定语从句

　　定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relative word）引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句（英语：attributive clause），这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。下面是小编整理的定语从句的相关内容，一起来看看吧。

　　定语从句例句

　　1、The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.

　　2、Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .

　　3、The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster.

　　4、The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.

　　5、Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.

　　6、These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.

　　7、There is a student who wants to see you.

　　8、The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.

　　9、I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.

　　10、I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.

　　11、The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good

　　12、I live in the room whose windows face south、(= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)

　　13、The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.

　　14、The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.

　　15、Is this the book which she is looking for?

　　16、The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.

　　17、The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son.

　　18、We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.

　　19、I have told them all (that) I know.

　　20、All that can be done has been done.

　　21、The first book that I read last night was an English novel.

　　22、This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.

　　23、This is the best that can be done now.

　　24、We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.

　　25、There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.

　　26、This is the only book that can be lent to you.

　　27、Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ?

　　28、This is the factory in which we once worked.

　　29、He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.

　　30、Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.

　　31、Those which are on the desk are English books.

　　32、This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun.

　　33、He was late again, as / which we had expected、=As we had expected, he was late again.

　　34、he street hasn’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty.

　　35、The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful.

　　36、He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health.

　　37、As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner.

　　38、Such books as this are too difficult for beginners.

　　39、I live in the same building as he (does).

　　40、He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.

　　41、He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.(

　　42、That is one of the books that are required for study at school.

　　43、This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.

　　44、She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .

　　45、This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties,

　　46、That day we all got up early as usual.

　　47、They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

　　48、Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

　　49、Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　50、The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.

　　定语从句that

　　that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。

　　一、that指代某物事时

　　1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如：

　　（1）We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.

　　我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。

　　(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.

　　我有很多想要告诉你的话。

　　(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?

　　有什么我可以帮你的吗？

　　2、先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如：

　　(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.

　　在我们图书馆，你可以借任何你想读的书。

　　3、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：

　　（5）This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.

　　这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。

　　4、先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如：

　　（6）This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.

　　这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。

　　（7）This is the only painting in this style that we have.

　　这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。

　　5、先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如：

　　（8）He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.

　　6、先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如：

　　（9）This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.

　　这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。

　　注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如：

　　（10）This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.

　　这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。

　　7、先行词为数词时。

　　（11）Look at the books on the bookshelf、You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.

　　瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。

　　8、如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如：

　　（12）They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.

　　他们建了一工厂，生产以前从未见过的东西。

　　9、以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。

　　（13）Which is the bus that you will take?

　　你要乘的是哪一班车？

　　10、关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如：

　　（14）My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.

　　我的家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。

　　11、关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如：

　　（15）This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.

　　这是有史以来最快的列车。

　　二、that 指代某人时。

　　1、泛指某人时。如：

　　（16）He is a man that is never at a loss.

　　他是一个从未一筹莫展的人。

　　2、主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如：

　　（17）Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?

　　和我们校长说话的那人是谁？

　　3、先行词前有the same时。如：

　　（18）This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.

　　这和去年给我们作报告的是同一人。

　　4、关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如：

　　（19）He has changed、He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.

　　他变了。他再也不是10年前的他了。

　　另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如：

　　（20）I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.

　　我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。

　　（21）Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?

　　这就是他们开会迟到的原因吗？

　　（22）We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.

　　我们想找一个我们能野餐的地方。

　　（23）This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.

　　这是我第一次到国外去旅游。

　　（注：先行词是time,前面有序数词或last修饰时，常用that引导定语从句或者省略。）

　　当先行词为表示方式的词the way时，可用that引导定语从句, that常可以省略。

　　（24）I don't the way you speak to her.

　　我不喜欢你和她说话那种方式。

　　定语从句as　　as引导的定语从句

　　在一些习惯用法上，as能兼作关系代词、关系副词，经常引导定语从句。

　　惯用型1：　　such… as…像……一样的　　the same…as…与……同样的

　　I seldom meetsucha beggarasI met today.

　　我很少碰到今天这样的乞丐。

　　（as是代词，在定语从句中作宾语）

　　Please choosesuchapplesascan be put in my bracket.

　　请选择我能放入篮子里这样的苹果。

　　（as在定语从句中作主语）

　　I am notthe samekind of personasyou are.

　　我可不是和你一类的人。

　　（as在从句中作表语）

　　You may takethe samebusaswe take.

　　你可乘坐我们坐的同一辆大巴。

　　（as在从句中作宾语）

　　惯用型2：　　such as…

　　在这种场合，such是代词，表示“这种人、这种物”，as是关系代词。

　　He is notsuchasyou can imagine.

　　他不是你能想象得到的那种人。

　　We have got a lot of drinkssuchasyou can find in supermarkets.

　　我们习了大量在超市能找到的那种饮料。

　　惯用型3：　　as…　　…, as…

　　as引导的'定语从句，有时像非限制性定语从句一样修饰整个主句或者主句的一部分，但它的位置比较灵活，可以放在被修饰的主句后面，也可以放在主句前面。

　　例如：

　　Asyou can see, we are all students.

　　你能看得出，我们都是学生。

　　=We are allstudents,asyou can see.

　　=We are all students,whichyou can see.

　　（这是详细的解读，大家请熟悉啊）

　　Asyou know, we need to hurry up.

　　大家知道，我们需要加快速度。

　　He is not very honest,asyou have proved.

　　她不是很诚实，这一点你已证实了。

　　欢迎转发啊~~~发动大家来做作业，学英语~

　　英语作业　　改错（正确句子不改）：

　　6、I had a friend who working in a hi-tech company.

　　7.Do you remember the fat man we talked 10 days ago?

　　8.Don’t worry about the mistakes that you would possibly make.

　　9.It was the day in which we got together.

　　10.Is this the house which you are living?

　　分析句子的英语语法结构，并翻译成中文：

　　Qatar could face further sanctions by Arab states as a deadline to accept a series of demands from its Gulf neighbours, including closing down the television network al-Jazeera, passes on Sunday night、Rex Tillerson, the US secretary of state, was working the phones to see whether acompromise could be reached but Qatari leaders have effectively rejected the 13demands tabled 10 days ago by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain.

　　英语作业参考答案：

　　我很想知道这是不是我的过错，如果是，当然我应该向他道歉，如果不是，那是谁的错呢?是他自己的错吗?突然，我有了一个好主意——我可以同他去谈谈。我想他不会拒绝与我交谈的，因为我知道他是一个通情达理的人。

　　I wondered whether it was my fault、If it was my fault, of course I should apologize to him、If it was not my fault, whose fault was it? Was it his own fault? Suddenly, I got a good idea that I could have a talk with him、I thought he wouldn't refuse to talk with me because I knew he was a reasonable man.

　　one that定语从句

　　高考中常常考查one和that作为普通代词的区别,还常与it进行区别.主要用法如下：

　　I.it／one ／that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词.一般说来,it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物.

　　I have lost my umbrella; I'm looking for it.（该句中it就是指前面的my umbrella）

　　I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one.（one在该句中表泛指,因为my umbrella已经丢了）

　　The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought.（替代词that在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”,以区别“the umbrella you bought”）

　　II.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a／an＋名词; that为特指,相当于the ＋名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that.

　　A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.（该句中one可以换成a chair）

　　The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot.（该句中that可以换成 the water）

　　III.one只能代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用ones; that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用 those.

　　I like this pen more than that one.（one代替可数名词单数pen）

　　There were a few young people and some older ones in the house.（ones代替可数名词复数people）

　　Mary's handwriting is far better than that of Peter.（that代替不可数名词 handwriting）

　　These pictures are more beautiful than those.（those代替可数名词复数 pictures）

　　IV.one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人.有时可以用the one或the ones代替that或those.

　　The one ／That on the table is mine.（该句中The one代替事物,并且也可以用That）

　　He is the teacher,the one who is loved by the students.（该句中the one代替人,不能用that）

　　He advised the farmers to choose the best seed-heads,the ones ／those that had the best color.（该句中the ones代替事物,并且也可以用those）

　　V.one一般有前置修饰语,有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语.而 that不能有前置修饰语,但可有后置修饰语.

　　Cook was a strict but good captain,one who took good care of his sailors.

　　The water in the well is cleaner than that in the river.

　　VI.it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等,充当形式主语或形式宾语.one与that均无此用法.

　　It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once every month.

　　I found it hard to get on with her.

　　VII.it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容,而one ／ones则不可以

　　where定语从句　　where在定语从句中的用法

　　1.先行词表示具体地点的,并在在定语从句中做状语的（不做主语,表语和宾语）,用where引导定语从句.例如：this is the house where i once lived.

　　2.先行词是表示抽象地点的如point,case,postion,condtion,activity,situation,job等,并作状语用where引导.

　　You reach a point where medicine can’t help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步.

　　It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地.

　　She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作.

　　判断关系代词与关系副词

　　方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要 求用关系代词。例如：

　　（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

　　（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

　　（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

　　（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

　　习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

　　方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选 择关系副词。

　　例如：（对）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?

　　（对）Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?