定语从句when的用法

　　定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。下面是小编为你带来的定语从句when的用法 ，欢迎阅读。

　　定语从句when的用法1

　　when作为定语从句的引导词时，表示时间，在从句中充当时间状语，后面需要加上完整的陈述语序。

　　句式如下：

　　表示时间的名词+when+完整陈述句+句子其它成分。

　　when引导的定语从句可以放在主语，宾语或者表语，甚至为名词的宾补之后。

　　例：

　　The nightwhen we took a stroll in the parkwas so cold.

　　咱们在公园散步的那个晚上好冷。

　　night 做主语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park 修饰。

　　I remember the nightwhen we took a stroll in the park.

　　我记得那个咱们一起在公园散步的夜晚。

　　night变成了宾语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park修饰。

　　What I can never forget is the nightwhen we took a stroll in the park.

　　我永不能忘记的是咱们一起在公园散步的那个夜晚。

　　night变成了表语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park修饰。

　　以上三组例句中，when后面所接的都是完整句，并且when 后的从句时态和主句一致。前提是when充当的从句的时间状语，相当于是at the night.

　　所以，以上三句，可以把when都改成at which。

　　写作必备when引导定语从句句式：

　　There was a time when...... 曾经。

　　There was a time when people were never bothered by pollution.

　　曾经人们不用为污染烦忧。

　　We all experience a day when......我们都经历过。

　　We all experience a day when everything goes wrong.

　　我们都经历过事事不顺心的一天。

　　we can never ignore the time when......我们绝不能忽视。

　　We can never ignore the time when computers penetrate our life and study.

　　我们不能忽视这个电脑渗透进我们的生活和学习的年代。

　　定语从句when的用法2

　　when：当主句中的先行词(即主句中被后面定语从句修饰的词)是表示时间意义的名词时,它只能作定语从句的时间状语,放在定语从句句首。如果定语从句的`引导词是作该定语从句的主语或宾语,则要改用关系代词that或which来引导。例如：

　　The days when we used foreign oil are gone.我们用洋油的日子一去不复返了.

　　I'll never forget the day when I was born.(=I'll never forget my birthday.) 我永远不会忘记我出生的日子。

　　It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.这事发生在天气又湿又冷的十一月。

　　In the years that (which) followed,Marx kept on studying English and using it.在这之后的几年中,马克思继续学习和使用英语.(that作定语从句"that followed"的主语)

　　The day (that) I always remember in all my life is my birthday.我一生中最难忘的日子是我的生日。(that作定语从句"that I always remember in all my life"的宾语,that可以省略)

　　追问：

　　He will never forget the days "when" he stayed with his students 这句怎么理解？为什么用when

　　追答：

　　the days 这个先行词在定语从句 he stayed with his students中没做主语，也没作宾语而是作状语，先行词做时间状语时用when

　　定语从句when的用法3

　　when/where/why引导的定语从句

　　when， where， why属于关系副词， 都在其引导的定语从句中充当状语， 其具体用法如下：

　　1.关系副词 when引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示时间的先行词， 在定语从句中充当时间状语。

　　例如： I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。// Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching. 下个月即将来临， 届时你们将在家乡度暑假。

　　2. 关系副词where引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示地点的先行词， 在定语从句中充当地点状语。

　　例如： This is the office where he worked. 这就是他工作过的办公室。// She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends. 她要到澳门去定居， 在那里她有几个密友。

　　3. 关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason， 在定语从句中充当原因状语。

　　例如： I don’t know the reason why he came so late. 我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。// That is the reason why I don’t want to go. 那就是我不想去的理由。// He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset.他没有告诉我他为什么那样心烦意乱。

　　注意：

　　关系代词与关系副词之间并非毫无关联， 两者之间存在密切的联系。在备考中尤其要注意以下几点：

　　1. 很多情况下关系副词用“介词＋which/whom”来代替， 其中的介词由先行词或定语从句中谓语动词的形式来决定， 例如：

　　The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.

　　The day on which I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.见到这位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。

　　I shall never forget those years when I lived with her.

　　I shall never forget those years during which I lived with her.

　　我将永远不会忘记我跟她生活的那些岁月。

　　This is a hall where the medical conference will be held.

　　This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held.

　　这是礼堂， 医学会议将在此召开。

　　2. 并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句， 若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、 宾语等而不是状语时， 需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。例如： Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school? 你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？

　　先行词the days表时间， 但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语， 因此不能用when而应该用which或that。

　　3. that有时可以代替定语从句中的关系副词when， where， why， 且that常可以省略， 例如： This is the time （when/that） he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。

　　［考题1］ We are living in an age ____ many things are done on computer. （2003北京春）

　　A. which B. that C. whose D. when

　　［答案］ D

　　［解析］ 本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词age， 其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语， 因此只能填入关系副词when。

　　［考题2］ The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far*9鄄away village. （2001）

　　A. until B. that C. when D. where

　　［答案］ C

　　［解析］ 本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词hours， 其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语， 因此只能填入关系副词when。

　　［考题3］ It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. （2000北京、 安徽春）

　　A. that B. while C. which D. when

　　［答案］ D

　　［解析］ 本题中下划线处所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词moment， 其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语， 因此只能填入关系副词when。

　　［考题4］ After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child. （1996）

　　A. which B. where C. that D. when

　　［答案］ B

　　［解析］ 本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词town， 其引导词在该定语从句中充当地点状语， 因此只能填入关系副词where。

　　［考题5］ We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, ____ other visitors seldom go. （2002北京）

　　A. what B. which C. where D. when

　　［答案］ C

　　［解析］ 本题中下划线处所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词some other places， 其引导词在该定语从句中充当地点状语， 因此只能填入关系副词where。

　　［考题6］ I walked in our garden, ____ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （2005辽宁）

　　A. which B. when C. where D. that

　　［答案］ C

　　［解析］ 本题中下划线处所引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词garden并在该定语从句中充当地点状语， 因此只能填入关系副词where。

　　［考题7］ We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. （2006山东）

　　A. where B. that C. when D. which

　　［答案］ A

　　［解析］ point可以理解成地点、 位置， 其后面的定语从句中缺少地点状语， 因此下划线处只能填入引导词where

　　定语从句when的用法4

　　when引导

　　关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。

　　如：He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.

　　他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。

　　where引导

　　副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。

　　如：They went to London，where they lived for six months.

　　他们去了伦敦，在那儿呆了六个月的时间。

　　as引导

　　as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明但通常用于像as we all know, as it is known, as is known to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限定性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引出的从句位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中间。通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。as有“正如……， 就像……”之意。

　　如：As is known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer.

　　美国人都知道，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。（as在从句中作主语）

　　He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case.

　　他忘了带笔，这是常事。（as在从句中作主语）

　　He is absorbed in work, as he often was.

　　他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。（as在从句中作表语）

　　As we all know, the earth is round.

　　众所周知，地球是圆的。（as在从句中作宾语）

　　The two brothers were satisfied with this decision，as was agreed beforehand.

　　两兄弟对此决定都满意，这项决定在事前都已得到他们的同意。(as在从句中作主语)

　　Taiwan is，as you know，an inseparable part of China.

　　你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。(as在从句中作宾语)

　　“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句：在介词后引导非限制性定语从句。

　　难：句意相同

　　as it is known to all (that...) (as 做状语从句连词，是状语从句, 可以加that)

　　与 as is known to all (as做主语，是定语从句)

　　与 it is known to all that... (主语从句，it是形式主语)

　　即：As is widely known, the moon is closer to the us than the sun.(定从)

　　= That the moon is closer to the us than the sun is widely known.(主从)

　　= It is widely known that the moon is closer to the us than the sun.(主从)

　　As it is known to everyone, I thought you knew about it too.(状从)[1]

　　关系代词which有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词，而是概括整个主句的意思。介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。

　　They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines，without which the yield would be halved.

　　他们缺搭葡萄架的杆儿，没有它们产量会减少一半。

　　They thanked Tom，without whose support they would not have succeeded.

　　他们很感激Tom，没有他的支持他们是不会成功的。

　　特殊结构

　　“名词/代词+of+which / whom”

　　It now has 20，000 hectares of land，more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation.

　　现在它拥有两万公顷土地，其中三分之二之多已经耕种。

　　Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300000 kilometer per second.

　　光是世界上最快的东西，它的速度是每秒30万千米。

　　There are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.

　　大厅里有三十把椅子，绝大部分是新的。

　　The textile mill has over 8，000 workers and staff，eighty per cent of whom are women.

　　这家纺织厂有8千多职工，女职工占百分之八十。