带介词的定语从句1

　　(1)表示地点，时间和原因的“介词+which”分别相当于 where，when，why。

　　I have found the book in which the names of all the early satellites are mentioned.(SEFC 2A L.55)(=I have found the book.The names of all the early satellites are mentioned in it.)

　　The earth on which /where we live is a planet.

　　I”ll never forget the day on which /when I joined the League.

　　I know a wood in which /where you can find roses.

　　Is there any reason for which /why you should have a holiday?

　　(2)way后常用that代替in which，也可省略that。

　　I really don”t like the way that he talks.

　　That was the way in which the old lady looked after us.

　　Do it the way I showed you.

　　2.“of +which”起形容词的作用，相当于whose(用来指物)，其词序通常是“n.+of which”。

　　They live in a house whose door /the door of which opens to the south.

　　He”s written a book whose name /the name of which I”ve com- pletely forgotten.

　　3.可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

　　There is a rocket by which the direction of the satellite can be changed.

　　We carefully studied the photos，in which we could see signs of plant disease.

　　4.介词的选择(选择介词时须考虑下列情况)

　　1)介词与先行词的习惯搭配

　　There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth.(in与way是习惯搭配)

　　2)介词与定语从句中的动词，形容词的习惯搭配

　　These are the wires with which different machines are connected.(be connected with是习惯搭配)

　　The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny.(be familiar with是习惯搭配)

　　3)同形的先行词，或定语从句中的动词，形容词表示不同的含义时，要根据其含义选用不同的介词。

　　I can”t remember the age at which he won the prize.

　　That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness.

　　age在前句中意为“年岁”，与at搭配;在后句中意为“时期”，与 in搭配。

　　4)复杂介词须保持其完整形式，常见的复杂介词有on the top of，in the middle of，in front of，in spite of，at the back of，because of等。

　　We took a photo of rocket，the length of which was about 30me- tres.

　　Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other.

　　They marched through the square，in the middle of which stood a monument.

　　5)短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的.短语动词有listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of，look into，break into，get rid of，take part in，make use of，take hold of，catch hold of，catch up with，get along with，look forward to等。此时可用which，who，whom或that，也可将他们省略。

　　(误)This is the girl of whom he will take care.

　　(正)This is the girl whom he will take careof.

　　6)当介词与定语从句中的动词或形容词联系紧密(但不是短语动词)时，介词也可放在动词或形容词的后面。但当介词与从句中的动词或形容词联系不紧密时，则需将介词置于关系代词前。比较：

　　The space station which we drove to was in the desert.

　　I”ll never forget the day in which I joined the Party.

　　后句中的in若置于句尾则有“孤零零”之感，这时宜将介词置于关系代词前;而前句中的to则可后置。

　　5.关系代词的选择

　　用于介词后的关系代词只有which，whom，前者指物，后者指人。

　　There are many research stations on the earth in which outer space is studied.(which指代research stations)

　　We questioned the pilot，from whom we learnt that no other planes had been seen.(whom指代the pilot)

带介词的定语从句扩展阅读

带介词的定语从句（扩展1）

——as 在定语从句的用法3篇

as 在定语从句的用法1

　　定语从句as的用法

　　一、用作连词的as

　　1. 引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，其用法与when和while类似。例如：As a child (When he was a child), she was sent to six different schools.此用法中as多表示从句与主句动作同时进行，意为“一边……一边……”，一般不与状态动词连用。例如：She sang songs as she did her homework.

　　as 还可以表示一动作紧接着另一动作发生，说明另一动作的结果，有“随着……”的含义。例如：As time went by, we found he was an honest man./As he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.

　　例1 It wasn’t until nearly a month later________ I received the manager’s re*.

　　A. since B. when C. as D. that

　　解析：本题的as中与when一起作为干扰项，容易使考生往时间状语从句上思考，事实上本题是强调句，正确选项是D。

　　2. 引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为”，相当于because, 但通常置于句首。例如： As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical *.

　　例2 _____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.

　　A. While B. Since C. As D. If

　　解析：本题中as干扰性很强，很多考生误以为是原因状语从句，但仔细分析不难发现正确答案应是A(while表示“只要”)。

　　3. 引导让步状语从句，通常可与although或though通用，但语序不同，although或though用于句首，as用于倒装结构。例如：Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow. /Although(或Though)I am young, I already know what career I want to follow. as 表示让步用于倒装结构，通常将从句的表语、状语或动词前置。如果表语有冠词a/an, 需去掉。例如：Great scholar as he is, he is lacking in common sense./Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you. 例3 _____ he has limited technical knowledge, the older worker has a lot of experience.

　　A. SinceB. Unless C. As D. Although

　　解析：as 虽然有引导让步状语从句用法，但本题不是倒装结构，故正确答案应是D。

　　4. 引导方式状语从句，表示“如，像”。例如：When in Rome, do as Romans do./Do to others as you would have others do to you.

　　例4 We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite ________ as planned.

　　A. make outB. turn out C. go onD. come up

　　解析：本题考查动词词组辨析，题干中的“as planned”给同学们提供了重要信息，答案选B。

　　5. 固定句型：“主句，as +be/do+主语”表示“也一样”。例如：She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents./He’s a doctor, as was his wife before she had children.

　　二、用作介词的as

　　1.表示“如，像”。例如：They got united as one man./She spoke of me as her dearest friend.

　　2.表示“作为、当作”。例如：As a League member, you should think more of others.

　　3.与某些动词搭配，表示“把……当作……”，如：look on…as…, regard…as…, treat…as…, consider…as…, think of…as…, see…as…等。其中consider…as…中的as可以省略。as与famous或known搭配，表示“作为……而出名”。

　　例5 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ________ as 3M.

　　A. knowingB. known C. being knownD. to be known

　　解析：如果熟悉be known as这一短语，运用有关非谓语动词的常识，可选出正确答案B。

　　三、用作关系代词的as

　　1. 引导限制性定语从句，先行词前通常有as, so, such, same等修饰语。例如：He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find./My hometown is no longer the same as it used to be./As many people as are present will be given a present.在此种用法中，同学们要注意与结果状语从句的区别。比如：A: The teacher asked us such a difficult question that none of us could answer it. B: The teacher asked us such a difficult question as none of us could answer.A句为结果状语从句，而B句则是定语从句。

　　2. 引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个主句(即先行句)，表示“这一事实，那一情况”。从句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如：We stand when the national anthem is played, as is the custom.

　　例6 ______ I explained on the telephone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.

　　A. When B. After C. As D. Since

　　解析：根据句意，选项C是正确答案。as表现的正是本点所讲用法。

　　四、用作副词的as

　　修饰形容词或副词，表示程度，意为“同样地”。例如：He swims fast, but I swim just as fast. 但它通常构成表示比较的结构“asas”，“not asas”。此结构中第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。否定结构中的副词as可以由so代替。asas possible /one can也属于此用法。例如：It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.

　　五、用在习语中的as

　　由as构成的习语很多，常见的有：as soon as “一就”，引导时间状语从句;as/so long as “只要”引导条件状语从句;as if/though “好像，仿佛”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句;as to/ as for “至于，就而言”;as much/many as“多达”;as/so far as “就的限度”;as a result，as a result of “(由于的)结果”;as a matter of fact“事实上”;as well “也、还”;A as well as B“不但A而且B”;as it is“照现状看，看样子”，等等。这些习语在高考中可能经常遇到，在高考题中有的作为正确选项，有的作为干扰项，有的出现在题干，值得同学们认真掌握。例如：

　　例9 I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.

　　A. in other wordsB. on the other hand C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact 解析：选项D极具干扰意义，但进一步研读会发现本题中的两个分句表达了一件事的两个对立面，故选B。

　　例10 ——People should stop using their cars and start using public transport. ——______. The roads are too crowded as it is.

　　A. All right B. Exactly C. Go aheadD. Fine

　　解析：本题选项中虽没有as内容，但题干中的as it is却是解题的关键信息，正确选项为B。

as 在定语从句的用法2

　　一、as引导定语从句与其它词连用

　　A．用于the same．．．as．．．结构中

　　This is the same sickle as I lost yesterday．这把镰刀和我昨天丢的那把一样。

　　We drove out of the town by the same road as we had entered by．我们沿着进城的同一道路开车出城。

　　This is the same material as is used in building the bridge．这和建那座桥所用的材料一样。

　　注意：在这一结构中，as有时可以由that代替。例如：

　　I live in the same district as ／that he lives in．我和他住在同一区。

　　但两者亦有区别：

　　1．当定语从句省略谓语部分时，要用as。例如：

　　She uses the same scent as you（do）／that you do．她用的香水和你的一样。

　　This book of his is the same as yours．他的这本书和你的那本一样。

　　2．在容易引起歧义时，慎用as和that。例如：

　　This is the same knife as I lost last week．

　　（一般理解为：这把刀和我上周丢的那把相似。也可理解为：这是我上周丢的那把刀。）

　　This is the same knife that I lost last week．这是我上周丢的那把刀。

　　3．that在现代英语中可作关系副词，而as则不可。例如：

　　I live in the same district that he lives．（不可用as。）

　　B．用于such．．．as．．．结构中

　　I never heard such stories as he tells．我从未听过像他讲的那种故事。

　　He was in such a fury as I've never seen．他怒气之大，我从没见过。

　　Such women as knew Tom thought he was charming．认识汤姆的女人都认为他很有魅力。

　　注：有时such和as连在一起用。例如：

　　We had hoped to give you a chance such as nobody else ever had．我们本希望给你一次别人不曾有过的机会。

　　We are living in a new era such as has never existed before．我们生活在前所未有的新时代。

　　C．用于“so＋adj．＋a（n）＋n．（单数）＋as结构中

　　We witnessed so great a parade as nobody ever dreamt of in preliberation days．我们见到在**前没有人曾经梦想过的一次盛大的。

　　I'm not so strong a man as I was．我已不像从前一样健康了。

　　He's never written again so good a book as his first one．他再也没写出像他的第一部那么好的书。

　　D．用于“as＋adj．＋n．＋as比较结构中

　　He is as learned a professor as works in the uni- versity．他是在这所大学工作的教授中最有学问的一个。

　　Some people have no doubt that their cat understands as many words as does a dog．许多人相信他们的`猫跟狗懂的话一样多。

　　They are as fine women as ever walked．她们可以与任何卓越的女性媲美。

　　注：as．．．as．．．后面加上ever以加强语气，表示“不亚于任何……”，“不弱于……”，有最高级的意味。又如：

　　He is as brave a man as ever lived．他是世界上最勇敢的人。

　　二、as单独引导定语从句

　　A．as单独引导定语从句时，先行词可以是一个词，但更为常见的是：它的先行词是整个主句，有时也可以是一个短语。例如：

　　The two brothers were satisfied with this decision，as was agreed to beforehand两兄弟对此决定都很满意，这项决定事前已得到他们的同意。（先行词是decision）

　　She is late，as is often the case．她迟到了，这是经常的事。（先行词是整个主句）

　　He married her，as was natural．他和她结婚了，这是很自然的。（先行词是整个主句）

　　To shut your eyes to facts，as many of you do，is foolish．视而不见———你们好多人都是如此———是愚蠢的。（先行词是整个不定式短语）

　　B．as与which的区别

　　三、as引导定语从句的用法比较

　　1.as作为关系代词可以引导限制性定语从句， 主要用于such...as，the same...as，so...as，as...as等结构中。例如：

　　（15）Let’s deal with such problems as concern us.

　　（16）The purpose of the conductor is to transmit the electrical energy with as little loss as is practicable.

　　（17）There are so many tickets available as are asked for.

　　（18）She wears the same watch as I do.（同一类）

　　（19）This is the same watch that I lost yesterday.（同一个）

　　在（15）句中，as指代such修饰的名词“problem”，并在从句中作主语成分；（16）句中，第二个as指代第一个as所修饰的“little loss”; （17） 句中as 指代so 修饰的名词“tickets”; 在（18） 句中，as 指代“the same” 修饰的名词“clothes”， 在从句中作宾语； 此情况下不能用that和which来代替as引导定语从句。

　　比 较：在（18）句中，as指代的先行词表同一类，强调种类一样。而在（19）中that指代的先行词虽然也被“the same”修饰，但是此时先行词表示同一个。

　　2.as和which引导非限制性定语从句比较。

　　as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个句子。但是具体使用方法是有区别的，请看下面的例句比较：

　　（20）As we known，Yao Ming is the most famous basketballplayer in China.

　　（21）The number of the people，as we had expected，was overthree thousand.

　　（22）The sun gives off light and warmth，which makes it possiblefor living creatures to grow.

　　（23）She is very beautiful，which makes others jealous.

　　（24）She is very kind to the children，which her husband seldomwas.

　　（25）He became a teacher，which I was not.

　　在（20）句中as放在了句首，所指代的内容就是后面的一句话“Yao Ming is the most famous basketball player in China”；（21）句as放在了句中，同样指代的是一句话“The numberof the people was over three thousand”。从这两个例句中我们发现as引导的从句和主句在内容上表示一致， 或者说从句的内容是顺着主句的意思说下来的，有“就像”、“正如”之意。再看一下（22）句和（23）句，which的位置放在了句中，并且which引导的非限制定语从句是主句造成的一种结果。比如我们在翻译（22）句时可以这样理解：太阳**出光和热，这使生物生长成为可能；当然（23）句我们也可以这样翻译：她很漂亮，这使其他人和嫉妒。从（24）句和（25）句我们还可以看到which引导非限制性定语从句的另一种用法，即which引导的非限制定语从句与主句内容不一致， 或起对立、否定关系。

　　四、as引导状语从句的用法比较

　　1.as，when和while作为连词引导时间状语从句的比较。

　　若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时间， 通常要用while。但是，若主、从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边……一边”的意思，通常要用as。例如：

　　（26）Don’t talk while you’re eating.

　　（27）I kept silent while she was reading.

　　（28）She sang as she went along.

　　若从句是一个短暂性动作，而主句是一个持续性动作，一般用when。如果主、从句表示的是两个同时（或几乎同时）发生的短暂性动作，一般要用as。例如：

　　（29）When he came in，I was watching TV.

　　（30）It was raining hard when he arrived.

　　（31）I had guessed it just as you opened your mouth.

　　若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况， 相当于汉语的“随着”，一般用as。表示“每当……的时候”（暗示一种规律性），一般要用when。例如：

　　（32）Situations are getting better and better as time goes on.

　　（33）As it grew darker，it became colder.

　　（34）It’s warm when sun shines.

　　（35）He smiled when I praised him.

　　2.as，though 和although 作为连词引导让步状语从句的对比。

　　as引导让步从句时，句子必须倒装。常把被强调的作表语的形容词、名词及作状语的副词放句首，有时甚至把谓语动词放句首。though引导让步状语时，句子可以倒装（倒装方式和as一样）也可以不倒装。although引导让步状语时，只能用正常语序，不能倒装。下面我们看一下例句（36）—（39）：

　　（36）Poor as/though they are，they are very ambitious.

　　（37）Child as/though he is，his behavior seems mature.

　　（38）Hard as/though he worked，he didn’t pass the exam.

　　（39）Try hard as/though he will，he is not successful.

　　3.as，because，since 和for 作为连词引导原因状语从句比较。

　　because引导原因状语从句时语气最强， 常表示必然的因果关系，从句是全句的重心，它引导的从句一般放在主句的后面， 并且回答以why引起的特殊疑问句；as只说明一般的因果关系，语气比because弱，说明比较明显的原因，它引导的从句通常放在句首，常意为“由于”；since意为“既然”，表示对方已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因或事实（有时为天经地义的事实或格言、谚语等），语气比because稍弱，全句重点落在主句上；for是并列连词，它的语气最弱，常用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释，一般放在句中，强调“理由”。下面我们看一下例句再一次进行比较。

　　（40）He is absent today because he is ill.

　　（41）As everyone has arrived，we can set off now.

　　（42）I’ll do it for you since you are busy.

　　（43）We must leave now，for the film begins at seven.

　　4.as引导的方式状语从句用法。

　　as，（just） as...so...引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在（just） as...so...结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如”、“就像”，多用于正式文体，例如：

　　（44）I shall do the exercises as you have been taught.

　　（45）As water is to fish，so air is to man.

　　（46）Just as we sweep our rooms，so we should sweep old ideas from our heads.

　　总之， 社会和英语语言的不断发展给英语语法的归纳和研究带来了很大的挑战，也给语言学习者带来了很多困难，但不管怎样，只要我们在学习过程中不断探索、勇往直前，一定能找到其中的规律， 帮助英语学习者消除英语学习中的重重障碍。

as 在定语从句的用法3

　　定语从句as的用法

　　一、用作连词的as

　　1. 引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，其用法与when和while类似。例如：As a child (When he was a child), she was sent to six different schools.此用法中as多表示从句与主句动作同时进行，意为“一边……一边……”，一般不与状态动词连用。例如：She sang songs as she did her homework.

　　as 还可以表示一动作紧接着另一动作发生，说明另一动作的结果，有“随着……”的含义。例如：As time went by, we found he was an honest man./As he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.

　　例1 It wasn’t until nearly a month later________ I received the manager’s re*.

　　A. since B. when C. as D. that

　　解析：本题的as中与when一起作为干扰项，容易使考生往时间状语从句上思考，事实上本题是强调句，正确选项是D。

　　2. 引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为”，相当于because, 但通常置于句首。例如： As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical *.

　　例2 _____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.

　　A. While B. Since C. As D. If

　　解析：本题中as干扰性很强，很多考生误以为是原因状语从句，但仔细分析不难发现正确答案应是A(while表示“只要”)。

　　3. 引导让步状语从句，通常可与although或though通用，但语序不同，although或though用于句首，as用于倒装结构。例如：Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow. /Although(或Though)I am young, I already know what career I want to follow. as 表示让步用于倒装结构，通常将从句的表语、状语或动词前置。如果表语有冠词a/an, 需去掉。例如：Great scholar as he is, he is lacking in common sense./Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you. 例3 _____ he has limited technical knowledge, the older worker has a lot of experience.

　　A. SinceB. Unless C. As D. Although

　　解析：as 虽然有引导让步状语从句用法，但本题不是倒装结构，故正确答案应是D。

　　4. 引导方式状语从句，表示“如，像”。例如：When in Rome, do as Romans do./Do to others as you would have others do to you.

　　例4 We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite ________ as planned.

　　A. make outB. turn out C. go onD. come up

　　解析：本题考查动词词组辨析，题干中的“as planned”给同学们提供了重要信息，答案选B。

　　5. 固定句型：“主句，as +be/do+主语”表示“也一样”。例如：She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents./He’s a doctor, as was his wife before she had children.

　　二、用作介词的as

　　1.表示“如，像”。例如：They got united as one man./She spoke of me as her dearest friend.

　　2.表示“作为、当作”。例如：As a League member, you should think more of others.

　　3.与某些动词搭配，表示“把……当作……”，如：look on…as…, regard…as…, treat…as…, consider…as…, think of…as…, see…as…等。其中consider…as…中的as可以省略。as与famous或known搭配，表示“作为……而出名”。

　　例5 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ________ as 3M.

　　A. knowingB. known C. being knownD. to be known

　　解析：如果熟悉be known as这一短语，运用有关非谓语动词的常识，可选出正确答案B。

　　三、用作关系代词的as

　　1. 引导限制性定语从句，先行词前通常有as, so, such, same等修饰语。例如：He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find./My hometown is no longer the same as it used to be./As many people as are present will be given a present.在此种用法中，同学们要注意与结果状语从句的区别。比如：A: The teacher asked us such a difficult question that none of us could answer it. B: The teacher asked us such a difficult question as none of us could answer.A句为结果状语从句，而B句则是定语从句。

　　2. 引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个主句(即先行句)，表示“这一事实，那一情况”。从句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如：We stand when the national anthem is played, as is the custom.

　　例6 ______ I explained on the telephone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.

　　A. When B. After C. As D. Since

　　解析：根据句意，选项C是正确答案。as表现的正是本点所讲用法。

　　四、用作副词的as

　　修饰形容词或副词，表示程度，意为“同样地”。例如：He swims fast, but I swim just as fast. 但它通常构成表示比较的结构“asas”，“not asas”。此结构中第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。否定结构中的副词as可以由so代替。asas possible /one can也属于此用法。例如：It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.

　　五、用在习语中的as

　　由as构成的习语很多，常见的有：as soon as “一就”，引导时间状语从句;as/so long as “只要”引导条件状语从句;as if/though “好像，仿佛”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句;as to/ as for “至于，就而言”;as much/many as“多达”;as/so far as “就的限度”;as a result，as a result of “(由于的)结果”;as a matter of fact“事实上”;as well “也、还”;A as well as B“不但A而且B”;as it is“照现状看，看样子”，等等。这些习语在高考中可能经常遇到，在高考题中有的作为正确选项，有的作为干扰项，有的出现在题干，值得同学们认真掌握。例如：

　　例9 I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.

　　A. in other wordsB. on the other hand C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact 解析：选项D极具干扰意义，但进一步研读会发现本题中的两个分句表达了一件事的两个对立面，故选B。

　　例10 ——People should stop using their cars and start using public transport. ——______. The roads are too crowded as it is.

　　A. All right B. Exactly C. Go aheadD. Fine

　　解析：本题选项中虽没有as内容，但题干中的as it is却是解题的关键信息，正确选项为B。

带介词的定语从句（扩展2）

——in which 定语从句3篇

in which 定语从句1

　　你的问题中提到的in which是属于“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句.

　　关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词 + 关系代词（只用 whom /which）引导

　　The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

　　= The school in which he once studied is very famous.

　　Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.

　　= Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.

　　We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.

　　= We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.

in which 定语从句2

　　1.in which可以等于when,也可以等于where,但不会等于why.

　　关键是看定语从句中缺少时间状语还是地点状语.

　　2.例如：

　　1）I'll never forget these days in/during which I stayed with you.

　　= I'll never forget these days when I stayed with you.

　　我永远不会忘记我和你待在一起的日子.

　　其中：in/during which I stayed with you = when I stayed with you

　　= I stayed with you in/during which = I stayed with you in/during these days

　　2）This is the city in which I stayed last year.

　　= This is the city where I stayed last year.

　　这就是那个去年我待的地方.

　　其中：where I stayed last year = in which I stayed last year

　　= I stayed in which last year = I stayed in the city last year.

　　3.另外,有的in which找不到合适的关系副词代替.

　　如：I dislike the way in which you treat me.

　　我不喜欢你对待我的方式.

　　其中：in which you treat me = you treat me in which

　　= you treat me in the way

　　4.for which = why

　　如：Can you tell me the reason why you were late?

　　= Can you tell me the reason for which you were late?

　　你能告诉我你迟到的原因吗?

　　其中：why you were late = for which you were late

　　= you were late for which = you were late for the reason

in which 定语从句3

　　in which用于定语从句，作关系代词，在句中要做成分

　　in which用于定语从句，作关系副词，在句中不做成分，in which=where

　　in which只搜索能用在定语从句中，等于where,在定语从句中作状语。

　　如：He lived in the house in which tomonce lived.

　　定语从句中如

　　This is the room in which we stayed

　　先行词是room，后的句子是用来修饰room的

　　但是room不可做stay的成分，因为stay是不及物动词，后不可直接家宾语，所以要有个介词.

　　其实上述的句子

　　This is the room which we stayed in.

　　这里的介词是可以提到which前的

　　定语从句in which等的用法

　　in which,forwhich,onwhich,atwhich的不同用法

　　这些都是定语从句里面，由which引导的定语从句，介词提前。

带介词的定语从句（扩展3）

——where的定语从句3篇

where的定语从句1

　　where先行词表示时间、地点、原因，但关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，应用关系代词that或which.如：

　　Ill never forget 1976 that / which was full of sadness.

　　（作主语）

　　我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。

　　I regret the days （that/which） I wasted in the woods.

　　（作宾语）

　　我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。

　　This is the factory that/which produces cars. （作主语）

　　这就是那个生产小汽车的工厂。

　　This is the factory （that/which） he visited yesterday.

　　（作宾语）

　　这就是他昨天参观的工厂。

　　This is the reason that/which is unreasonable. （作主语）

　　这是一个没道理的理由。

　　This is the reason （that/which） he raised. （作宾语）

　　这是他提出的理由。

　　2. 关系副词有时相当于 适当的介词+关系代词。如：

　　① where=in/on which

　　This is the room where / in which he lives.

　　巩固练习：

　　从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　1. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting

　　for the great chance.（湖南2004）

　　A. how B. which C. where D. that

　　2. We are living in an age _______ many things are done

　　on com*r.（**2003春）

　　A. which B. that C. whose D. when

　　3. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was

　　taken good care of in that far-away village.（NMET 2001）

　　A. until B. that C. when D. where

　　4. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his careless-

　　ness in his work？ （上海2002春）

　　A. he explained B. what he explained

　　C. how he explained D. why he explained

　　5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the

　　small town ______ he grewup as a child. （NMET 1996）

　　A. which B. that C. where D. when

　　Key： 1-5 CDCAC

where的定语从句2

　　Where引导定语从句，先行词不一定都表示地点

　　1. We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly.

　　A.which B.as C.why D.where

　　2.He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car.

　　A.which B.as C.why D.where

　　两道题都选where ，但是case, situation都不是地点，如何理解？

　　在“先行词不是表示地点的名词”的前提下，如何判断是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题是一个高频考点。就是说，关系副词where所指代的先行词不只是表示地点的名词。

　　用Where引导定语从句，先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解，当where引导定语从句时，它的先行词就是表示地点的名词，但事实并不是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下，where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。

　　请看以下几个例句：

　　1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other.

　　请记住，最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的'爱超过彼此间的需要。

　　点评：这里where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one，也就是relationship (此处one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地点名词，但此处却用了where来引导，where在这里表示“在这样的感情关系下”。从定语从句的结构来看，定语从句不缺主语和宾语，引导词where在从句中充当的是状语。

　　2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vital interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low. 欺诈行为在这种情况下最有可能发生：利益重大，而且欺诈行为被发现的可能性小。

　　点评：句中的先行词是situations，表示“情形，情况”，引导词依然用的是where，表示“在这种情况之下”。这里的定语从句也是不缺主语或宾语的，where在从句中充当的是状语。

　　3. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people

　　will have to accept more “unnatural food”.除非人类能够意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度——使地球能为所有人提供足够的食物，否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。

　　点评：这里的先行词是point，表示“某种程度，某种状况”，引导词where指代point，表示“在这种程度下”。这里定语从句也是不缺主语和宾语的，where在从句中充当的仍然是状语。

　　从上面三个例句中，我们可以发现以下两点：第一，即使先行词不是表示地点的词，定语从句也能够使用关系副词where来引导；第二，上面三个例句中，where分别指代relationship、situation和point，分别表示“在……关系中”“在……情况下”“达到……程度”，这些词虽然不是表示地点的名词，但在从句中表达的是“某个点或状态”的含义。我们可以把这类名词解释成“含有抽象地点意义的名词”，此类词也能用关系副词where来进行引导。

　　先行词不表示地点时，如何判断是否使用Where引导定语从句当先行词不是表示地点的名词时，该如何判断是否使用where引导定语从句呢？由上文给出的例句可知，含有抽象地点意义的名词能用关系副词where来引导，并且在每个例句的点评中都反复强调“定语从句不缺主语和宾语，where在从句中充当的是状语”。

　　由此，我们可以大胆地进行引申和归纳，提出“当先行词不表示地点时，使用where引导定语从句”的判断方法。首先，判断定语从句的结构：定语从句应该不缺少主语和宾语，而是缺少状语。其次，观察先行词：先行词是除了时间名词(在这种情况下会用when)和原因名词(在这种情况下会用why)以外的其他任何名词。第二个条件之所以成立，是因为定语从句中的状语成分一般就是由when、where和why等三个引导词来引导的。

　　为了更深刻地理解这种判断方法，请看以下几个例句：

　　4. English is a fixed-word-order language where each phrase has a fixed position. 英语是一种“词序固定”的语言，这种语言的特点就是每个短语都有固定的位置。

　　点评：首先，我们来判断定语从句“each phrase has a fixed position”的结构：该从句并不缺少主语和宾语，但是缺少状语。其次，我们来看先行词：先行词是fixed-word-order language, 它既不表示时间，也不表示原因。由此可知，此处用where来指代先行词，表示“在词序固定这样的语言中”。

　　5. At the Academy, Plato taught the students through the use of debates, where two or more people took different ideas of an argument. 在学院里，柏拉图采用的教学方法是**辩论，在辩论中，两个或多个学生各持一方观点。

　　点评：首先，我们来判断定语从句“two or morepeople took different ideas of an argument”的句子结构：该从句不缺少主语和宾语，但是缺少状语。其次，我们来看先行词：先行词是debates，它既不是时间名词，也不是原因名词。由此可知，此处应用where引导定语从句，表示“在辩论中”。

　　6. However, being enthusiastic isn't for everyone and no one likes false enthusiasm, where a person pretends to be excited even about small points.然而，热情并非适合每一个人，而且也没有人喜欢那种连区区小事都假装兴奋的假热情。

　　点评：首先，我们判断定语从句“a person pretends to be excited even about small points”的句子结构：该从句不缺少主语和宾语，但是缺少状语。其次，我们来看先行词：先行词是false enthusiasm，它既不是时间名词，也不是原因名词。因而，此处用where来引导定语从句，表示“在虚假的热情这种状态下”。

　　通过对上面三个例句的点评，相信读者已经能够掌握在先行词不表示地点的情况下，如何判断是否使用where来引导定语从句了。此外，我们需要仔细体会例句中where指代先行词时所表达的含义，分别是“在……样的语言中”“在……中”“在……样的状态下”，这些含义与第一节所举的例子类似，都带有抽象的地点意义。因而，我们在日后的学习和考试中应当谨记：

　　用where引导的定语从句，先行词不一定是表示地点的名词，因为先行词也可能是含有抽象地点意义的名词。由此，我们总结如下：

　　先行词是表示“地点”或任何含有“抽象地点意义”的名词用where引导定语从句。

where的定语从句3

　　where先行词表示时间、地点、原因，但关系词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语时，应用关系代词that或which.如：

　　Ill never forget 1976 that / which was full of sadness.

　　（作主语）

　　我不会忘记充满悲哀的1976年。

　　I regret the days （that/which） I wasted in the woods.

　　（作宾语）

　　我后悔在森林里虚度的日子。

　　This is the factory that/which produces cars. （作主语）

　　这就是那个生产小汽车的工厂。

　　This is the factory （that/which） he visited yesterday.

　　（作宾语）

　　这就是他昨天参观的工厂。

　　This is the reason that/which is unreasonable. （作主语）

　　这是一个没道理的理由。

　　This is the reason （that/which） he raised. （作宾语）

　　这是他提出的理由。

　　2. 关系副词有时相当于 适当的介词+关系代词。如：

　　① where=in/on which

　　This is the room where / in which he lives.

　　巩固练习：

　　从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　1. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting

　　for the great chance.（湖南2004）

　　A. how B. which C. where D. that

　　2. We are living in an age _______ many things are done

　　on com*r.（**2003春）

　　A. which B. that C. whose D. when

　　3. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was

　　taken good care of in that far-away village.（NMET 2001）

　　A. until B. that C. when D. where

　　4. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his careless-

　　ness in his work？ （上海2002春）

　　A. he explained B. what he explained

　　C. how he explained D. why he explained

　　5. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the

　　small town ______ he grewup as a child. （NMET 1996）

　　A. which B. that C. where D. when

　　Key： 1-5 CDCAC

带介词的定语从句（扩展4）

——定语从句的基本用法3篇

定语从句的基本用法1

　　1、当介词放在关系代词之前时。

　　2、在非限制性定语从句中。

　　3、当关系代词指整个主句的概念时。

定语从句的基本用法2

　　1、when时间状语

　　注意：It/Ihis/That + be + the first/ second/ last time that… 只能用that,that可以省略，从句用相应的完成时。

　　2、where 地点状语

　　注意：当先行词为模糊的地点时，如point. Situation, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等名词时用where.

　　3、why 原因状语 先行词为reason。

定语从句的基本用法3

　　1、介词如何确定

　　(1)依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定

　　(2)依据先行词的习惯搭配来确定

　　(3)根据意思来确定

　　(4)为了强调某一名词，不定式前加上关系词

　　2、关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词的位置

　　(1)whom和which可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。

　　(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。

　　(3)关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。

　　(4)关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起作介词宾语。

　　3、“名词/数词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构常见的形式有：名词/one/two/some/none/all/both/several/many/most/a few/a little/the+比较级/the+最高级…+of+which/whom。

带介词的定语从句（扩展5）

——which定语从句的用法3篇

which定语从句的用法1

　　我们知道，as和which作为关系代词都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句所表达的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，但它们在用法上有区别，这一点许多学生往往搞不清楚。现就它们引导非限制性定语从句的用法简述如下：

　　一、相同之处

　　当从句位于主句之后，引导词指代整个主句所表达的全部意义时，as和which可以互换。如：

　　The elephant is like a snake,as/which everybody can see.

　　大家都看得出，这头大象像条蛇。

　　A big earthquake occurred there last night,as/which was reported on TV.

　　据电视报道，昨夜那里发生了大地震。

　　She is from Shanghai,as/which I know from her accent.

　　她来自上海，那是我从她的口音知道的。

　　二、不同之处

　　1、as引导非限制性定语从句时，位置比较灵活，可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之中或之后;而which引导非限制定语从句只能位于主句之后，不能位于主句之前。如：

　　_______ is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth.

　　A.It B.As C.That D.Which

　　答案：B

　　_______ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.

　　A.Which B.As C.That D.It

　　答案：B

　　Air,as we know,is a gas.众所周知，空气是一种气体。

　　He is very careful,as his work shows.

　　他的工作表现表明他非常谨慎。

　　as引导非限制性定语从句常有“如同......那样”的含义，因此在一些固定结构中，如：

　　as we know;as is known to all(众所周知)

　　as we all can see(正如我们大家都能看到的那样)

　　as has been said before/above(正如前面所述)

　　as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那样)

　　as might be imagined(可以想象得到)

　　as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)

　　as is often the case(情况通常是这样)

　　以上种种固定搭配，一般不能用which代替as。

　　2、搭配上，在由the same或such所修饰的名词后通常用as作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句。如：

　　I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

　　我遇到了与他一样的麻烦。

　　I've never heard of such a moving story as he is telling.

　　我从未听过像他讲得那么有趣的故事。

　　3、which引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，可以用and this代替，意思是“这件事”;as引导的从句主要起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等。如：

　　He sold his new car,which surprised me.

　　=He sold his new car,and this serprised me.

　　Einstein,as we know,is a famous scientist.

　　我们都知道，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。

　　As is known to all,****** is part of China.

　　众所周知，**是*的一部分。

　　4、当which在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时，不可用as代替which。如：

　　The peach tree,which I planted last year,has not borne any fruit.

　　这棵桃树是我去年种下的，还没有结出任何果实。

　　The book,which I bought yesterday,is very instructive.

　　我昨天买的这本书很有教育意义。

　　5、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语，也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。如：

　　He married her,which was nature.(可用as代替which)

　　他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。

　　She met the boy,which delighted her.(不可用as代替which)

　　她见到了那个男孩，这使得她很高兴。

　　He failed in the exam again,which made his parents very angry.

　　他考试有不及格了，这是他父母很生气。

　　6、as引导的从句在意义上不可与主语相悖，而which引导的从句则不受此限制。

　　Mum treats me like a baby,which I can't bear.

　　妈妈把我当小孩看待，这是我不能忍受的。

which定语从句的用法2

　　一、which前面有逗号，逗号前面是个名词，which就近指代那个名词。

　　(1) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which did not cheer Pea up.

　　which就近指代photos，定语从句中谓语动词did not cheer (Pea up)的发出者即从句主语即先行词photos，是photos没让豌豆家属高兴起来。

　　(2) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.

　　which就近指代photos，photos是定语从句中的宾语，把定语从句还原成一个完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.

　　可以看到，上面两个句子都可以以that为关系代词改写，即

　　(1)Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that did not cheer Pea up.

　　(2)Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.

　　改写与原版区别在哪儿？就在一个逗号。which前面是名词，名词和which之间没逗号的，在GMAT语法里算错。

　　二、which前面是介词，介词前面是名词，which就近指代介词前的那个名词，名词和介词之间有无逗号均可。

　　Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.

　　这个句子可以“拆”成如下两句：（每个定语从句都可以拆成两句，以先行词为拆分点）

　　(1)Tankfield once lent Pea a book.

　　(2)Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.

　　先行词实际上是定语从句中介词的宾语，这时，需要把介词提前，避免如下表达：

　　(1)Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)

　　(2)Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)

　　上中学的时候学过，which引导的定语从句叫“非限制性定语从句”，是不是？它怎么就“非限制性”了？回顾上述GMAT语法规定which有且仅有的两种用法，which指的都是就近的名词，从句其实还是限制性的。

　　所谓非限制性呢，是说which指逗号之前一套主谓所描述的情况，以逗号前的一个完整句为先行词。比如：

　　(1)Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which was rather sad.

　　(2)Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.

　　注意，这样的非限制性定语从句在GMAT语法中是不成立的，关于which，GMAT语法考试只认可上述两种限制性用法。那么，在GMAT语法考试规则范围内，用什么方法能够表达出原来学过的非限制性定语从句的意思来呢？

　　分成两句或做出同位语来都是可以的，当然，需要先找出一个名词把原来非限制性定语从句的先行词（即那个完整的句子）概括出来。

　　一、分成两句

　　Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. The fact was rather sad.

　　Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. Pea did not refuse to acknowledge the fact to herself any more.

　　二、做同位语

　　Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, the fact, rather sad,beingwhat Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.

　　考题及答案解析：

　　[考题1]

　　Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcentre,____isalwaysbusyattheweekend.

　　A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which

　　[答案]D

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰theshoppingcentre，应选用D选项中的关系代词which，which在该定语从句中充当主语。

　　[考题2]

　　York,____lastyear,isaniceoldcity.(2003**)

　　A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisited

　　C.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited

　　[答案]B

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰York，在定语从句中充当及物动词visit的宾语，应选用B选项中的关系代词which。

　　[考题3]

　　Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.

　　A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which

　　[答案]D

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰windows，在定语从句中充当介词of的宾语，应选用D选项中的关系代词which。

　　[考题4]

　　Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,____meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.(2006江苏)

　　A.whoB.thatC.asD.which

　　[答案]D

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰整个主句“theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning”所表示的情况，应选用C选项中的`关系代词which，在该定语从句中充当主语。

　　[考题5]

　　Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,____,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.

　　A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what

　　[答案]B

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰整个主句“Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay”所表示的情况，应选用B选项中的关系代词which，在该定语从句中充当主语。

　　[考题6]

　　Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,____wehadn’texpected.

　　A.when B.thatC.whichD.what

　　[答案]C

　　[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰整个主句“theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood”所表示的情况，应选用C选项中的关系代词which，在该定语从句中充当及物动词expect的宾语。

　　[考题7]

　　TheEnglishplay____mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.

　　A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich

　　[答案]C

　　[解析]表示“在英语剧中”应用介词in，因此在修饰先行词play的限定性定语从句中也应用介词in与指代先行词play的关系代词which连用，本题只能选C。注意：本题中which充当置于定语从句中最前面的介词in的宾语(inwhich在整个定语从句中充当状语)。

　　[考题8]

　　Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection____shehadcome.

　　A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich

　　[答案]D

　　[解析]表示“从他来的方向跑回去”，应选用介词from。下划线处是引导修饰direction的定语从句。

　　[考题9]

　　Frank’sdreamwastohavehisownshop____toproducetheworkingsofhisownhands.

　　A.thatB.inwhichC.bywhichD.how

　　[答案]B

　　[解析]题干句意为：Frank的梦想是拥有一家可以生产自己的手工制品的商店。inwhich相当于intheshop的含义，最适合引导定语从句。

　　[考题10]

　　Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst____Ireallyenjoyed.

　　A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which

　　[答案]B

　　[解析]ofwhich表示thefirstofthreebooks的含义，介词of不可以省略，that不可以紧跟介词后引导定语从句，因此应选B。

　　[考题11]

　　Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,____hewentontoCambridge.

　　A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis

　　[答案]C

　　[解析]this不能引导定语从句修饰前面的school，介词后的关系代词不能是that(“考点72：that引导的定语从句的用法”中将有此考点的具体介绍)，因此应排除选项B和D;由于此处which指代前面整个主句，全句意为“他在当地的一所语法学校接受教育之后，又去了剑桥。”，介词应选用after，因此应进一步排除选项A而选出C。

　　附：定语从句中的that和which用法区别

　　1、先行若是不定代，that就把which踹

　　春雨惊春清谷天，夏满芒夏暑相连，秋处露秋寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒。上半年是六廿一，下半年来八**，每月两节日期定，最多相差一二天。当先行词为anything, everything, nothing, all, any, much, many, one等不定代词时，只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.

　　例：Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能给你做点什么吗？

　　2、先行词前有两数，就用that定无误

　　当先行词是基数词或序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.

　　例句：

　　That is the second time that I have been to Japan.

　　那是我去**的第二次。

　　The two buildings that lay on the River Thames fell down last week.

　　坐落在泰晤士河岸边的那两座大楼上星期倒塌了。

　　3、先行词前最高级，还用that必无疑

　　当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”, 不用“which”.

　　例句：

　　This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.

　　这是我度过的最美好的时光。

　　4、句中若有there be, that应把which替

　　例：

　　There is no evidence that animals possess a mysterious sixth-sense allowing them to predict natural disasters.

　　说动物拥有神秘的第六感，可以预知自然灾害，这是没有根据的。

　　5、先行主中做表语，避免重复从句里

　　例句：

　　1）This is not the hospital that it used to be.

　　这已经不再是以前那座医院了。

　　2）Mr Thomson is not the man that he was.

　　汤姆森先生已经不再是以前的他了。

　　解析：定语从句的先行词均在主句中做表语。

　　例句：

　　Which is the course that we are to take ?

　　我们要学哪门课？

　　解析：句中已有which,后面不再用which,避免重复用that。

　　6、先行词前有just/the only/very/same/last等词，关系代词用that,不用which

　　例句：

　　1) The North Pole is the only place that you can see polar bears.

　　北极是唯一能见到北极熊的地方。

　　2）This is the same bike that he lost.

　　这就是他丢了的那辆自行车。

　　注意区分：

　　3) This is the same bike as he lost.

　　这辆自行车和他丢的那辆一样。（但不是）

which定语从句的用法3

　　我们知道，as和which作为关系代词都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句所表达的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，但它们在用法上有区别，这一点许多学生往往搞不清楚。现就它们引导非限制性定语从句的用法简述如下：

　　一、相同之处

　　当从句位于主句之后，引导词指代整个主句所表达的全部意义时，as和which可以互换。如：

　　The elephant is like a snake,as/which everybody can see.

　　大家都看得出，这头大象像条蛇。

　　A big earthquake occurred there last night,as/which was reported on TV.

　　据电视报道，昨夜那里发生了大地震。

　　She is from Shanghai,as/which I know from her accent.

　　她来自上海，那是我从她的口音知道的。

　　二、不同之处

　　1、as引导非限制性定语从句时，位置比较灵活，可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之中或之后;而which引导非限制定语从句只能位于主句之后，不能位于主句之前。如：

　　_______ is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth.

　　A.It B.As C.That D.Which

　　答案：B

　　_______ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.

　　A.Which B.As C.That D.It

　　答案：B

　　Air,as we know,is a gas.众所周知，空气是一种气体。

　　He is very careful,as his work shows.

　　他的工作表现表明他非常谨慎。

　　as引导非限制性定语从句常有“如同......那样”的含义，因此在一些固定结构中，如：

　　as we know;as is known to all(众所周知)

　　as we all can see(正如我们大家都能看到的那样)

　　as has been said before/above(正如前面所述)

　　as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那样)

　　as might be imagined(可以想象得到)

　　as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)

　　as is often the case(情况通常是这样)

　　以上种种固定搭配，一般不能用which代替as。

　　2、搭配上，在由the same或such所修饰的名词后通常用as作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句。如：

　　I have got into the same trouble as he (has).

　　我遇到了与他一样的麻烦。

　　I've never heard of such a moving story as he is telling.

　　我从未听过像他讲得那么有趣的故事。

　　3、which引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句，可以用and this代替，意思是“这件事”;as引导的从句主要起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等。如：

　　He sold his new car,which surprised me.

　　=He sold his new car,and this serprised me.

　　Einstein,as we know,is a famous scientist.

　　我们都知道，爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。

　　As is known to all,****** is part of China.

　　众所周知，**是*的一部分。

　　4、当which在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时，不可用as代替which。如：

　　The peach tree,which I planted last year,has not borne any fruit.

　　这棵桃树是我去年种下的，还没有结出任何果实。

　　The book,which I bought yesterday,is very instructive.

　　我昨天买的这本书很有教育意义。

　　5、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语，也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。如：

　　He married her,which was nature.(可用as代替which)

　　他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。

　　She met the boy,which delighted her.(不可用as代替which)

　　她见到了那个男孩，这使得她很高兴。

　　He failed in the exam again,which made his parents very angry.

　　他考试有不及格了，这是他父母很生气。

　　6、as引导的从句在意义上不可与主语相悖，而which引导的从句则不受此限制。

　　Mum treats me like a baby,which I can't bear.

　　妈妈把我当小孩看待，这是我不能忍受的。

带介词的定语从句（扩展6）

——where的定语从句用法3篇

where的定语从句用法1

　　例1)I went to a small town. I met my boyfriend in that town.

　　在后面的简单句中，in that town是地点状语，所以可以用 where代替in that town，I met my boyfriend 放在先行词(也就是定语从句所修饰的词)town的后面。

　　I went to a small town where I met my boyfriend.我去了一个小镇，在那里我遇见了我的男朋友。

　　例2)I went to a small town. It is very quiet and peaceful.

　　这两句合成定语从句就是 it去掉，用which/that，来代替，定语从句which/that is very quiet and peaceful 来修饰先行词town.

　　I went to a small town which is very quiet and peaceful.

　　I went to a small town that is very quiet and peaceful.

　　为什么主句都一样，修饰的也是同一个先行词town，第一个就用连接词where，而第二个就用连接词which或that呢?在定语从句中，一定要弄清句子成分。

　　I met my boyfriend in that town. In that town 是做地点状语。

　　It is very quiet and peaceful. It 是做谓语动词is的主语。

　　所以例句1连接词where代替的是地点状语，in that town.例句2 连接词that或which是代替主语it，也就是town.

　　在定语从句中 where一定翻译在那里，然后再翻译定语从句，翻译完之后，感觉通顺，定语从句一定是一个完整的简单句。

　　例3)The street where the parade begins is Broadway.

　　那条街道是百老汇街，在那里开始了

　　在这个从句中，the parade begins 是一个完整的简单句，不缺宾语 因为begin是不及物动词。(以后会讲及物动词和不及物动词)。

　　例4)The site where the concert will take place is Golden Park.

　　那个地点是golden park，在那里举行音乐会。

　　练习：把下面几个句子补充完整。

　　1，we went to a hospital which___________________.(which 指代从句宾语)

　　We went to a hospital where _____________________.

　　We went to a hospital which______________________.(which指代从句主语)

　　2，Lisa cleaned the classroom where___________________.

　　Lisa cleaned the classroom that _____________________.

　　Lisa cleaned the classroom that __________________.

带介词的定语从句（扩展7）

——关系代词引导的定语从句3篇

关系代词引导的定语从句1

　　1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

　　which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）

　　who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

　　whom 指人在从句中作宾语

　　whose 指人或物在从句中作定语

　　as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

　　but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语

　　注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词

　　2、as 的用法

　　（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as

　　注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个

　　the same…that 表示同一个

　　（2）as与which的区别

　　a、位置不同

　　as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。

　　b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。

　　Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。

　　注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,

　　as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。

　　c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。

关系代词引导的定语从句2

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　　1）who, whom, that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

　　He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

　　2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

　　3）which, that，它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作主语）

　　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语）

关系代词引导的定语从句3

　　1. 由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体，在非正式文体中通常将介词放至句末。如：This is the man to whom I referred. 我指的就是这个人。This is the man (whom) I referred to. 我指的就是这个人。

　　2. 直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的.关系代词whom不能换成who。但若介词用于句末，则用作宾语的which, whom也可换成that, who，或者省略不同。如：这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能换成that，也不能省略)This is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。(which可以换成that，也可以省略)

　　3. 关系副词when, where, why根据情况有时可换成“介词+关系代词which”。如： That is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的日子。That is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住过的房子。That is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必须道歉的原因。

　　4. 在很正式的文体中，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句可紧缩成“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。如：在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正：There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)注：这类“介词+关系代词++不定式”结构中的介词不能没有，也不能放在句末。如不能说There the children had a garden which to play in.

带介词的定语从句（扩展8）

——定语从句where的先行词3篇

定语从句where的先行词1

　　一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point

　　You reach a point wheremedicine can’t help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。

　　The cr**** has reached a point wherethe receiver will have to be called in.危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。

　　We have reached a point wherea change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。

　　注:有时point也可以是具体的地点:

　　Let the point whereAB cuts CD be called E.设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。

　　The accident happened at the point wherethe A15 joins the M1.事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。

　　二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case

　　There are cases wherethe word“mighty”is used as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。

　　Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases wherebeginners of English fail to use the language properly.今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。

　　三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity

　　Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity wheresight * more than hearing.那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。

　　四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation

　　He got into a situation whereit is hard to decide what is right and wrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。

　　If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation whereyou might lose it.你如果拿重要的东**冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。

　　五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position

　　It’s put me in a position whereI can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。

　　六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job

　　She wants a job whereher management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。

　　I don’t want a job whereI’m chained to a desk all day.我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。

　　【模拟训练】

　　01. We’re just trying to reach a point _______ both sides will sitdown together and talk.

　　A. where B. that C. when D. which

　　02. She had got to the point ______ she felt that she could nottake any more.

　　A. what B. when C. where D. which

　　03. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches thepoint ______ he can walk correctly and safely.

　　A. when B. where C. which D. that

　　04. It was so confusing that eventually it got to the point ______no one knew what was going on.

　　A. when B. that C. which D. where

　　05. I don’t want a job ______ I’m chained to a desk for eighthours a day.

　　A. which B. where C. what D. when

　　2/9页

　　06. Drink-driving is one case ______ severe punishment seemsto work as a deterrent.

　　A. that B. which C. when D. where

　　07.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced toreaders_______consumer complains have resulted in changes in thelaw.(2008江西)

　　A. where B. when C. who D. { A此题是由where引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为cases，此句意思是“在这一章节，消费者的抱怨产生的法律上的变化的这一案例及情况将被介绍给读者”。}

　　【参***】01—06 ACBDBD

　　1.—Where did you get to know her?

　　—It was on the farm ___D___ we worked. (山东卷)

　　A. that B. there C. which D. where

　　2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ___D___they learn simple games and songs. (全国I)

　　A. then B. there C. while D. where

　　3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity___D___ sight * more than hearing. (天津卷)

　　A. when B. whose C. which D. where

　　4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ___D___ beginners of

　　English fail to use the language properly. (陕西卷)

　　A. which B. as C. why D. where

　　5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___D___

　　she had to decide what to do. (江西卷)

　　A. that B. what C. which D. where

　　以上5道题的答案分别是DDDDD，其中前面两道比较容易，因为它们符合“where引导的定语从句用于修饰表示地点的名词”这一基本用法。但是，后面3道题则有所不同，因为它们修饰的名词不是具体的地点名词，而是一个抽象名词，即分别是activity, case, point，state，stage, situation，等意指“情况、情形、形势”时，引导词常用where或介词，which。如:We're just trying to reach a point____ both sides will sit down together and talk.(06山东

　　26.)A. where B. that C. when D. which由于一般的语法书对这一问题很少涉及，所以许多考生对这类考题比较生疏。为帮助同学们熟悉这一语言现象，正确掌握这一知识点，本文拟对where定语从句修饰抽象名词的用法作一归纳。

　　用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点

　　按照通常的理解,当where引导定语从句时,它的先行词就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请看以下几个例句:

　　1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your lovefor each other is greater than your need for each other.

　　请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。

　　点评:这里where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one,也就是relationship (此处one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地点名词,但此处却用了where来引导,where在这里表示“在这样的感情关系下”。从定语从句的结构来看,定语从句不缺主语和宾语,引导词where在从句中充当的是状语。

　　2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vitalinterests are high and the chances of getting caught are low.

　　欺诈行为在这种情况下最有可能发生:利益重大,而且欺诈行为被发现的可能性小。

　　点评:句中的先行词是situations,表示“情形,情况”,引导词依然用的是where,

　　表示“在这种情况之下”。这里的定语从句也是不缺主语或宾语的,where在从句中充当的是状语。

　　3. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower itspopulation to the point where the planet can provide acomfortable support for all, people will have to accept more“unnatural food”.

　　除非人类能够意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度——使地球能为所有人提供足够的食物,

　　否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。

　　点评:这里的先行词是point,表示“某种程度,某种状况”,引导词where指代

　　point,表示“在这种程度之下”。这里定语从句也是不缺主语和宾语的,where在从句中充当的仍然是状语。

定语从句where的先行词2

　　一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point

　　You reach a point wheremedicine can’t help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。

　　The cr**** has reached a point wherethe receiver will have to be called in.危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。

　　We have reached a point wherea change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。

　　注:有时point也可以是具体的地点:

　　Let the point whereAB cuts CD be called E.设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。

　　The accident happened at the point wherethe A15 joins the M1.事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。

　　二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case

　　There are cases wherethe word“mighty”is used as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。

　　Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases wherebeginners of English fail to use the language properly.今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。

　　三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity

　　Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity wheresight * more than hearing.那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。

　　四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation

　　He got into a situation whereit is hard to decide what is right and wrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。

　　If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation whereyou might lose it.你如果拿重要的东**冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。

　　五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position

　　It’s put me in a position whereI can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。

　　六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job

　　She wants a job whereher management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。

　　I don’t want a job whereI’m chained to a desk all day.我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。

　　【模拟训练】

　　01. We’re just trying to reach a point _______ both sides will sitdown together and talk.

　　A. where B. that C. when D. which

　　02. She had got to the point ______ she felt that she could nottake any more.

　　A. what B. when C. where D. which

　　03. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches thepoint ______ he can walk correctly and safely.

　　A. when B. where C. which D. that

　　04. It was so confusing that eventually it got to the point ______no one knew what was going on.

　　A. when B. that C. which D. where

　　05. I don’t want a job ______ I’m chained to a desk for eighthours a day.

　　A. which B. where C. what D. when

　　2/9页

　　06. Drink-driving is one case ______ severe punishment seemsto work as a deterrent.

　　A. that B. which C. when D. where

　　07.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced toreaders_______consumer complains have resulted in changes in thelaw.(2008江西)

　　A. where B. when C. who D. { A此题是由where引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为cases，此句意思是“在这一章节，消费者的抱怨产生的法律上的变化的这一案例及情况将被介绍给读者”。}

　　【参***】01—06 ACBDBD

　　1.—Where did you get to know her?

　　—It was on the farm ___D___ we worked. (山东卷)

　　A. that B. there C. which D. where

　　2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ___D___they learn simple games and songs. (全国I)

　　A. then B. there C. while D. where

　　3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity___D___ sight * more than hearing. (天津卷)

　　A. when B. whose C. which D. where

　　4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ___D___ beginners of

　　English fail to use the language properly. (陕西卷)

　　A. which B. as C. why D. where

　　5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___D___

　　she had to decide what to do. (江西卷)

　　A. that B. what C. which D. where

　　以上5道题的答案分别是DDDDD，其中前面两道比较容易，因为它们符合“where引导的定语从句用于修饰表示地点的名词”这一基本用法。但是，后面3道题则有所不同，因为它们修饰的名词不是具体的地点名词，而是一个抽象名词，即分别是activity, case, point，state，stage, situation，等意指“情况、情形、形势”时，引导词常用where或介词，which。如:We're just trying to reach a point____ both sides will sit down together and talk.(06山东

　　26.)A. where B. that C. when D. which由于一般的语法书对这一问题很少涉及，所以许多考生对这类考题比较生疏。为帮助同学们熟悉这一语言现象，正确掌握这一知识点，本文拟对where定语从句修饰抽象名词的用法作一归纳。

　　用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点

　　按照通常的理解,当where引导定语从句时,它的先行词就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请看以下几个例句:

　　1. Remember that the best relationship is one where your lovefor each other is greater than your need for each other.

　　请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。

　　点评:这里where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one,也就是relationship (此处one指代的是relationship)。Relationship不是地点名词,但此处却用了where来引导,where在这里表示“在这样的感情关系下”。从定语从句的结构来看,定语从句不缺主语和宾语,引导词where在从句中充当的是状语。

　　2. Cheating is most likely in situations where the vitalinterests are high and the chances of getting caught are low.

　　欺诈行为在这种情况下最有可能发生:利益重大,而且欺诈行为被发现的可能性小。

　　点评:句中的先行词是situations,表示“情形,情况”,引导词依然用的是where,

　　表示“在这种情况之下”。这里的定语从句也是不缺主语或宾语的,where在从句中充当的是状语。

　　3. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower itspopulation to the point where the planet can provide acomfortable support for all, people will have to accept more“unnatural food”.

　　除非人类能够意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度——使地球能为所有人提供足够的食物,

　　否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。

　　点评:这里的先行词是point,表示“某种程度,某种状况”,引导词where指代

　　point,表示“在这种程度之下”。这里定语从句也是不缺主语和宾语的,where在从句中充当的仍然是状语。

带介词的定语从句（扩展9）

——新概念一定语从句

新概念一定语从句1

　　一、什么是定语(Attributive) :

　　a loyal friend 形容词作定语

　　a woman teacher 名词作定语

　　a girl with long hair 介词短语作后置定语

　　falling / fallen leaves 分词作定语

　　定语从句在句中相当于一个定语的成分起修饰的作用。

　　二、定语从句的构成：

　　1)which/that

　　a. Annawas wearing a hat.

　　b. Itwas too dirty.

　　定从： Annawas wearing a hat which/that was too dirty. (主语)

　　安娜戴了一顶很脏的帽子。

　　a. The hat was too dirty.

　　b. Anna was wearing a hat

　　定从： The hat that/ which Anna was wearing was too dirty.(宾语)

　　安娜戴着的那顶帽子太脏了。

　　2). who/whom

　　a. I meta boy.

　　b. Theboy can speak three languages.

　　定从： I met a boy who can speak three languages. (主语)

　　我见到了一个能说三种语言的男孩儿。

　　a. Theboy can speak three languages.

　　b. I met a boy.

　　定从：The boy whom/ who I met can speak three languages. (宾语)

　　我见到的男孩儿能说三种语言。

　　3. whose

　　a. We saw some people.

　　b. Their arms had broken.

　　定从： We saw some people whose arms had broken.

　　我们看见了一些手臂受了伤的人。

　　a. The desk belongs to Mary.

　　b. The leg of the desk is broken.

　　定从： The deskwhose leg is broken belongs to Mary.

　　腿坏了的桌子属于玛利。

　　三、只能使用关系代词that的几种情况。

　　1. 先行词为all, little, few,much, nothing, something, anything, everything等不定代词时

　　e.g.There is nothing that I can say

　　2. 先行词被 all, each, few,much, every, no, some, any 等词修饰时

　　e.g. I have few books that you needed

　　3. 先行词既有人又有物时

　　e.g. He talked about the teachers and schools that he liked

　　4.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时

　　e.g. This is the best composition that I have read.

　　5. 先行词被the only, the very,the last 等修饰时

　　e.g. This is the very man that I am looking for.

　　6. 主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时

　　e.g. Who is the man that is holding Mary’s hand?

　　四、非限定性定语从句 Non-restrictive Attributive Clause

　　1. “位置形式”：紧接先行词，不用标点分割

　　e.g. I want to buy the house which has agarden.

　　2. 用逗号与主句隔开，修饰“主句全句或部分内容”，可置句末，中，首。

　　e.g. I want to buy the house, which has agarden.

　　The earth is round, which is known to all

　　As is known to all, the earth is round.

　　3. “先行词”

　　限定性： n. / n. phrase

　　e.g. He wears a red shirt which makes himlike a girl.

　　非限定性：1). n. / n. phrase

　　2). the sentence

　　e.g. He wears a red shirt, which makes himlike a girl.

　　“关系词的用法”

　　限定性：1).关系代词作从句宾语时可省

　　2). that可替who, whom, which(口)

　　e.g. This is the book( which/that) I boughtyesterday.

　　非限定性：1).关系词不能用that

　　2).不能替换，不能省(which, as)

　　e.g. I like the book, which I bought yesterday

　　Do you know Tom, whom we talked about?

　　She has to work on Sundays,which she doesn’t like.

带介词的定语从句（扩展10）

——用定语从句写的英语作文

用定语从句写的英语作文1

　　There is no doubt that football is the NO.1 sport in the world, though our football players don’t play it very well, still a lot of fans keep their enthusiasm on this sport. They watch the matches even staying up. These fans like to make up a group. They share the same interest and watch the match together. It is football that brings them together.

　　毫无疑问，足球是世界上排名第一的体育运动，虽然我们国家的足球运动员踢得不是很好,但是还有很多球迷保持着对这项运动的热情。他们甚至熬夜看比赛。这些球迷喜欢组成群体，分享着相同的兴趣，一起观看比赛。足球让他们聚在了一起。

　　The biggest match for football is the World Cup. As it holds every four years, it is like the biggest event, and the whole world is crazy about it. All the media are reporting the event and fans from all over the world gather together, discussing it all the time.

　　最大的足球赛事是世界杯。每四年举行一次，就像是最大的盛事一样，整个世界都为之疯狂。所有的**报道赛事，球迷从全世界聚集在一起,讨论着足球。

　　As English is the international language, football is the international sport. People, no matter poor or rich, can share the same topic as they come together. People talk about their favorite players and predict the results. Football is like the silent language, bringing people together. As the most popular sport, it will attract more fans.

　　正如英语是国际语言，足球是国际运动。人，无论贫穷或富有，都可以走到一起，讨论相同的话题。大家谈论他们最喜欢的球员和预测结果。足球就像沉默的语言，把不同的人聚在一起。作为最流行的体育运动，它会吸引更多的`球迷。