so…..that…..结构中，如果so 在句首，通常也用倒装结构。

　　例如：

　　So easy is it that a boy can learn it.

　　那很容易，小孩子都能学。

　　(原句是：It is so easy that a boy can learn it.)

　　So rapidly did he speak that we could hardly understand him clearly. 他说得很快，我们简直听不清楚。

　　(原句是：He spoke so rapidly that we could hardly understand him clearly.)

　　6.以neither与nor开头的句子，表示“…也不”时，句子倒装。Neither 与nor 意思相同，可以互换。Neither, nor 用于否定句，通常指前面所说的否定情况也适用于其他人或物。结构是：Neither (nor) + be (do, have, 其他助动词或情态动词) +主语。

　　例如：

　　I won’t do such a thing. Nor/Neither will anyone else.

　　我不会做这样的事，别人也不会。

　　The first one wasn’t good and neither was the second.

　　第一个不好，第二个也不好。

　　I won’t go there. Neither will she.

　　我将不去那里。她也不去。

　　翻译练习：

　　1)我不知道他住哪儿。她也不知道。

　　I don’t know where he lives. Neither does she.

　　2)我不知道这两个句子的区别。?他们也不知道。

　　I don’t know the difference between these two sentences. Nor do they.

　　3)我昨天晚上没有写作文。魏芳也没写。

　　I didn’t write my composition yesterday evening. Neither did Wei Fang.

　　4)学生们不在教室里。老师也不在。

　　The students were not in the classroom. Nor was the teacher.

　　7.以here, there, now, then 等副词开头的句子中。习惯上用一般现在时(除以then开头的句子用过去时)。

　　例如：

　　There comes the bus! 汽车来了。

　　There goes the bell. 铃响了。

　　Now comes your turn. 该轮到你了。

　　Then came a new difficulty. 接着来了个新难题。

　　Then followed three days of heavy rain. 后来连着下了三天大雨。

　　Up went the plane. 飞起来了飞机。

　　Our rushed a cat from under the bed. 从床底下窜出一只猫。

　　Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。

　　注意：在这种句型中，如果主语是代词时就不倒装。

　　例如：

　　Here you are. 给你。

　　There he comes. 他来了。

　　Here it is. 这就是。

　　8.在表示祝愿的句子中。

　　如：

　　May you have a pleasant trip. 祝你旅途愉快。

考研英语作文写作的语法结构 (菁选2篇)（扩展7）

——考研英语语法知识点的解析 (菁选2篇)

考研英语语法知识点的解析1

　　在学习考研英语谓语动词时，我们常常会遇到谓语动词的四种变化，分别是时态、语态、情态和变态(即虚拟语气)。其中非常重要而又容易混淆的便是动词时态的用法和选择。好多情况下是同学们记不住各种时态的细微差别，或是老师讲解时可以分清怎么去使用，过一段时间却又忘记了。出现这种情况主要是因为同学们没有抓住时态的关键点，一是时，一是态。时指时间，包括过去，过去将来，现在，将来。态指状态，有完成(全部完成)和未完成(部分完成)两种状态。本文我们就时态中比较难的而且是同学们易出错的完成时态进行重点讲解。

　　态，顾名思义，是指一件事存在的状态，有完成(全部完成)和未完成(部分完成)两种。而我们在学习时一说起完成时态，同学们经常想到的是事情完成了这一种状态，常常忽略了第二种情况，那就是事情没有全部完成，只是完成了一部分。这种情况在生活中也是常常出现的，比如说我需要阅读5篇文章，现在我读完3篇文章了。这种情况就属于部分完成。所以，以后我们在说到完成时态时，也要考虑到事情可能没有做完，只是完成了一部分这种情况。换言之，完成时就是截止到某个时间，汇报一下事情完成的状况，可以是全部完成，也可以是部分完成。现在完成时是指截止到现在，汇报事情完成的状况;过去完成时是指截止到过去某点，汇报事情完成的状况;将来完成时是指截止到将来某点，汇报事情完成的状况。下面就以现在完成时为例来讲解一下完成时的用法。

　　现在完成时，时间截点为现在，即看待问题的角度是站在现在往前看完成的状况，动作发生在现在的之前，可能做完了，也可能没有做完。在说话者心目中，动作所产生的影响或后果，所造成的状态，在截止时间的当时或稍后依然存在，或仍有联系。这也是说话者关心的焦点。包括以下三种情况：

　　1.一个发生在时间截止点之前的动作，或者是在时间截止点之前已完成的动作; Jane has gone to London. 珍妮已去伦敦。(表示现在之前已完成的动作)

　　2.一个在时间截止点之前重复的动作;We have had four tests so far this semester. 这学期，我们到现在为止已经考过四次了。(表示现在以前重复发生的行为)

　　3.一个一直进行到时间截止点的动作;I have known him for more than ten years. 我认识他已经十多年了。(表示现在以前一直进行的行为)

　　在现在完成时中，动作是否在时间截止点之后仍要进行不是我们关心的焦点。如果要表示动作在时间截止点之后仍要进行需用完成进行时。如：He has waited for 3 hours.表示可能继续等下去，也可能不再等了。而He has been waiting for 3 hours.强调没有完成，仍要继续等下去。

　　从上面的分析可以发现，现在完成时中，动作或行为发生在现在的以前，它们所产生的影响或后果，所造成的状态，到现在依然存在，或与现在仍有联系。现在完成时就像是一座桥梁把现在和过去连接起来。而一般过去时单纯陈述过去发生的事情。如They worked together as partners for ten years. 他们曾作为合伙人一块工作过十年。(两人现已不在一起工作)They have worked together as partners for ten years. 他们作为合伙人已经一起工作过十年了。(可能仍在合作，也可能刚刚结束合作)They have been working together as partners for ten years. 他们作为合伙人已经一起工作十年了。(还要继续合作)

　　以上是关于英语完成时态在使用时需要注意的一些问题，我们一定要谨记时态之"态"表示的状态有两种，可以是全部完成，也可以是部分完成，而不是仅仅包含完成这一种状态。希望本文的英语时态小解对大家的学习有帮助。

考研英语语法知识点的解析2

　　大家都知道一山不能容二虎，在英语句子中也遵循这个规律，即一个句子只能有一个谓语，如：I tell her the news. 但是有的时候一个句子的某一个成分，如主语，宾语，表语，状语，定语等等，所涵盖的信息量过大，一个单词或是一个短语无法全面表达，这时候就会用一个从句(表示从属关系)来代替。比如说，上句话中我们要表达我告诉她我妈妈已经回来了。此时的宾语涵盖的信息量过大，需要用一个句子来表示：My mom has come back. 整句话就变为I tell her my mom has come back. 这句话中，主句中出现一个谓语，从句中出现一个谓语, 因而违背了一个句子只有一个谓语的原则，那么该怎么办呢?为了解决这个问题，我们在从句之前加上引导词，表明从句的身份，从而让从句比主句低一级，容许在从句中再出现谓语成分。从而上面的句子改写为I tell her that my mom has come back. 引入引导词后，既能完成表意的功能，又满足语法的要求。这就是从句和引导词的起源。

　　刚才提到一个句子的某一个成分，如主语，宾语，表语，状语，定语等等，所涵盖的信息量过大，一个单词或是一个短语无法全面表达，这时候就会用一个从句(表示从属关系)来代替。也就是说，我们在判断从句时可以将从句还原到主句中，看从句在主句中充当什么句子成分，从句便是什么类型的从句。例如，从句在主句中充当主语，便是主语从句。具体到操作层面分为两个步骤，一是找到从句，即找到引导词，二是根据从句在主句中的位置，判断从句在主句中充当的句子成分。主语从句在主句主语的位置，谓语之前(若用it做形式主语，则在谓语之后);宾语从句在主句中宾语的位置，谓语之后;表语从句在主句中表语的.位置，系动词之后;同位语在主句中同位语的位置，名词之后;定语从句在主句中定语的位置，名词之后;状语从句在主句中状语的位置，位置比较灵活，可放在句首或句尾。下面我们看一个例子。

　　John once talked to his mom about the cities that he had visited abroad. 判断这个句子的从句类型时，首先找到引导词that, 然后判断从句位置，在名词cities之后，并且that在从句中充当宾语成分，故为定语从句。