21世纪的管理挑战读后感1

　　管理是一项实践性很强的学科，从管理脱离其他学科成为一项**的学科开始，他就随着时代的发展而变化。可以说，管理学的发展打**深深的时代烙印。

　　上世纪末，站在世纪之交的“现代管理学之父”彼得德鲁克先生用他高远的眼光，深刻的思考，并结合当代的实践，创造性地提出了21世纪的管理应该是什么样的，有哪些值得我们注意的发展方向，给我们描绘了一幅“21世纪的管理蓝图”。今天，我们再读<21世纪的管理挑战>这本经典著作，实在不得不佩服这位大师的超前眼光。许多书中描绘的未来图景，正在我们现实生活中不断地发生着。

　　德鲁克先生在本书中从以下六个方面分析了21世纪管理者面临的挑战:1,管理的新范式。2,战略—新的必然趋势。3,变革的引导者。4,信息挑战。5,知识工作者的生产率。6,自我管理。

　　其中，我对“自我管理”一章深表认同。从管理学院成为一门**的学科开始，众多的学者就将目标投向管理**和管理他人，几乎没有学者将目标锁定为“自我管理”。而德鲁克先生勇开先河，率先提出管理也包括“自我管理”。

　　这是顺应时代发展的必然要求。众所周知，以蒸汽机的广泛应用为标志，人类进入第一次工业**。以电的发明和应用为标志，人类进入第二次工业**。当前，以计算机和互联网的出现和应用为标志，人类跑步进入信息时代，掀起了第三次工业**。在这三次工业**之中，生产力得到了翻天覆地的发展，生产关系也随之深刻调整。过去我们是靠体力劳动者为主，当前越来越多的劳动者转型成为技术工作者和知识工作者。（技术工作者也是知识工作者的一部分）知识工作者以自身储备的知识经验和创新创造精神为基本特征。他们崇尚工作**，强调终身学习，践行社会贡献。

　　因此，知识工作者面临全新的要求！他们需要时刻的提醒自己:我是谁？我的优势是什么？我如何工作？我属于哪里？我能做出什么贡献？我依靠谁？谁依靠我？我们在工作中如何保持人际关系？我们如何规划我们的下半生？等等！每个问题都掷地有声，需要我们知识管理者们严肃的回答！

　　本书已然超出了管理学的`范畴。金庸先生写的武侠小说得到华人世界的一致追捧，获得无数荣耀。然而，他老人家写的最后一部武侠小说<鹿鼎记>，却实在是“不是武侠小说的小说”。武侠小说写到登峰造极之处居然是写的一个市井**如何成功逆袭的故事，从这里我们学习如何研判人性。同样，德鲁克先生一生研究管理学，写到最后，居然写的是一些看似与管理学无关的东东。他同样关注未来，关注人性，从**内管理看到**外管理，从管理别人看到自我管理。各位读者有没有发现，德鲁克先生的管理思想和*古代“修身，齐家，**，*天下”的人生哲学不谋而合！

　　也难怪，它不知不觉得成为了*管理学者和实践者们案头的“精神食粮”！

21世纪的管理挑战读后感扩展阅读

21世纪的管理挑战读后感（扩展1）

——21世纪的管理挑战读后感60篇

21世纪的管理挑战读后感1

　　管理是一项实践性很强的学科，从管理脱离其他学科成为一项**的学科开始，他就随着时代的发展而变化。可以说，管理学的发展打**深深的时代烙印。

　　上世纪末，站在世纪之交的“现代管理学之父”彼得德鲁克先生用他高远的眼光，深刻的思考，并结合当代的实践，创造性地提出了21世纪的管理应该是什么样的，有哪些值得我们注意的发展方向，给我们描绘了一幅“21世纪的管理蓝图”。今天，我们再读<21世纪的管理挑战>这本经典著作，实在不得不佩服这位大师的超前眼光。许多书中描绘的未来图景，正在我们现实生活中不断地发生着。

　　德鲁克先生在本书中从以下六个方面分析了21世纪管理者面临的挑战:1,管理的新范式。2,战略—新的必然趋势。3,变革的引导者。4,信息挑战。5,知识工作者的生产率。6,自我管理。

　　其中，我对“自我管理”一章深表认同。从管理学院成为一门**的学科开始，众多的学者就将目标投向管理**和管理他人，几乎没有学者将目标锁定为“自我管理”。而德鲁克先生勇开先河，率先提出管理也包括“自我管理”。

　　这是顺应时代发展的必然要求。众所周知，以蒸汽机的广泛应用为标志，人类进入第一次工业**。以电的发明和应用为标志，人类进入第二次工业**。当前，以计算机和互联网的出现和应用为标志，人类跑步进入信息时代，掀起了第三次工业**。在这三次工业**之中，生产力得到了翻天覆地的发展，生产关系也随之深刻调整。过去我们是靠体力劳动者为主，当前越来越多的劳动者转型成为技术工作者和知识工作者。（技术工作者也是知识工作者的一部分）知识工作者以自身储备的知识经验和创新创造精神为基本特征。他们崇尚工作**，强调终身学习，践行社会贡献。

　　因此，知识工作者面临全新的要求！他们需要时刻的提醒自己:我是谁？我的优势是什么？我如何工作？我属于哪里？我能做出什么贡献？我依靠谁？谁依靠我？我们在工作中如何保持人际关系？我们如何规划我们的下半生？等等！每个问题都掷地有声，需要我们知识管理者们严肃的回答！

　　本书已然超出了管理学的`范畴。金庸先生写的武侠小说得到华人世界的一致追捧，获得无数荣耀。然而，他老人家写的最后一部武侠小说<鹿鼎记>，却实在是“不是武侠小说的小说”。武侠小说写到登峰造极之处居然是写的一个市井**如何成功逆袭的故事，从这里我们学习如何研判人性。同样，德鲁克先生一生研究管理学，写到最后，居然写的是一些看似与管理学无关的东东。他同样关注未来，关注人性，从**内管理看到**外管理，从管理别人看到自我管理。各位读者有没有发现，德鲁克先生的管理思想和*古代“修身，齐家，**，*天下”的人生哲学不谋而合！

　　也难怪，它不知不觉得成为了*管理学者和实践者们案头的“精神食粮”！

21世纪的管理挑战读后感（扩展2）

——世界是*的21世纪简史读后感3篇

世界是*的21世纪简史读后感1

　　怀着一些好奇和疑惑，我阅读了这本颇受关注的畅销书——托马斯。弗里德曼所著《世界是*的：21世纪简史》。掩卷而思，感触良多。此书是一本论述全球化的专著，全球化抹*了疆界，世界变*了，从小缩成了微小，个人却变得更强大。竞争的立足点变*等了，在3.0时代，只要努力奔跑，小虾米和大鲸鱼都可以成就梦想。

　　《世界是*的》告诉我们，全球化浪潮中，在应对竞争的态度上，书中提到的一则关于瞪羚和狮子的寓言发人深省：在非洲，瞪羚每天早上起来时，它知道自己必须跑得比最快的狮子还快，否则就会被吃掉。狮子每天早上起来时，它知道自己必须跑过跑得最慢的瞪羚，否则就会被**。不管你是狮子还是瞪羚，当太阳升起时，最好的选择就是奔跑。

　　不进则退，我们应当时刻强化危机意识、忧患意识，大到国家，中到公司或团队，小到一个人，在其成长和发展的过程中，创新能力、学习能力和危机意识不可或缺，这都是构成综合竞争力的重要因素。历史经验反复证明，百舸争流，不进则退。地球是圆的，世界是*的，心有多大，舞台就有多宽广。

　　正如书中所说如果没有发生，那是因为没有行动。这讲的就是执行力。比尔。盖茨就曾坦言：“微软在未来10年内，所面临的挑战就是执行力。没有执行力，就没有竞争力。”

　　所谓执行力，简单说，就是落实。我们要靠素质立身、靠品德做人、靠实干进步。根本一点，就是要看是否有坚强的执行力。执行力强不强，直接反映我们的精神状态。态度在一定程度上就是竞争力，因为态度如果不积极，再小的事情也难做好，如果态度良好，再难的事情也会设**成。

　　赢在执行。任何拖沓、任何延误、任何缺位，都将使我们丧失机遇，贻误战机。对于我们员工来说，转变工作态度，提高执行力是个人成长的需要，亦是企业需要。如果每一个员工都树立了树立大局意识、责任意识和奉献意识，沉下心来扎扎实实地做好本职工作，充分发扬开拓进取、求实创新、任劳任怨的精神，那么对企业战略决策的执行力就会**提升。三分决策，七分执行。重大决策执行有力，就能快人一步，抢占先机。

　　因此，我们要思想上重执行，行动上真执行，工作上会执行，通过真抓实干、争创一流，把好思路、好决策转变为发展优势、竞争优势。我们只有提升自己的竞争优势，才能在*坦的世界中有自己的立足之地。

世界是*的21世纪简史读后感2

　　读书主要应该读**，托马斯。费里德曼所著《世界是*的》就属**之中的**，经典的东西没有时效性，可以反复品味，耐人寻味。2年多前我很偶然接触了这本书，读后不仅仅兴奋与被震撼，而且与我多年的某些想法发生了碰撞，产生了强烈的共鸣。这些年反复读了多次这本书，受益颇深。

　　托马斯·弗里德曼把全球化进程划分为3个伟大的时代：第一个时代（全球1·0版本），从哥伦布起航开启世界贸易开始，这一时期全球化是由“国家”的力量在拓展；第二个时代（全球2.0版本），这一时期“跨国公司”扮演着全球化的重要角色；第三个时代（全球3.0版本），这一时期的全球化将以个人为主，在全球范围内合作与竞争以至将世界变为*地。

　　2年多以来，我一直观察***的全球化进程，看看托马斯·弗里德曼的预言会如何在我们周围演变。结果发现：在*1·0版、2.0版和3·0版是以一种极为混合的方式出现着，但距世界是*的还有不小的差距。“国家的力量”在*全球化进程中仍然扮演着主角，公司的跨国经营也刚刚处于萌芽阶段，个人对全球化的影响正在集聚，但仍不足以构成主要**。但《世界是*的》著述中描述的大趋势确实存在着：世界的竞技场已经被夷为*地，世界变*了。

　　***已经具备了使世界夷为*地的工具：电脑、网络、软件，掌握这些技能的人，了解这些观念的人。全部驱动力和引擎已经都准备好了。也许，我们正在等待着什么，也许是启动的钥匙，也许是掌握钥匙的人，更有可能的是一种渐行渐近的量变到质变的过程！

世界是*的21世纪简史读后感3

　　弗里德曼的《世界是*的：21世纪简史》是目前畅销书之一，书中的内容非常丰富，涵盖了社会人文的各个方面，但是我觉得本书的核心关键词，无疑是竞争二字——本书最引人注目的地方在于一个简单而有冲击力的概念：世界是*的，或者说，在柏林墙的倒塌、个人电脑的风行、互联网、外包、内包、跨国公司等等力量的推动下，世界正在被慢慢碾*，届时全球化将推向极致，所有人将会有一个比现在*等的多的竞争环境。

　　然而，书中所谓的“*等”也只是相对的，最明显的莫过于“外包”——由于科技的落后，目前如*、印度等发展*家只能利用劳动力密集的优势为欧美、**等发达国家进行一些附加值低、劳动强度大的.基本工作。比如班加罗尔之于**，或者大连之于**。如果这样的情况一直持续下去，那无疑会赢者更赢、输者更输，差距越来越大。但是，全球化确实在将世界碾*，发展*家在长期从事外包工作的同时，也得到了学习和锻炼，逐渐发展出自己不弱于发达国家的一些领域，比如早在20xx年夏天，班加罗尔的Infosys公司就被**的实习生称为“众人仰望的圣殿”。正如书中引用的原大连*夏德仁所说的那样：“今天，你们**人是设计者和工程师，发展*家只是泥瓦匠，但是我希望有一天我们也成为建筑师！”

　　当然，要做到这一点需要全社会的努力，就整个社会而言，应该强调社会公*。社会、国家及其当权者在强调高智力人才重要性的同时，也要看到同样在为社会流过血汗的其他人，即便是处于社会最底层的人，同样都是国家和社会需要的人才，是社会的精英，应该能够让每个人都能发挥自己的所长，为社会、为国家做出贡献的机会，都有通过自己的努力和劳动改变自己命运的机会。

　　从企业的层面上说，企业和**机构应该要顺应社会的发展趋势，顺应社会环境，做企业最擅长、同时又是对社会有益的事情。只有这样，才有可能对社会作出最大贡献的同时从社会得到回报。而作为企业的管理者和**者，应该挖掘员工身上的潜力，通过一些**和**，激发员工的创造力，这是企业进步的源泉。也只有这样，社会才能真正进步。

　　作为一名普通员工，限于自己的眼界、社会阅历以及生活经历，我对于社会以及整个企业的层面上提到的观点也许是过于理想化了，至少不是目前的我能够推动甚至影响到的。但是，我相信这是社会发展、民族进步的必由之路，无论多么困难，人杰地灵的神州大地总会有人站出来做到。当然这并不意味这我就要放弃努力，我现在所能做的，就是在个人的层面上贡献自己的全部力量。首先，立足自己的本职工作，尽职尽责，不自卑，不自负。其次，就是要注重提高个人技术技能，不断提升竞争力。同时，也希望企业能够给予普通员工更多更好的学习机会，多渠道拓宽员工视野，提升员工的整体实力，进而提升企业核心竞争力，树立好企业的标杆地位。

　　社会和企业都不是**存在和发展的，谁也离不开它们的最基本组成元素——人，只有每个人都得到很好的发展，各个企业乃至整个社会才能健康有序的发展。反过来缺乏社会和企业的**，个人的发展和自身价值的实现也不过是一句空话，只有三者形成一个良性循环，才能在当今日益*坦的地球上获得更高的竞争力！

21世纪的管理挑战读后感（扩展3）

——21世纪的学校作文

21世纪的学校作文1

　　21世纪的学校既新奇又实用，我慢慢给你们介绍。

　　先介绍学校有嫦娥奔月小学、星际争霸实验初中、发现号高中。它们都配备着数字**器等**仪器。学校不仅配着该有的东西还配数字图书室、数字浏览室、教师休息室、教师开会间、学校咨询台、智能黑板、机器人清洁员、机器人保安、总**室、太阳能吸收板。

　　然后介绍学校设备的功能：数字图书室就是通过电脑来查找书籍或看书。数字浏览是通过电脑来资料。教师休息室里配着让教师减压和放松的沙发、按摩椅。教师开会间宽大、明亮，是教师和教师交流的*台，学习的舞台。学校咨询台是一个电脑触摸屏让家长通过它来了解学校的情况。智能黑板跟普通黑板最大的区别在于它是个语音识别屏。机器人清洁员、机器人保安人员就是用机器人代替的清洁员和保安人员。总**室就是**或**学校的电子设备的**室。太阳能吸收板设在教学外侧，提供一切学校所需的能源，节能又环保。

　　最后在来介绍一下学校的.环境：学校四周绿树成荫、花团锦簇……

　　这样的学校能不叫人向往吗?

21世纪的管理挑战读后感（扩展4）

——21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit8内容介绍60篇

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit8内容介绍1

　　When a seven-year-old boy declared that he had fallen in love with a seven-year-old girl, the *s laughed, and the young ones did not understand why. In their eyes, their love was serious and important indeed.

　　Young and in Love

　　Jeanne Marie Laskas

　　Ryan has never had a girlfriend. Not because he is against the idea, but because it has never actually occurred to him. He is 7.

　　When Ryan's father tells him about Katie, a girl who will also be at the weekend getaway, Ryan starts bouncing around as if hit with an electric charge. Maybe it's just that there will be a kid the same age there. He gets so sick of being the only kid around when he and his dad do stuff.

　　Or maybe it's that Katie is reported to like a lot of the same things Ryan likes. Maybe it's the words his father says, the words that Ryan will not be able to get out of his ears: "They say she has 311 Pokemon cards."

　　Ryan has never met anyone with 311 Pokemon cards. He himself has 204. He gathers all of his and puts them in a box, so that he can show them to the girl named Katie.

　　The place is filled with grown-ups when he arrives, old friends drinking beer. Ryan wanders around, saying, "Where's Katie?" until someone points to the family room. He charges in there, hoping it's true.

　　He sees her there curled up on a couch with her mother, watching "Rug-rats." She has long brown hair and big green eyes. "I'm Ryan!" he announces.

　　She looks at him. She says something Ryan has never heard before. She says: "I have pneumonia."

　　Ryan has never met anyone with pneumonia before. There is no denying it any longer. This girl is special.

　　He says, "Do you want to see my Pokemon cards?" She stands up, takes him away to compare collections. She does not brag about the fact that she has more cards than he does, which you have to admit is a class act.

　　A half-hour goes by. Ryan and Katie return to the family room, where many of the grown-ups have gathered. "He asked me to be his girlfriend!" Katie announces.

　　"I have a crush on her!" Ryan says.

　　"I had two boyfriends before," Katie says. "But they were annoying. Not like Ryan. He is the best boyfriend I have ever had."

　　Katie and Ryan can't understand why the grown-ups are laughing; they don't understand that sweethearts don't just come out and say these things. Love isn't like this. Love is something that happens in code. Love is a complicated game of pretending not to love, not to care, so that the other one will have no choice but to love and care. At least this is how it works when you're... mature.

　　They spend the day comparing Pokemon cards. It feels as if they could do this forever. Katie gives Ryan a Psyduck card, and not just because she has six of them. She gives it to him because Psyduck is her very favorite Pokemon character.

　　When it is time to go, Ryan asks if someone can please show him a map, so he can see how far away Katie lives. His father tells him it's a few hundred miles. Ryan feels like throwing up. Katie says, "How about e-mail?" Katie has all the good ideas. Katie's mom and Ryan'a dad agree to set up accounts for the kids.

　　On the drive home, Ryan holds his Psyduck card. He flips it over. He places it next to his cheek. As soon as he walks in the door, he turns on his dad's com*r. For his screen name he chooses Psyduck plus a few of Katie's favorite numbers, and KRKRKR for a password, as many K's next to as many R's as he can fit. In his message he says, "Dear Katie, Hi it's me. What's up? I was just wondering (what was up.) I miss you. Love, Ryan."

　　He awaits her response. He waits an hour. By the second hour, he is sitting at the com*r in tears. "What happened?" he wails to his dad. He wonders if she forgot about him, if any of it was really true. The answer could mean everything. This is love at ground zero. This is a trial run for a heart that will one day occupy a man.

　　"You've got mail," the com*r says. And there she is. "Dear Ryan," she writes. "I just got home. I miss you. I am so glad I am your girlfriend. Love, Katie."

　　Ryan is so happy he can hardly type the words back. "I got your message!" he writes. "It was a great message. It's the only message I have ever got, so it is and always will be my favorite."

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程Unit8内容介绍2

　　girlfriend

　　n. 女朋友

　　weekend

　　n. 周末

　　getaway

　　n. a period of rest and relaxation, esp. a short one (离开大城市的)短暂休假

　　bounce

　　vi. 1. jump up and down 蹦蹦跳跳

　　2. strike a surface and rebound 反弹

　　charge

　　n. 电荷;电量

　　vi. rush forward 向前冲

　　dad

　　n. 爸爸

　　grown-up

　　n. **

　　beer

　　n. 啤酒

　　* couch

　　n. 长沙发

　　pneumonia

　　n. 肺炎

　　deny

　　vt. say that (sth.) is not true 否认;不承认

　　collection

　　n. 收藏(品)

　　brag

　　v. say or declare sth. in a proud way 自夸，吹嘘

　　class

　　n. (口)高质量;出色的风度

　　class act

　　(美俚)出类拔萃的人;出色的事物

　　annoy

　　vt. make (sb.) angry 使烦恼，使生气

　　sweetheart

　　n. 心上人，恋人

　　code

　　n. 代码;密码

　　complicated

　　a. difficult to explain or understand 复杂的，难懂的'

　　mature

　　a. fully grown or developed 成熟的

　　e-mail

　　n. electronic mail 电子邮件

　　* flip

　　vt. turn (sth.) quickly 快速翻动;转动

　　cheek

　　n. 脸颊

　　screen

　　n. 屏幕

　　password

　　n. 口令，密码

　　await

　　vt. wait for 等待

　　wail

　　vt. 哭着说

　　trial

　　n. 试;试验

　　trial run

　　试行;试车;试航;试演

　　occupy

　　vt. take up (a place) 占据

　　purpose

　　n. an intention or plan 目的

　　mail

　　n. 邮件

　　Phrases and Expressions

　　be sick of

　　be tired of 厌倦

　　curl up

　　sit or lie with legs drawn up 蜷缩

　　brag about

　　say or declare (sth.) in a very proud way 夸口，吹嘘

　　go by

　　pass (时间)过去

　　have a crush on

　　(口)非常喜欢;狂热地爱上

　　come out

　　appear in public 露面

　　throw up

　　vomit 呕吐

　　set up

　　establish or arrange 建立

　　flip over

　　turn over (quickly) 快速翻过来

　　in tears

　　crying 哭泣着，流着泪

21世纪的管理挑战读后感（扩展5）

——21世纪大学英语读写基础教程The Future课文解读60篇

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程The Future课文解读1

　　What will our future be like? What might happen in the year 2144? How far can your imagination take you into the future? Let's see what a newspaper in New Zealand tells us.

　　The Future

　　Will the future be one of robots and spaceships, or meditation and organic food? Today and next Wednesday The Post steps into the future, and asks the experts what they think the world of tomorrow will be like.

　　Imagine you are holding the December 11, 2144 edition of The Evening Post. It won't be made of paper, but a thin screen that can be folded up and put in your pocket or bag. You'll use the same screen tomorrow, when the day's news will be beamed to its tiny modem via satellite.

　　The modem will chatter away all day, updating stories from around the world as they happen, complete with moving pictures and sound. A retina scanner will follow your eye, scrolling each page as you get near the bottom. The paper's com*r will record which stories interest you most and design a custom menu every time you switch it on.

　　Let's see what's happening today. Again, the big local story is the disappearing apartment blocks at Happy Valley. Built over an old landfill, this expensive new development is slowly sinking into the ground. Engineers suspect plastic milk bottles dumped with their caps screwed on in the late-20th century are bursting under the weight of the buildings. "People back then," says Wellington's Mayor in a live interview, "were pretty stupid."

　　Overseas a power failure at a cryo-prison in Alabama during the holiday weekend saw 50,000 inmates thawed prematurely, and in Bangladesh monsoon floods have wiped out hundreds of villages. Some things don't change.

　　In reality, we can't predict what the pages of this newspaper will contain 144 years from now because we can't predict the future. But in two weeks we will arrive in the new millennium, a date long held up as the future, but which will soon represent a new beginning.

　　Thirty years ago it was expected that by 2000 commuters would fly to work on highways in the sky, that robots with pinnies would do the vacuuming, that humans would have colonised our near planets and the moon.

　　Our cars are still stuck firmly on the ground, although even the most basic family runabout has a powerful electronic brain which tells it how much fuel to use and figures out in milliseconds how to save the occupants in a crash.

　　We still do the vacuuming ourselves, although our ovens tell us when food is ready. We can download whole libraries through our home com*rs and view snaps of friends on the other side of the world seconds after they are taken.

　　We have yet to live anywhere other than Earth, although missions into space have allowed us to develop new medicines, information chips and superconductors to make life better down here.

　　Who would have believed we'd be altering the genetic make-up of animals so they can grow replacement organs for us? Who'd have believed the drink machine in the foyer dials for supplies when it senses it's getting low?

　　At the dawn of the new millennium the future seems to be coming at us at a frightening pace, with the world seeming to change almost weekly.

　　What then, will it be like in 100 years? 500? 1000? Will it be a technological future with space hotels, rocket cars, genetically engineered people and automated homes? Or will it be an organic future with a new emphasis on spirituality and nature?

　　Will humankind still be blighted by war? Will we be able to cure cancer? Will we still get married? What sort of world will our children inherit?

　　Over the past few months The Post has been asking experts in their fields to take an educated, but fanciful, guess. None claims to be able to tell the future, but by tracking current trends they can give us an idea of what to expect in the world of tomorrow.

　　You won't be around to read the December 11, 2144 edition of The Evening Post, but this is the next best thing.

　　Welcome to the future.

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程The Future课文解读2

　　robot

　　n. an automatic machine that can perform the actions of a person 机器人

　　spaceship

　　n. a vehicle used for travelling in space 航天器;宇宙飞船

　　organic

　　a. 1. not using artificial chemicals in the production of plants and animals for food 施有机肥料的

　　2. of, found in, or formed by living things 生物体的;有机体的

　　expert

　　n. a person with special knowledge, skill or training in a particular field 专家;能手

　　edition

　　n. one printing of a book, newspaper, etc. (书、报等的)版次

　　fold

　　vt. bend (sth.) so that one part is over another 折叠

　　beam

　　vt. transmit (a signal) in a particular direction 定向发射(无线电信号等)

　　modem

　　n. (计算机)调制解调器

　　via

　　prep.through 通过

　　* update

　　vt. make (sth.) more modern or up-to-date 更新

　　retina

　　n. 视网膜

　　scanner

　　n. 扫描器

　　scroll

　　vt. (on a com*r display) move a cursor smoothly, causing new data to replace old on the monitor (象展开卷轴般)将文字显示于屏幕

　　design

　　vt. plan or arrange so as to make sure that sth. fulfils your purpose 设计

　　custom

　　a. made specially for inpidual customers 定制的;定做的

　　switch

　　vt. turn (an electrical device) on or off 用开关把(电器)开启(或关掉)

　　disappear

　　vi. cease to be seen 消失;不见

　　apartment

　　n. a set of rooms on one floor of a building 公寓;单元房

　　valley

　　n. a stretch of land between hills or mountains 谷，山谷

　　landfill

　　n. an area built up from deposits of solid garbage 用垃圾填筑而成的地面

　　suspect

　　vt. believe without certain proof; guess 推测，猜想;认为

　　dump

　　vt. throw away (garbage, rubbish, etc.) in a heap or a place set apart for the purpose 倾倒(垃圾等)

　　screw

　　v. fasten (sth.) by turning or twisting 拧紧

　　mayor

　　n. the chief executive of a city or a town *

　　overseas

　　ad. across the sea; abroad 到**;***

　　cryo-prison

　　n. 冰冻**

　　inmate

　　n. any of a number of people living together in an institution, esp. a prison (尤指**中的)被收容者

　　thaw

　　vi. change from a frozen to a liquid state 融化;化冻

　　* prematurely

　　ad. before the proper or usual time; too early 比(正常)时间提早地;过早地

　　monsoon

　　n. 季风

　　contain

　　vt. have or hold within itself 包含，容纳

　　millennium

　　n. a period of 1000 years 一千年

　　highway

　　n. a main public road 公路;交通要道

　　pinny

　　n. 围裙

　　vacuum

　　vi. clean with a vacuum cleaner 用吸尘器打扫

　　colonise

　　vt. make into a colony 在…开拓**地

　　firmly

　　ad. in a firm way 牢固地;稳固地;坚定地

　　runabout

　　n. 敞蓬小轿车

　　electronic

　　a. 电子的

　　millisecond

　　n. 毫秒

　　occupant

　　n. a person who occupies a car, house, etc. 占用者，居住者

　　crash

　　n. an accident in which a vehicle hits sth., usu causing damage, and often injury or death (车辆等)碰撞;撞毁

　　oven

　　n. 烤箱

　　download

　　vt. transfer (a program, data, etc.) from a larger com*r system to a smaller com*r 下载(计算机程序、资料等)

　　snap

　　n. short for snapshot (口)快照，简照

　　chip

　　n. 集成电路片;微(型)电路

　　superconductor

　　n. 超导体

　　alter

　　v. become or make different; change (使)改变;变更

　　* genetic

　　a. 基因的.

　　makeup

　　n. combination of things, people, etc. that form sth.; composition of sth. (事物、人等的)组合;构成

　　replacement

　　n. 1. the act of replacing 代替;替换

　　2. a person or thing that takes the place of another 接替者;替换物

　　organ

　　n. a part of an animal body or plant serving a particular purpose 器官

　　foyer

　　n. an entrance hall or large open space in a theatre, hotel, etc., where people can meet or talk (剧场、旅馆等的)门厅，休息厅

　　pace

　　n. rate of progress or development (进步或发展的)速度;节奏

　　weekly

　　ad. once a week or every week 每星期;每周一次

　　technological

　　a. 技术的

　　rocket

　　n. 火箭;火箭发动机

　　genetically

　　ad. 因基因决定地

　　engineer

　　vt. 设计;建造

　　automate

　　vt. cause (sth.) to work automatically 使自动化

　　emphasis

　　n. stress 强调

　　spirituality

　　n. 精神性;灵性

　　humankind

　　n. 人类

　　blight

　　vt. spoil or ruin 损害

　　cancer

　　n. 癌症

　　inherit

　　vt. receive (property, a title, etc.) as a result of the death of the previous owner or be born with (a physical or mental quality) that a parent, grandparent or other relative has 继承

　　fanciful

　　a. showing imagination rather than reason and experience 幻想的;想像的

　　track

　　vt. follow the course or movements of 跟踪;追踪

　　current

　　a. of the present time; happening now 现时的，当前的

　　trend

　　n. the way or direction things tend to go 趋势;动向

　　Phrases and Expressions

　　step into

　　enter 走进，进入

　　fold up

　　make smaller in size by folding 折叠

　　chatter away

　　clatter continuously from vibration (机器)不停地咯咯作响

　　switch on

　　turn on 打开(电灯、收音机等)

　　screw on

　　旋，拧;旋牢

　　wipe out

　　destroy completely 彻底摧毁;消灭

　　hold sb./sth. up

　　show sb./sth. as an example 举某人(某事物)作为范例

　　other than

　　except 除…之外

　　come at

　　move towards in a threatening manner 冲向

21世纪的管理挑战读后感（扩展6）

——21世纪杯全国英语演讲比赛稿 (菁选3篇)

21世纪杯全国英语演讲比赛稿1

Good morning ladies and gentlemen:

　　The title of my speech today is "The Doors that Are Open to Us ".

　　The other day my aunt paid me a visit. She was overjoyed. "I got the highest mark in the mid-term examination!" she said. Don't be surprised! My aunt is indeed a student; to be exact, a college student at the age of 45.

　　Last year, she put aside her private business and signed up for a one-year, full-time management course in a college. "This was the wisest decision I have ever made," she said proudly like a teenage girl. To her, college is always a right place to pick up new ideas, and new ideas always make her feel young.

　　"Compared with the late 70s," she says, "now college students have many doors." My aunt cannot help but recall her first college experience in 1978 when college doors began to be re-opened after the Cultural Revolution. She was assigned to study engineering despite her desire to study Chinese literature, and a few years later, the government sent her to work in a TV factory.

　　I was shocked when she first told me how she (had) had no choice in her major and job. Look at us today! So many doors are open to us! I believe there have never been such abundant opportunities for self-development as we have today. And my aunt told me that we should reach our goals by grasping all these opportunities.

　　The first door I see is the opportunity to study different kinds of subjects that interest us. My aunt said she was happy to study management, but she was also happy that she could attend lectures on ancient Chinese poetry and on Shakespearean drama. As for myself, I am an English major, but I may also go to lectures on history. To me, if college education in the past emphasized specialization, now, it emphasizes free and well-rounded development of each inpidual. So all the fine achievements of human civilization are open to us.

　　The second door is the door to the outside world. Learning goes beyond classrooms and national boundaries. My aunt remembers her previous college days as monotonous and even calls her generation "frogs in a well." But today, as the world becomes a global village, it is important that our neighbors and we be open-minded to learn with and from each other. I have many fellow international classmates, and I am ap*ing to an exchange program with a university abroad. As for my aunt, she is planning to get an MBA degree in the United Kingdom where her daughter, my cousin, is now doing her master's degree in biochemistry. We are now taking the opportunity to study overseas, and when we come back, we'll put to use what we have learnt abroad.

　　The third door is the door to lifelong learning. As new ideas appear all the time, we always need to acquire new knowledge, regardless of our age. Naturally, my aunt herself is the best example. Many of my aunt's contemporaries say that she is amazingly up-to-date for a middle-aged woman. She sim* responds, "Age doesn't matter. What * is your attitude. You may think it's strange that I am still going to college, but I don't think I'm too old to learn." Yes, she is right. Since the government removed the age limit for college admissions in 20xx, there are already some untraditional students, sitting with us in the same classrooms. Like these people, my aunt is old but she is very young in spirit. With her incredible energy and determination, she embodies both tradition and modernity.

　　The doors open to us also pose challenges. For instance, we are faced with the challenge of a balanced learning, the challenge of preserving our fine tradition while learning from the West, and the challenge of learning continuously while carrying heavy responsibilities to our work and family. So, each door is a test of our courage, ability and judgment, but with the support of my teachers, parents, friends and my aunt, I believe I can meet the challenge head on. When I reach my aunt's age, I can be proud to say that I have walked through dozens of doors and will, in the remainder of my life, walk through many more. Possibly I will go back to college, too.

　　Thank you very much, ladies and gentlemen.

21世纪杯全国英语演讲比赛稿2

　　The Doors that Are Open to Us

　　Good morning ladies and gentlemen:

　　The title of my speech today is "The Doors that Are Open to Us ".

　　The other day my aunt paid me a visit. She was overjoyed. "I got the highest mark in the mid-term examination!" she said. Don't be surprised! My aunt is indeed a student; to be exact, a college student at the age of 45.

　　Last year, she put aside her private business and signed up for a one-year, full-time management course in a college. "This was the wisest decision I have ever made," she said proudly like a teenage girl. To her, college is always a right place to pick up new ideas, and new ideas always make her feel young.

　　"Compared with the late 70s," she says, "now college students have many doors." My aunt cannot help but recall her first college experience in 1978 when college doors began to be re-opened after the Cultural Revolution. She was assigned to study engineering despite her desire to study Chinese literature, and a few years later, the government sent her to work in a TV factory.

　　I was shocked when she first told me how she (had) had no choice in her major and job. Look at us today! So many doors are open to us! I believe there have never been such abundant opportunities for self-development as we have today. And my aunt told me that we should reach our goals by grasping all these opportunities.

　　The first door I see is the opportunity to study different kinds of subjects that interest us. My aunt said she was happy to study management, but she was also happy that she could attend lectures on ancient Chinese poetry and on Shakespearean drama. As for myself, I am an English major, but I may also go to lectures on history. To me, if college education in the past emphasized specialization, now, it emphasizes free and well-rounded development of each inpidual. So all the fine achievements of human civilization are open to us.

　　The second door is the door to the outside world. Learning goes beyond classrooms and national boundaries. My aunt remembers her previous college days as monotonous and even calls her generation "frogs in a well." But today, as the world becomes a global village, it is important that our neighbors and we be open-minded to learn with and from each other. I have many fellow international classmates, and I am ap*ing to an exchange program with a university abroad. As for my aunt, she is planning to get an MBA degree in the United Kingdom where her daughter, my cousin, is now doing her master's degree in biochemistry. We are now taking the opportunity to study overseas, and when we come back, we'll put to use what we have learnt abroad.

　　The third door is the door to lifelong learning. As new ideas appear all the time, we always need to acquire new knowledge, regardless of our age. Naturally, my aunt herself is the best example. Many of my aunt's contemporaries say that she is amazingly up-to-date for a middle-aged woman. She sim* responds, "Age doesn't matter. What * is your attitude. You may think it's strange that I am still going to college, but I don't think I'm too old to learn." Yes, she is right. Since the government removed the age limit for college admissions in 20xx, there are already some untraditional students, sitting with us in the same classrooms. Like these people, my aunt is old but she is very young in spirit. With her incredible energy and determination, she embodies both tradition and modernity.

　　The doors open to us also pose challenges. For instance, we are faced with the challenge of a balanced learning, the challenge of preserving our fine tradition while learning from the West, and the challenge of learning continuously while carrying heavy responsibilities to our work and family. So, each door is a test of our courage, ability and judgment, but with the support of my teachers, parents, friends and my aunt, I believe I can meet the challenge head on. When I reach my aunt's age, I can be proud to say that I have walked through dozens of doors and will, in the remainder of my life, walk through many more. Possibly I will go back to college, too.

　　Thank you very much, ladies and gentlemen.

21世纪杯全国英语演讲比赛稿3

　　From Walls to Bridges

　　I'm studying in a city famous for its walls. All visitors to my city are amazed by the imposing sight of the city walls, silhouetted by the setting sun with gold and shining lines. With old, cracked bricks patched with lichen, the walls are weather-beaten guards, standing still for centuries in protecting the city.

　　Our ancestors liked to build walls. They built walls in Beijing, Xi'an, Nanjing and many other cities, and they built the Great Wall, which snakes through half of our country. They built walls to ward off enemies and evil spirits. This tradition has been maintained to this day as we still have many parks and schools walled off from the public. I grew up at the foot of the city walls, and I've loved them since my childhood. For a long time, walls were one of the most natural things in the world.

　　My perception, however, changed after a hiking trip to the Eastern Suburbs, a scenic area of my city. My classmates and I were walking with some international students. As we walked out of the city, we found ourselves flanked by taller and taller trees, which formed a huge canopy above our heads. Suddenly an international student asked me, "Where is the entrance to the Eastern Suburbs?"

　　"We're already in the Eastern Suburbs," I replied.

　　He seemed taken aback, "I thought you Chinese have walls for everything." His remark set off a heated debate. At one point, he likened our walled cities to "jails," while I insisted that the Eastern Suburbs were one of the many places in China that had no walls.

　　That debate had no winners, but I did learn a lot from this international student. For instance, he told me that universities like Oxford and Cambridge were not surrounded by walls; the campuses were just part of the cities. I have to admit that we do have many walls in China, and as we are developing our country, we must carefully examine them, whether they are physical or intangible. We will keep some walls but tear down those that impede China's development.

　　Let me give you an example.

　　A year ago, when I was working on a term paper, I needed a book on business law and found a copy in the law school library. However, the librarian turned down my request with a cold shoulder, saying, "You can't borrow this book, you are not a student here." In the end, I had to spend 200 yuan buying a copy; meanwhile, the copy in law school was gathering dust on the shelf.

　　At the beginning of this semester, I heard that my university has started not only to unify its libraries but also link them up with libraries of other universities, so my experience will not be repeated. Barriers will be replaced by bridges. Through an inter-library loan system, we will have access to books from any library. With globalization, with China integrated into the world, I believe many of these intangible walls will be knocked down.

　　I know globalization is a controversial issue, and it is hard to say whether it is good or bad. But one thing is for sure: it draws our attention to China's tangible and intangible walls and forces us to examine their roles in the modern world.

　　And how about the ancient walls in my city and other cities? Should we tear them down? Just the opposite. My city, like Beijing and other cities, is actually making a great effort to preserve the walls. These walls attract not only historians and archeologists but also many schoolchildren trying to study our history and cultural heritage. Walls have turned into bridges to our past and to the rest of the world. If the ancient builders of these walls were still alive today, they would be proud to see such great change in the role of their walls. They are now bridges that link East and West, South and North, and all countries of the world. Our cultural heritage will survive globalization.

21世纪的管理挑战读后感（扩展7）

——21世纪的孙悟空作文600字 (菁选3篇)

21世纪的孙悟空作文600字1

　　话说唐僧师徒四人历经九九八十一难取得真经修成正果后全部封为四种不同的佛位，沙僧留在了天庭，唐僧去了皇宫，八戒回了高老庄，而孙悟空则回了花果山。可孙悟空在花果山呆了数百年，总算呆不住了，他溜到了天宫的时空宫殿，擅自穿越了时空来到了21世纪……

　　天上突然划过一道闪电，孙悟空驾着筋斗云从天而降，落到了我家的院子里。我看呆了，赶紧上去迎接，孙悟空见了我连忙拿起金箍棒吼道：“你是何方妖孽，怎有如此打扮！”我不紧不慢地说：“你好，孙悟空，我叫吕天诚，欢迎来到21世纪。”孙悟空恍然大悟：“原来老孙俺来到了21世纪，差点把你错怪成妖精了。”我笑着说：“21世纪不但人和你们打扮的不一样，而且还有许多你们以前没有的高科技，我现在就带你来参观参观21世纪。”

　　我带孙悟空走在大街上，孙悟空像一个好奇的孩子，东瞧瞧西看看，眼睛忙得不亦乐乎。突然一辆汽车从我们面前开过，孙悟空把我护在身后对我说：“小心，让我去对付那个妖孽！”举起棍子就要砸，我连忙向他解释了一番，他这才明白过来：“哎呀，都怪俺老孙太冲动，差点就把那什么车砸碎了。”我把他带进了商场，刚进商场，他就目不转睛地盯着一台电视。他问道：“吕天诚，这又是什么宝贝？”“这个是电视，可以利用卫星信号接收到各地的影像。”孙悟空惊奇地叫道：“21世纪真神奇呀，有这么多宝贝，”孙悟空话音刚落，天上降下一群天兵天将，叫道：“大圣，观音大士传你回去！”孙悟空对我说：“谢谢你吕天诚，带我参观了21世纪，我有空还回来的再见！”接着便渐渐消失了。

　　天空中响了一声闷雷，我突然从书桌上爬起来，原来一切都是一场梦啊……

21世纪的孙悟空作文600字2

　　话说齐天大圣——孙悟空护送唐僧回到东土大唐之后，便回到花果山，过**无优无虑的生活。

　　一日，一支21世纪人类科学考察队来到花果山下，建起了大规模的科学站。悟空闻听此事后，立刻穿上战袍，手提金箍棒，驾着祥云，来到了科学站前的一片草坪上。

　　“来者何人？快出来与俺老孙较量较量。”这时，从科学**走出一位红光满面的老者，微笑着说：“大圣，久仰大名了。”说着，老者唤来一个机器人，对孙悟空说：“大圣，这位是我的助手杰杰，由他先带你去四处走走。”杰杰走到悟空面前，说：“我先带你去汽车研制中心看看吧。”悟空后退几步说：“你是何方妖怪，怎么长着这般模样？”杰杰说：“我是机器人，不是妖怪。”悟空说：“不管你是什么，我先同这老头比比本事。”那位老者说：“不知大圣要跟我比试什么？“就比眼力吧！”

　　悟空说：“我的火眼金睛，能识破妖**怪的千变万化。你能识破什么？”那位老者不声不响地把悟空的手放在X射线前拍了一张照片，然一后把冲洗出的底片拿给悟空看。悟空看了，不知为什么自己的手竟变成这模样，吓得他连连后退。

　　悟空毕竟是悟空，他马上镇定下来，一晃身子，变出了十个悟空，每个悟空都一模一样。那位老者将杰杰放人十倍速克隆机，不到一分钟，就克隆出了十个杰杰。

　　悟空见了，心中不服，决定再比一次，就说：“老头儿，咱们再比试比试，看谁飞得远。”说罢，一个筋斗便不见了。刹那间，悟空觉得身后多了个伙伴，他大声问道：“你是什么东西？你能飞到哪儿？那伙伴说：“我叫航天飞机，能飞出地球。再见啦！”说完便不见了。

　　悟空降到地面，心里感触极深。他想：人类科技可真是变幻无穷哪，看来俺老孙也不如凡人喽！

21世纪的孙悟空作文600字3

　　21世纪的第四个春天，当年陪唐僧西天取经的孙悟空从长长的美梦中醒来，他想：俺好久没到凡间去玩了，俺老孙上天入地无所不能，人类定会又大吃一惊。

　　他架着筋斗云一晃飞了十万八千里，一下子飞到了我国的首都**，他惊讶地发现，凡间已发生了天翻地覆的改变：小小的茅草屋不见了，高大雄伟的大楼代替了它们的位置；健壮丰满的骏马不见了，美丽华贵的汽车成为了人们的交通工具，还有……眼前的这一切让悟空目瞪口呆。他一翻筋斗云又飞到了*科学院，在那里，他看到了更加不可思义的事情：一百倍光速移动器；七点六二光之宇宙飞船，太阳能产品……他赶忙把科学家们叫到一起说：“今天俺老孙要跟这些高科技比一比，看谁更厉害！”科学家们欣然同意，而且是志在必得、信心十足的样子。

　　第一场比赛——比钻地，悟空洋洋自得，认为自己赢定了，不料一下子就败得一踏涂地，无地自容，因为科学们调来了钻地车，只用子十分钟就到达了地下一千米。

　　第二场比赛——潜水比赛，这让悟空大喜，因为人类不能在水下呼吸，这局俺老孙赢定了。可是“猴算不如天算”，潜水艇就是科学们的制胜法宝，一下子就把悟空甩得远远的。

　　飞翔比赛用飞机、跑步比赛用轮滑，跳高比赛用弹簧……最后，悟空感慨：“人类进步得太快了。”

21世纪的管理挑战读后感（扩展8）

——21世纪大学英语读写基础教程The Future课文解读 (菁选2篇)

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程The Future课文解读1

　　What will our future be like? What might happen in the year 2144? How far can your imagination take you into the future? Let's see what a newspaper in New Zealand tells us.

　　The Future

　　Will the future be one of robots and spaceships, or meditation and organic food? Today and next Wednesday The Post steps into the future, and asks the experts what they think the world of tomorrow will be like.

　　Imagine you are holding the December 11, 2144 edition of The Evening Post. It won't be made of paper, but a thin screen that can be folded up and put in your pocket or bag. You'll use the same screen tomorrow, when the day's news will be beamed to its tiny modem via satellite.

　　The modem will chatter away all day, updating stories from around the world as they happen, complete with moving pictures and sound. A retina scanner will follow your eye, scrolling each page as you get near the bottom. The paper's computer will record which stories interest you most and design a custom menu every time you switch it on.

　　Let's see what's happening today. Again, the big local story is the disappearing apartment blocks at Happy Valley. Built over an old landfill, this expensive new development is slowly sinking into the ground. Engineers suspect plastic milk bottles dumped with their caps screwed on in the late-20th century are bursting under the weight of the buildings. "People back then," says Wellington's Mayor in a live interview, "were pretty stupid."

　　Overseas a power failure at a cryo-prison in Alabama during the holiday weekend saw 50,000 inmates thawed prematurely, and in Bangladesh monsoon floods have wiped out hundreds of villages. Some things don't change.

　　In reality, we can't predict what the pages of this newspaper will contain 144 years from now because we can't predict the future. But in two weeks we will arrive in the new millennium, a date long held up as the future, but which will soon represent a new beginning.

　　Thirty years ago it was expected that by 2000 commuters would fly to work on highways in the sky, that robots with pinnies would do the vacuuming, that humans would have colonised our near planets and the moon.

　　Our cars are still stuck firmly on the ground, although even the most basic family runabout has a powerful electronic brain which tells it how much fuel to use and figures out in milliseconds how to save the occupants in a crash.

　　We still do the vacuuming ourselves, although our ovens tell us when food is ready. We can download whole libraries through our home computers and view snaps of friends on the other side of the world seconds after they are taken.

　　We have yet to live anywhere other than Earth, although missions into space have allowed us to develop new medicines, information chips and superconductors to make life better down here.

　　Who would have believed we'd be altering the genetic make-up of animals so they can grow replacement organs for us? Who'd have believed the drink machine in the foyer dials for supplies when it senses it's getting low?

　　At the dawn of the new millennium the future seems to be coming at us at a frightening pace, with the world seeming to change almost weekly.

　　What then, will it be like in 100 years? 500? 1000? Will it be a technological future with space hotels, rocket cars, genetically engineered people and automated homes? Or will it be an organic future with a new emphasis on spirituality and nature?

　　Will humankind still be blighted by war? Will we be able to cure cancer? Will we still get married? What sort of world will our children inherit?

　　Over the past few months The Post has been asking experts in their fields to take an educated, but fanciful, guess. None claims to be able to tell the future, but by tracking current trends they can give us an idea of what to expect in the world of tomorrow.

　　You won't be around to read the December 11, 2144 edition of The Evening Post, but this is the next best thing.

　　Welcome to the future.

21世纪大学英语读写基础教程The Future课文解读2

　　robot

　　n. an automatic machine that can perform the actions of a person 机器人

　　spaceship

　　n. a vehicle used for travelling in space 航天器;宇宙飞船

　　organic

　　a. 1. not using artificial chemicals in the production of plants and animals for food 施有机肥料的

　　2. of, found in, or formed by living things 生物体的;有机体的

　　expert

　　n. a person with special knowledge, skill or training in a particular field 专家;能手

　　edition

　　n. one printing of a book, newspaper, etc. (书、报等的)版次

　　fold

　　vt. bend (sth.) so that one part is over another 折叠

　　beam

　　vt. transmit (a signal) in a particular direction 定向发射(无线电信号等)

　　modem

　　n. (计算机)调制解调器

　　via

　　prep.through 通过

　　* update

　　vt. make (sth.) more modern or up-to-date 更新

　　retina

　　n. 视网膜

　　scanner

　　n. 扫描器

　　scroll

　　vt. (on a computer display) move a cursor smoothly, causing new data to replace old on the monitor (象展开卷轴般)将文字显示于屏幕

　　design

　　vt. plan or arrange so as to make sure that sth. fulfils your purpose 设计

　　custom

　　a. made specially for inpidual customers 定制的;定做的

　　switch

　　vt. turn (an electrical device) on or off 用开关把(电器)开启(或关掉)

　　disappear

　　vi. cease to be seen 消失;不见

　　apartment

　　n. a set of rooms on one floor of a building 公寓;单元房

　　valley

　　n. a stretch of land between hills or mountains 谷，山谷

　　landfill

　　n. an area built up from deposits of solid garbage 用垃圾填筑而成的地面

　　suspect

　　vt. believe without certain proof; guess 推测，猜想;认为

　　dump

　　vt. throw away (garbage, rubbish, etc.) in a heap or a place set apart for the purpose 倾倒(垃圾等)

　　screw

　　v. fasten (sth.) by turning or twisting 拧紧

　　mayor

　　n. the chief executive of a city or a town **

　　overseas

　　ad. across the sea; abroad 到**;***

　　cryo-prison

　　n. 冰冻**

　　inmate

　　n. any of a number of people living together in an institution, esp. a prison (尤指**中的)被收容者

　　thaw

　　vi. change from a frozen to a liquid state 融化;化冻

　　* prematurely

　　ad. before the proper or usual time; too early 比(正常)时间提早地;过早地

　　monsoon

　　n. 季风

　　contain

　　vt. have or hold within itself 包含，容纳

　　millennium

　　n. a period of 1000 years 一千年

　　highway

　　n. a main public road 公路;交通要道

　　pinny

　　n. 围裙

　　vacuum

　　vi. clean with a vacuum cleaner 用吸尘器打扫

　　colonise

　　vt. make into a colony 在…开拓**地

　　firmly

　　ad. in a firm way 牢固地;稳固地;坚定地

　　runabout

　　n. 敞蓬小轿车

　　electronic

　　a. 电子的

　　millisecond

　　n. 毫秒

　　occupant

　　n. a person who occupies a car, house, etc. 占用者，居住者

　　crash

　　n. an accident in which a vehicle hits sth., usu causing damage, and often injury or death (车辆等)碰撞;撞毁

　　oven

　　n. 烤箱

　　download

　　vt. transfer (a program, data, etc.) from a larger computer system to a smaller computer 下载(计算机程序、资料等)

　　snap

　　n. short for snapshot (口)快照，简照

　　chip

　　n. 集成电路片;微(型)电路

　　superconductor

　　n. 超导体

　　alter

　　v. become or make different; change (使)改变;变更

　　* genetic

　　a. 基因的.

　　makeup

　　n. combination of things, people, etc. that form sth.; composition of sth. (事物、人等的)组合;构成

　　replacement

　　n. 1. the act of replacing 代替;替换

　　2. a person or thing that takes the place of another 接替者;替换物

　　organ

　　n. a part of an animal body or plant serving a particular purpose 器官

　　foyer

　　n. an entrance hall or large open space in a theatre, hotel, etc., where people can meet or talk (剧场、旅馆等的)门厅，休息厅

　　pace

　　n. rate of progress or development (进步或发展的)速度;节奏

　　weekly

　　ad. once a week or every week 每星期;每周一次

　　technological

　　a. 技术的

　　rocket

　　n. 火箭;火箭发动机

　　genetically

　　ad. 因基因决定地

　　engineer

　　vt. 设计;建造

　　automate

　　vt. cause (sth.) to work automatically 使自动化

　　emphasis

　　n. stress 强调

　　spirituality

　　n. 精神性;灵性

　　humankind

　　n. 人类

　　blight

　　vt. spoil or ruin 损害

　　cancer

　　n. 癌症

　　inherit

　　vt. receive (property, a title, etc.) as a result of the death of the previous owner or be born with (a physical or mental quality) that a parent, grandparent or other relative has 继承

　　fanciful

　　a. showing imagination rather than reason and experience 幻想的;想像的

　　track

　　vt. follow the course or movements of 跟踪;追踪

　　current

　　a. of the present time; happening now 现时的，当前的

　　trend

　　n. the way or direction things tend to go 趋势;动向

　　Phrases and Expressions

　　step into

　　enter 走进，进入

　　fold up

　　make smaller in size by folding 折叠

　　chatter away

　　clatter continuously from vibration (机器)不停地咯咯作响

　　switch on

　　turn on 打开(电灯、收音机等)

　　screw on

　　旋，拧;旋牢

　　wipe out

　　destroy completely 彻底摧毁;消灭

　　hold sb./sth. up

　　show sb./sth. as an example 举某人(某事物)作为范例

　　other than

　　except 除…之外

　　come at

　　move towards in a threatening manner 冲向